Emperor Shizong of the Song Dynasty had nine sons, Emperor Gaozong had twenty-nine sons, and the last emperor of the Song Dynasty had eleven sons. Emperor Shizong had a total of thirteen sons: Empress Shen had Emperor Fei and Prince Zhaobomao of Shixing; Yan Shuyuan had Prince Zhaoboshan of Poyang and Prince Zhaobogong of Jin'an; Pan Ronghua had Prince Zhaobogu of Xin'an; Liu Zhaohua had Prince Zhaoboxin of Hengyang; Wang Chonghua had Prince Zhaoboren of Luling; Zhang Xiurong had Prince Zhaoboyi of Jiangxia; Han Xiuhua had Prince Zhaoboli of Wuling; Jiang Guifei had Prince Zhaobozhi of Yongyang; Kong Guifei had Prince Zhaobomou of Guiyang. Among them, Prince Zhaobogu of Xin'an was involved in a major crime of rebellion, as noted in other records. Two of his sons died young, and their names were not recorded.
Prince Boma of Shixing, styled Yuzhi, was the second son of Emperor Shizong. Initially, his grandfather, the older brother of Emperor Gaozu, Prince Shaodao of Shixing, served as the General of the East Palace Guards in the Liang Dynasty. When Hou Jing rebelled, he led two thousand crossbowmen to rescue Jiankang City, but was killed by stray arrows in the city. In the second year of the Taiping era, the court posthumously named him a Palace Attendant, Commissioner, Commander of Military Affairs in Southern Yanzhou, and Governor of Southern Yanzhou, with the title of Marquess of Changcheng and the posthumous title of Shaolie. Later, after Emperor Gaozu ascended the throne, he posthumously appointed him as Grand General of the Valiant Cavalry, Grand Tutor, Governor of Yangzhou, changed his title to Prince of Shixing Commandery, and granted him a fief of two thousand households. He was the father of Emperor Shizong and Emperor Gaozong.
During the Chengsheng era of the Liang Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong was relocated to the Guanzhong region until Emperor Gaozu ascended the throne. Emperor Gaozu allowed Emperor Gaozong to inherit the title of Prince of Shixing to honor Prince Shaolie.
In June of the third year of Yongding, Emperor Gaozu passed away, and in the same month, Emperor Shizu succeeded to the throne. At that time, Emperor Gaozong was still away in the Zhou Dynasty. Emperor Shizu felt that there was no one to oversee the ancestral sacrifices, so in October of the same year, he issued a decree saying: "The country has just been established, rewards have been given to relatives of the imperial family, and I have personally inspected various places, especially emphasizing the development of our great nation. My brother Xu has taken on the family sacrifices, although he has already been granted a fief, but no one is there to conduct the ancestral sacrifices. What's worse, the family has faced a string of misfortunes, with disasters striking one after another, and the heir is still far away at the borders, and the carriage has yet to return. I, someone of limited ability, have taken on such a significant responsibility, and can only follow the rules of our ancestors, my heart filled with sadness. Now that I have inherited the throne, there's no one responsible for the ancestral sacrifices, and the ancestral rites of Shixingguo are without a leader, and thinking of this, my heart is filled with great sadness. Therefore, I have changed my heir Xiao Xu's title to Prince Ancheng and named my second son, Boma, as Prince of Shixing, to oversee the sacrifices to King Zhaolie. At the same time, everyone who inherits their father's official titles will be promoted by one rank. I hope this expresses my filial piety to my ancestors and ensures the safety of our nation and its people."
According to the previous rules, kings who have not been granted military titles do not have any staff. At this time, the eight ministers of the Shangshu Palace submitted a memorial to the emperor, saying: "Your Majesty, bestowing noble titles and adorning with luxurious chariots, horses, and attire is to highlight the virtues of the princes and influence the expectations of the people. Our second prince, Boma, has recently been granted the title of King of Shixing. He is inherently noble, intelligent, and wise, truly a jade tree in the wind, with a reputation that continues to grow, his virtues are as vast as rivers flowing across the plains, surpassing the patterns on the ceremonial robes. Your Majesty's profound love and wisdom for him, as he inherits the royal bloodline and becomes a prince, even though he has already received the title of land deity, how can this reflect Your Majesty's wisdom and bring glory to the royal family? After discussion, we believe he should be granted the title of General Ningyuan and be provided with staff." The emperor said, "Approved!" Subsequently, Boma was appointed as the Commissioner and Commander of the military forces of Nanlang and Pengcheng, as well as the Prefect of Pengcheng. In the second year of Tianjia, he was further promoted to General Xuanhui and Inspector of Yangzhou.
Boma is a gifted and diligent individual, humble and respectful to his subordinates, and being the younger brother of the Crown Prince, he was very favored by the Emperor. At that time, some soldiers from the Northern Expedition Army looted the tomb of Chitan from the Jin Dynasty in Dantu, unexpectedly discovering calligraphy by Wang Xizhi, a Right General of the Jin Dynasty, along with relics from other notable figures. Once the incident was revealed, these artworks were confiscated and sent to the imperial archives. Knowing that Boma had a passion for antiques, the Emperor generously rewarded him with many. Therefore, Boma's cursive and clerical scripts were exceptional, remarkably similar to Wang Xizhi's style. Three years later, Boma was promoted to General Zhendong, Grand Commandant, and Inspector of East Yangzhou.
The deposed emperor was crowned, and at that time Chubomao was in the capital. Liu Shizhi knew that they had falsely claimed an imperial decree to bring Gaozong out, and Bomao successfully persuaded Gaozong. After Liu Shizhi learned they were killed, Gaozong was worried that Bomao would incite trouble in the court. In the first year of Guangda, he promoted him to be the General of the Guard and let him live in the palace, specifically to accompany the deposed emperor. At that time, people across the country were eagerly anticipating Gaozong's return to the throne. Bomao felt particularly aggrieved, sighed all day long, and often said unpleasant things. Gaozong considered him incompetent and paid little mind to his complaints.
Later, the residents of Jian'an, Jiang Yu and Han Zigao, conspired to rebel, and Bomao was also involved in secret. In the second year of Guangda, in November, the Empress Dowager ordered the deposed emperor to be stripped of his title and made him the King of Linhai. On that day, another order was issued, which read: "Bomao has been frivolous since childhood, defying strict education, becoming more and more fierce and cunning. He always thinks he is stronger than his younger brother and should hold the power of the country. At a young age, he was arrogant and conceited, trying to cause destruction in every possible way, inciting trouble in the palace, associating with rough and dangerous people, and even wanting to enter important positions in the court, causing the new emperor to lose his way and leading to political chaos. He is the principal architect of these crimes. He should be handed over to the judicial authorities for punishment and severely punished. Considering that he is a member of the royal family, I am deeply saddened by this, so I specially reduced him to the Marquis of Wenma and strictly controlled him, asking him to move elsewhere to live. I didn't expect it to end like this; I am really more and more heartbroken."
At that time, a small courtyard called Hudidi, located near the six gates outside the palace, was designated for royal weddings. Finally, Bomao was moved to live there. On his way, he was ambushed by bandits and was killed in the carriage. He was only eighteen years old.
Prince Bosan of Poyang, known by his courtesy name Jingzhi, was the third son of Emperor Shizu. He was tall and strong, elegant and calm in demeanor, and maintained a calm demeanor. Emperor Shizu highly valued him.
In the early days of the founding emperor's reign, when the world was just starting to settle, many of the ceremonies and protocols for enfeoffing princes were still not fully established. When it was time for Boshan to be enfeoffed, the emperor wished to hold a grand ceremony. On the Bingchen day of the seventh month in the first year of Tianjia, the eight officials from the Ministry of Personnel presented a memorial saying, "It is said that only through bloodlines can prosperity be achieved. The foundation of the Zhou Dynasty was greatly promoted by this; only by laying a solid foundation can the prosperity of the Han Dynasty endure. Therefore, in order to align with the will of heaven, regulate the princes, strengthen the foundation of the royal family, and continue the imperial lineage, the third prince, Boshan, has demonstrated intelligence and virtue from a young age, exhibiting extraordinary qualities at a young age, illuminating the imperial palace. However, he has not yet been enfeoffed. How can this uphold the royal family's order and establish the princes' prestige? After our discussions, we believe he should be granted the title of King of Poyang County." The emperor issued a decree, stating, "Approved!" So the Imperial Household Cavalry Attendant and the Minister of Revenue, Xiao Rui, were appointed to go to the ancestral temple to make offerings; and the Minister of War, Wang Zhi, was appointed to go to the Grand Altar to make offerings. In October of the same year, the emperor personally conferred the title upon him in the palace, saying, "Ah! Establishing a protective barrier and assisting the royal family is all in accordance with precedent and must be done. You have demonstrated noble character from a young age, being naturally filial and virtuous, earning praise from all your relatives. Now you are to establish a great nation, which aligns perfectly with ethical order, so I am specifically responding to the people's will and grant you a noble title. Go! You must strive to achieve greatness and always defend the country and its people; isn't this something to be cautious about?" After the ceremony of conferment, the emperor ordered all the royal officials to the prince's mansion for a feast. He was also appointed as the General of the Central Army and the Governor of Wu County. Six years later, he was appointed as the Commander of Yuanjiang, General of the North, and Governor of Southern Xuzhou. In the first year of Tiankang, his title was further elevated to General of the North.
During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he did not want Prince Xiao Boshan of Poyang to stay on the border, so in the first year of the Guangda era, he transferred him to the capital and appointed him as General of the East and Inspector of Eastern Yang Province. In the first year of Taijian, he was promoted to General of the Central Guard. Six years later, he was promoted again to General of the North and Inspector of Nanxu Province. Not long after, he became General of the South and Inspector of Jiangzhou. In the eleventh year, he was transferred back to the capital to serve as General of the Imperial Guard, and was also given the additional title of Grand Chancellor, along with an escort and a band. After the emperor's death, the new emperor ascended the throne and further promoted Xiao Boshan to Grand General of Central Authority. In the fourth year of Zhen De, he was sent to a local position, serving as Commissioner and Commander of the Military Affairs of Dongyang and Fengzhou, Inspector of Eastern Yang Province, and was also appointed as an attendant. In the first year of Zhenming, Xiao Boshan's mother passed away, so he resigned from his position to mourn at home. The following year, he was reappointed as Grand General of the Imperial Guard and Grand Chancellor, accompanied by ten guards bearing swords. In the third month of the third year, Xiao Boshan passed away at the age of forty. Xiao Boshan was renowned for his kindness and integrity, dignified appearance, and being the eldest among the princes. The new emperor greatly respected him and often entrusted him to preside over significant ceremonies, including weddings and banquets. During his mourning period for his mother, Xiao Boshan demonstrated profound filial piety, touching many people. Once, the emperor visited Cai Zheng, the Minister of Personnel, and went to pay his respects to Xiao Boshan, who wept bitterly, deeply affected. The emperor then appointed him as Grand General of the Imperial Guard again in front of all the ministers, praising his loyalty and character. He mentioned that since the Prince of Yuzhang had already taken on the position of Minister of Works, Xiao Boshan should be promoted to Grand Commandant. Before the official decree could be issued, Xiao Boshan passed away. After the fall of the Chen Dynasty, no posthumous title was conferred.
Chen Junfan, the eldest son of the Chen Dynasty, was named the Prince of Poyang during the Taijian period and later promoted to the position of Zhenwei General and Jinling Prefect. Before he had the chance to inherit his title, the Sui army launched an attack. At that time, there were more than a hundred members of the Chen royal family in the capital. The last emperor of the Chen Dynasty feared a rebellion, so he summoned them all to the palace and stationed them in the court, appointing Prince Chen Shuying of Yuzhang to oversee them while secretly keeping watch. After the Chen Dynasty's army was defeated, many surrendered, and Chen Junfan accompanied the last emperor of the Chen Dynasty to Chang'an. After arriving in Chang'an, Emperor Wen of Sui settled them in various regions, including Longyou and Hexi, and each was granted land and housing. Previously, Chen Junfan had a close relationship with Jiang Zong, the Minister of Works. During this time, Jiang Zong composed a five-character poem for Chen Junfan, expressing the sorrow of being separated in distant places. The poem was poignant and moving, quickly becoming popular among scholars of the time. In the second year of the Daye era, Emperor Yang of Sui appointed Chen Nüyao, the sixth daughter of the Chen Dynasty, as a noblewoman and favored her greatly. He then summoned all the Chen Dynasty descendants back to the capital, assigned official positions according to their abilities, and so the descendants of the Chen Dynasty all became local officials across the country. That year, Chen Junfan was appointed magistrate of Wen County.
Chen Bogong, the Jin'an Wang of the Chen Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Su Zhi, was the sixth son of Chen Baxian, the Emperor Wu of Chen. In the sixth year of the Tianjia era, he was appointed as the Jin'an Wang. Later, he also served as the Pingdong General, Governor of Wu County, and was supported by his subordinates. By the age of ten, Chen Bogong was already deeply engaged in political affairs and managed the government offices efficiently. In the first year of Taijian, he entered the court as the General of Pacification and Central Guard, and was later promoted to Central Army Leader, then further promoted to Central Guard General and Governor of Yangzhou, but was dismissed from his position due to political matters. Four years later, he was appointed as the Left General of Pacification, and later promoted to the Right General of the Garrison, with accompanying attendants. In the sixth year, he served as the General of Pacification in the South and Governor of Nanyuzhou. In the ninth year, he entered the court as the General of Pacification and Minister of Rites. In the eleventh year, he was promoted to Military Advisor General and Right Minister of the Shangshu. In the twelfth year, he was promoted to Minister of the Left Shangshu. In the thirteenth year, he was promoted to Minister of the Right Shangshu. In the fourteenth year, he was appointed as the General of Pacification in the South and Governor of Xiangzhou, but he did not have the opportunity to assume the position. In the first year of Zhende, he served as Attendant, Central Guard General, and Grand Master of Splendor, but resigned to mourn for his late mother. In the first year of Zhenming, he was appointed as the Central Guard General and Right Grand Master of Splendor, with his subordinates and attendants unchanged. Three years later, he crossed the border. In the early years of the Sui Dynasty, he served as the Governor of Chengzhou and Minister of Rites.
Wang Boxin of Hengyang, courtesy name Fuzhi, was the seventh son of the emperor. In the first year of Tianjia, Wang Chang, the Prince of Hengyang, returned from the Zhou Dynasty and died on the way. In the same year, the emperor appointed Boxin as the Prince of Hengyang, responsible for conducting sacrifices for Wang Chang. Shortly after, he was appointed General Xuanhui, Intendant of Danyang, and was also assigned assistants and scribes. In the fourth year of Taijian, he became the Central Protector General. In the sixth year, he was promoted to General Xuan Yi, Inspector of Yangzhou. He was then further appointed as Palace Attendant and Gentleman-in-Attendance. In the eleventh year, his official position was once again elevated to General Who Guards the Frontiers, Minister of the Crown Prince's Household, while maintaining his previous positions. In the first year of Zhenming, he was sent to the position of General Who Guards the South and Governor of Xihengzhou. In the third year, when the Sui army crossed the Yangtze River, he and Marquis Linru Fang Qing were killed by the Inspector of Donghengzhou, Wang Yong. For more details, refer to the biography of Fang Qing.
Wang Boren of Luling, courtesy name Shouzhi, was the eighth son of the emperor. In the sixth year of Tianjia, he was appointed as the Prince of Luling. In the early years of Taijian, he was appointed as General of Light Cavalry, with assistants and scribes. In the seventh year, he was promoted to Champion General and Chief of the Central Army. He was then further promoted to General Who Pacifies the North, Inspector of Nanxuzhou. In the twelfth year, he was promoted to General of the Left Yizuo, Chief of the Central Army. In the first year of Zhenming, he was appointed as Palace Attendant, Imperial Sacrificer at the National University, and also served as the Crown Prince's Chief Libationer. In the third year, he entered Guanzhong and died in Chang'an. His eldest son, Fan, had previously been appointed as Marquis of Xiangbin, and during the Sui Dynasty, he went on to become the magistrate of Ziyang.
Wang Boyi of Jiangxia, courtesy name Jianzhi, was the ninth son of the emperor. In the sixth year of the Tianjia era, he was appointed as the Prince of Jiangxia. In the early years of Taijian, he was appointed as General of Xuanhui, Inspector of Dongyangzhou, with assistants and clerks at his side. He was later promoted to General of Xuan Yi and was also given the titles of Imperial Commissioner, Cavalier in Regular Attendance, and Commander of Military Affairs in Hezhou and Huozhou, as well as Inspector of Hezhou. In the fourteenth year of his reign, he was summoned back to the court and appointed as Palace Attendant, Loyal and Martial General, and Grand Minister of the Imperial Household. In the third year of Zhenming, he entered Guanzhong, was reassigned to Guazhou, and died on his way to Guazhou. His eldest son, Yuanji, previously appointed as the Marquis of Xiangtan, became the magistrate of Gushu County during the Sui Dynasty period.
Wang Boli of Wuling, the tenth son of Emperor Sizong, courtesy name Yongzhi. In the sixth year of the Tianjia era, he was appointed as the Prince of Wuling. In the early years of Taijian, he served as General of Yunqi, Imperial Commissioner, Commander of various armies in Wuxing, and Prefect of Wuxing. During his tenure in Wuxing, he misused his power, exploited the people, forced them into labor, and extorted their wealth, accumulating a large amount of riches. The people could no longer endure his tyranny. In the ninth year of Taijian, an informant reported him to the court. The emperor said, "This young man still lacks the understanding of how to govern; it is because his subordinates did not assist him properly. This time, he will only be demoted, but if he errs again in the future, he will face legal consequences, and those officials who did not report in time will also be punished together!"
In the spring of the eleventh year of Taijian, the court summoned him back to the capital. However, Bolai hesitated to leave and kept delaying his departure. By October, Xu Junfu, the Scattered Cavalry Attendant and Deputy Imperial Censor, submitted a memorial stating: "It is said that delays in travel by carriage and horse are unacceptable, as this is both the king's command and a subject's duty. Diligence day and night is the duty of a subject. Although Bolai, the General of the Cloud Banner and Commander-in-Chief of the Wu Xing army, has shown talent in his early years and received important positions from the court, he has gone against the emperor's expectations, procrastinating and failing to return to the capital. This not only harms his reputation but also violates the duties of a subject. We believe he should be relieved of his duties and permitted to return home. We hereby request the emperor's approval." The emperor decreed: "Approved!" In the third year of Zhenming, Bolai returned to the capital. During the Dazai era of the Sui Dynasty, he became the Scattered Cavalry Attendant and Prefect of Lintao.
Prince Yongzhi, the twelfth son of Emperor Sizong, was known as Cezi. He was known for his kindness, leadership skills, and extensive knowledge from a young age. During the Taijian period, he was granted the title of Prince Yongzhi. He later served as a Palace Attendant, promoted to General of Mingwei, and was given subordinates. He then rose to the position of Scattered Cavalry Attendant, receiving multiple promotions, ultimately becoming the Left Supervisor in the Ministry of Works. He was later appointed as an envoy, serving as the Commander-in-Chief of the Eastern Yang and Fengzhou armies, General of Pacification in the East, and concurrently the Interior Minister of Kuaiji. In the second year of Yinde, he returned to court as a Palace Attendant and Assistant General on the Left, and was granted the title of Special Advanced. In the third year of Zhenming, he entered the capital. During the Dazai era of the Sui Dynasty, he served as the Sima of Qizhou and later rose to the position of Chief of the Imperial Academy.
Prince Bo Mou of Guiyang, styled Shenzhi, was the thirteenth son of Emperor Shizu. During the Taijian era, he was established as the Prince of Guiyang. After seven years, he was appointed as Mingwei General and also served as Assistant Historian. Soon after, he was promoted to Xinwei General and the Intendant of Danyang. In ten years, he rose to the position of Palace Attendant. Later, he was appointed as the Commissioner, Commander of the Military Affairs of Wuxing, General of the Eastern Palace Attendants, and Prefect of Wuxing. In the eleventh year, he was further appointed as Cavalier In Regular Attendance. He passed away in the first year of the Zhide era.
His son Fengsi served as the Magistrate of Fanhe County during the Daye period.
Emperor Gaozong had 42 sons: Empress Liu bore Prince Hou, Consort Peng bore Prince Shuling of Shixing, Consort Cao Shuhua bore Prince Shuying of Yuzhang, Consort He Shuyi bore Prince Shujian of Changsha and Prince Shuming of Yidu, Consort Wei Zhaorong bore Prince Suqing of Jian'an, Concubine Qian bore Prince Shuxian of Hedong, Consort Liu Zhaoyi bore Prince Suqi of Xincai, Consort Yuan Zhaorong bore Prince Suwen of Jinxix, Prince Sudai of Yiyang, and Prince Sutan of Xinhui, Princess Wang bore Prince Subiao of Huainan and Prince Suxiong of Bashan, Consort Wu bore Prince Suzhong of Shixing, Consort Xu bore Prince Suyan of Xunyang, Consort Chunyu bore Prince Sushen of Yueyang, Consort Wang Xiuhua bore Prince Suyu of Wuchang, Consort Wei Xiurong bore Prince Suping of Xiangdong, Consort Shi bore Prince Suao of Linhe and Prince Suxing of Yuanling, Consort Zeng bore Prince Suxuan of Yangshan, Consort Yang bore Prince Sumu of Xiyang, Lady Shen bore Prince Sujian of Nan'an, Prince Sucheng of Nanjun, Prince Shao of Yueshan, and Prince Kuang of Taiyuan, Consort Yuan bore Prince Suchun of Xinxing, Consort Wu bore Prince Sumo of Badong, Consort Liu bore Prince Suxian of Linjiang, and Consort Qin bore Prince Sulong of Xinning and Prince Surong of Xinchang. In addition, he had eight sons: Surei, Sizhong, Sihong, Siyi, Sixun, Siwu, Sichu, and Sifeng, none of whom were able to be crowned as kings. Prince Shuling of Shixing committed a major crime of rebellion; his actions are recorded elsewhere. There were also three sons who died young, but their names are not recorded.
Wang Shuying of Yuzhang, courtesy name Zilie, was the third son of Emperor Gaozong. He was known for his kindness and friendliness from a young age. In the first year of Tianjia, he was granted the title of Marquis of Jian'an. In the first year of Taijian, he was elevated to the title of Prince of Yuzhang, while also serving as General Xuanhui, Commander of all military affairs in Dongyangzhou, and Governor of Dongyangzhou. Five years later, he was promoted to General Pingbei and Governor of Nanyuzhou. In the eleventh year of his reign, he was promoted again to General Zhenqian and Governor of Jiangzhou. Later, when the Emperor ascended the throne, Shuying's position was further elevated to General of the Southern Campaign and was later granted the additional titles of Sima of the Palace and Grand General of the Central Guards, while retaining his other positions. Four years later, he was promoted to Grand General of the Cavalry. In the first year of the Zhenming era, the court assigned him a band of musicians and ten guards wielding swords. That same year, he was appointed Minister of Works. Three years later, when the Sui army crossed the Yangtze River, Shuying was in charge of the military defense of Shitoucheng. Shortly after, he was called back to the capital. After the defeat of the court's army, he ultimately surrendered to the Sui general Han Qinhu. That same year, he entered Guanzhong. During the Daye period of the Sui Dynasty, he was appointed Prefect of Fuling. His eldest son, Hong, was named Crown Prince of Yuzhang in the first year of the Zhide era.
Wang Shujian, styled Zicheng, was the fourth son of Emperor Gaozong. His mother was originally a servant in a wine shop in Wu, where Gaozong often visited and they became involved. After Gaozong became emperor, he summoned her to the palace and granted her the title of Shuyi. Shujian was intelligent from a young age, but also cruel and violent, addicted to alcohol and fond of fortune-telling, divination, and witchcraft, while also being skilled in refining gold and carving jade. During the Tianjia era, he was appointed as the Marquis of Fengcheng. In the first year of Taijian, he was made the Prince of Changsha, as well as the General of Eastern Zhonglang and the Governor of Wu Commandery. Four years later, he was promoted to General of Xuanyi, Inspector of Jiangzhou, and appointed as a historical officer. Seven years later, he was promoted to General of Yunhui, Inspector of Yingzhou, but before taking office, he was reassigned as the General of Pingyue and Inspector of Guangzhou. Shortly after, he was appointed as General of Pingbei and Inspector of Hezhou. Eight years later, he was appointed again as General of Pingxi and Inspector of Yingzhou. Eleven years later, he returned to court to serve as the General of Yizuo and Intendant of Danyang.
Initially, Shujian and Wang Shiling of Shixing both amassed a large following, competing for power and influence, leading to a tense relationship. During court sessions, they insisted on walking separately, leading to fights among their followers that sometimes resulted in casualties. Later, when Emperor Gaozong fell ill, Shujian and Shiling stayed by the emperor's side to attend to his needs. However, Shiling had already begun to harbor thoughts of rebellion and secretly instructed the official responsible for the medicine, saying, "The knife for cutting the medicine is too dull; sharpen it quickly."
After the death of Emperor Gaozong, the situation was dire. Prince Ling ordered his men to fetch a sword from outside. His men, caught off guard, handed him the wooden sword that was part of his court attire. Prince Ling was enraged upon seeing it. Prince Jian was nearby at the time and, sensing that something was amiss, secretly observed Prince Ling's actions. The next day, during the brief funeral ceremony, Prince Ling secretly hid a sharpened dagger in his sleeve and rushed forward to strike at the emperor. He struck the emperor's neck, knocking him unconscious. The Empress Dowager and the emperor's wet nurse, Lady Wu An, desperately shielded the emperor, preventing his death. Prince Jian immediately seized Prince Ling from behind, disarmed him, and intended to kill him. He asked the unconscious emperor, "Should I kill him?" The emperor was still unconscious and unable to respond. Prince Ling, known for his great strength, eventually broke free from his restraints, fled to Yunlong Gate, gained entry to the East Palace, commanded his men to block the road at Qingxi Bridge, and freed the prisoners from East City Prison to bolster his forces. He also sent people to Xilin to gather his troops, donned armor and a white cloth hat, ascended the west gate of the city, and recruited civilians to enlist in his army.
At that time, most of the army was defending the river, and the palace was quite deserted. Shu Jian reported to the Empress Dowager and requested her to order the Prince's Attendant Sima Shen to summon Xiao Mohe to quell the rebellion. That day, the generals of Shu Ling, Dai Wen, Tan Qilin, and others were captured and brought to the palace, beheaded in the courtyard of the Ministry of Personnel, and their severed heads were displayed in East City. Shu Ling, in a state of panic, resorted to desperate measures, executing all his wives and concubines, and taking a few hundred followers to flee to Xinlin. Xiao Mohe caught up with him, killed Shu Ling in Danyang County, and apprehended the remaining rebels. That year, Shu Jian was rewarded for his successful suppression of the rebellion, being appointed as the General of the Cavalry, Supervisor of the Imperial Clan, and Governor of Yangzhou. He was soon promoted to Minister of Works, while retaining his positions as general and governor.
It is said that at that time, the Emperor was in poor health and could not see anything, so he entrusted everything to Shu Jian, and the reins of power in the court fell into his hands. Shu Jian became arrogant and haughty as a result, engaging in numerous abuses of power. The Emperor began to distance himself from him and even became somewhat wary of him. Kong Fan, Guan Bin, Shi Wenqing, and others, former attendants of the Crown Prince, constantly whispered slander about Shu Jian to the Emperor.
In the first year of Zhide, the Emperor ordered Shu Jian to be dispatched to Jiangzhou as Governor, following the protocol for the Three Excellencies. Before he could leave, the Emperor ordered him to be the General of the Cavalry and then promoted him to Minister of Works, with the intention of stripping him of his power. Shu Jian was very uneasy, began to blame fate and others, and even resorted to seeking divine protection through superstitious practices. He carved a wooden figure, dressed it in a Taoist robe, and equipped it with mechanisms to bow and kneel, worshiping it nightly beneath the sun and moon, praying for heavenly protection.
That winter, someone reported his actions, and after investigation, they were found to be true. The Emperor arrested Shu Jian and imprisoned him in the Western Province, preparing to execute him. That night, the Emperor sent a close attendant to read the imperial edict, listing his crimes. Shu Jian said, "I originally had no bad intentions; I just wanted to please the Emperor. I have violated the laws of heaven and deserve death. After I die, I must go to meet my brother Shu Ling. Please specify in the imperial edict so that even under the Nine Springs, I can still receive punishment." The Emperor, taking into account his past contributions, pardoned him, removed him from all his official posts, and allowed him to retire. After some time, he was appointed as an imperial attendant and General of the Left. The following year, the Emperor assigned him an honor guard and a lavish carriage. In the third year, he was appointed as General of the West and Governor of Jingzhou. In the fourth year, he was promoted to Grand General of the Central Army and appointed as a Palace Attendant. In the second year of Zhenming, his term ended, and he returned to the capital.
After three years, he entered the pass, moved to Guazhou, and changed his name to Shu Xian. Shu Xian, accustomed to a life of luxury, was not used to the high cost of living in Guazhou. He and his wife Shen sold wine and did various jobs to make a living. During the Sui Dynasty's Daye era, he was appointed as the Prefect of Suining County.
Prince Jian'an, known by his courtesy name Zibi, was the fifth son of Gaozong. He was upright, talented, and tall and impressive. In the fourth year of Taijian, he was appointed as Prince Jian'an and appointed as General of the East Central Army and Governor of Dongyangzhou. In the seventh year, he was promoted to General of the Cloud Banners and Governor of Yingzhou, with an entourage. In the ninth year, he was further promoted to General Who Pacifies the South and Governor of Xiangzhou. After the Emperor ascended the throne, he was appointed as General Who Pacifies the South. Later, he served as an attendant, General of the Right, and Minister of the Imperial Secretariat, and then was promoted to Director of the Imperial Secretariat. In the third year of Zhenming, during the Sui Dynasty, he was appointed as an official attendant and Prefect of Shangdang County.
Wang Shuming, also known as Zizhao, was the sixth son of Emperor Gaozong. He was exceptionally handsome, gentle in demeanor, and had a somewhat feminine appearance. In the fifth year of Taijian, he was titled as the King of Yidu, then appointed as General of Xuanhui, with aides and clerks. In the seventh year, he was promoted to the position of Dongzhonglangjiang, the Governor of Dongyangzhou, and shortly after became the General of Chariots and Cavalry, as well as the Minister of Guards. In the thirteenth year, he was appointed as an imperial envoy, the General of Cloud Banners, and the Governor of Nanxuzhou. He later served as the Palace Attendant and the General of the Right. By the fourth year of Zhide, his rank was elevated to General of the Right. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital and during the Sui Dynasty's Daye period, he became the Honglu Shaoqing.
Wang Shuxian, also known as Zigong, was the ninth son of Emperor Gaozong. He was respectful, cautious, intelligent, and studious. In the fifth year of Taijian, he was titled as the King of Hedong. In the seventh year, he was appointed as Xuanyi General, with aides and clerks. He then served as a Cavalry Attendant, the Military Advisor General, the Commander of Military Affairs in Nanxuzhou, and the Governor of Nanxuzhou. Unfortunately, he passed away in the twelfth year when he was just thirteen. He was posthumously honored as the Palace Attendant, the General Who Pacifies the Realm, and the Minister of State, with the posthumous title of Kangjian. His son Xiaokuan inherited his title. Xiaokuan succeeded as the King of Hedong in the first year of Zhide. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital and during the Sui Dynasty's Daye period, he became the magistrate of Wencheng.
Wang Shuqi, also known as Zisu, was the eleventh son of Emperor Gaozong. He was graceful, knowledgeable, well-versed in classics, and adept in writing. In the seventh year of Taijian, he was titled as the King of Xincai, then appointed as Zhiwu General, with aides and clerks. He was later sent as Dongzhonglangjiang and the Governor of Dongyangzhou. In the second year of Zhide, he returned to the court as a Palace Attendant, while retaining his roles as a general and historian. In the first year of Zhengming, he was appointed as the State Sacrificial Official, while retaining his positions as a Palace Attendant, general, and historian. In the third year, he entered the capital. During the Sui Dynasty's Daye period, he became the Chief Guest Official in charge of personnel matters.
Prince Shuwen of Jinxi, whose courtesy name was Zicai, was the twelfth son of Emperor Gaozong. He was reckless and adventurous, and had a penchant for empty fame, though he had read some books. In the seventh year of the Taijian era, he was granted the title of Prince of Jinxi. Not long after, he was promoted to Palace Attendant, Cavalier Regular Attendant, General of Benevolence, and was assigned subordinate officials. Later, he was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry and Governor of Yangzhou. In the first year of the Zhide era, he was appointed as Commissioner of Military Affairs, Commander of the military forces of Jiangzhou, and Governor of Jiangzhou. Two years later, he was promoted to General Who Inspires Awe, Commander of the military forces of Xiang, Heng, Wu, and Gui states, and Governor of Xiangzhou. In the second year of Zhengming, his term ended, and he was summoned back to court, appointed as Palace Attendant and General Who Manifests Valor, with the same subordinate officials as previously. Before he could return to the capital, the Sui army crossed the Yangtze River and captured Taicheng, and the Prince of Qin, the commander of the Sui forces on the Eastern Han route, had already arrived at Hankou. At that time, Shuwen was on his way back to court from Xiangzhou, and when he reached Bazi, he led Bi Bao, the Governor of Bazi, and others to surrender to the Sui army, writing a letter to the Prince of Qin that said: "I believe there can't be two suns in the sky; the alternation of light and dark follows a natural order. Similarly, there can't be two rulers in one nation; the roles of ruler and subject are distinct. Now that the world is united and cultures have blended, I humbly submit this letter of surrender to express my allegiance."
After receiving the letter from the King of Qin, he sent military officials from the Ministry of War, including Liu Zhuang, and officials from the Marshal's Mansion to meet Shuwen in Bazhou. Shuwen then went to Hankou with Bi Bao, Chen Ji, the governor of Jingzhou, and civil and military officials. The King of Qin treated them very well and arranged for them to stay in a guesthouse. In the ninth year of the Kaihuang reign of the Sui Dynasty, in March, the army returned in triumph. Emperor Wen personally went to Wen Tang to reward them. Shuwen, Chen Ji, Zhou Luohou, Xun Fashang, and other surrendering individuals all met Emperor Wen on the way. A few days later, Shuwen followed Chen Houzhu and other princes and generals, riding in the Emperor's Carriage, dressed in splendid attire, carrying astronomical charts and other items, lined up in sequence, surrounded by heavy cavalry of the Sui army, following Prince Jin, King of Qin, and others to enter the capital to present captives, forming a line at the Grand Temple. The next day, Emperor Wen of Sui sat at Guangyang Gate and watched as Shuwen followed Chen Houzhu to the south of the court. Emperor Wen had the Minister of the Interior, Li Delin, read the edict, blaming Chen Houzhu and his ministers for not assisting each other, leading to the destruction of the country. Chen Houzhu and his ministers knelt on the ground in shame and fear, not daring to lift their heads; only Shuwen looked content. Sixteen days later, Shuwen submitted a memorial saying, "I surrendered in Bazhou before; I hope you can understand my situation and view me more favorably." Although Emperor Wen of Sui considered him disloyal, he wanted to pacify the people of the Jianghuai region, so he appointed him as the governor of Yizhou.
The Prince of Huainan, his name was Shubiao, his style name was Zihua; he was the thirteenth son of Emperor Gaozong. He was intelligent and gifted from a young age and was also very good at writing. In the eighth year of Taijian, he was appointed as the Prince of Huainan. Not long after, he became a Court Attendant and the General of Renwei, and he also had many advisors. In the third year of Zhengming, he went to the capital but passed away in Chang'an.
Shixing Wang Shuzhong, styled Zi Hou, was the fourteenth son of Emperor Gaozong. He was known for his straightforward and honest character, lacking any notable talents. After Emperor Gaozong's death, his brother Shuling rebelled and was executed after the rebellion was suppressed. That year, Shuzhong was appointed as the Prince of Shixing, tasked with serving Empress Dowager Zaolie. In the first year of the Zhide era, he was appointed as the General of Renwei, Inspector of Yangzhou, and was also assigned a retinue. The following year, he was promoted to Commissioner, Commander of military affairs in Jiangzhou, and Inspector of Jiangzhou, giving him even greater power. In the third year of the Zhengming era, he also traveled to the capital. During the Deyuan period of the Sui Dynasty, he became the Junior Minister of the Imperial Treasury and later passed away.
Xunyang Wang Shuyan, styled Zi Si, was the fifteenth son of Emperor Gaozong. He was known for his calm and dignified demeanor. After Emperor Hou ascended the throne, he was granted the title of Prince of Xunyang. In the first year of the Zhide era, he was appointed as the Palace Attendant and General of Renwu, and was also given a staff. In the third year of the Zhengming era, he also traveled to the capital and passed away shortly after.
Yueyang Wang Shushen, styled Zi Jing, was the sixteenth son of Emperor Gaozong. He was intelligent and clever from a young age, able to write essays at the age of ten. At the age of fourteen, he was granted the title of Prince of Yueyang. Later, he became the Palace Attendant, General of Zhiwu, and Intendant of Danyang. At that time, Emperor Hou had a particular fondness for literature, so Shushen often spent the entire day with Prince Hengyang Boxin, Prince Xinchai Shuqi, and others in the emperor's company. Whenever the emperor requested poetry from them, he praised their work.
Later, he was appointed as Commissioner, Commander of military affairs in Xiang, Heng, Gui, and Wu provinces, General of Zhiwu, and Inspector of Xiangzhou. Three years later, the Sui army crossed the Yangtze River, seized Jiankang City, and the former Inspector of Xiangzhou, Prince Jinxi Shuwen, fled to Bazhou and subsequently surrendered to the Sui army. The Inspectors of Bazhou, Bi Bao, and Jingzhou, Chen Ji, also followed suit and surrendered. The Sui army's marshal, Yang Su, led his troops in an attack on Jingmen and sent General Pang Hui to plunder everywhere, reaching Xiangzhou. The soldiers in Xiangzhou had lost their morale and were eager to surrender.
Uncle Shen hosted a banquet for civil and military officials. As they drank, Uncle Shen sighed, "Is this where the loyalty between ruler and subject ends?" Upon hearing this, Chief Xie Ji fell to the ground in tears. Xiangzhou Assistant Hou Xinghou Zheng Li was also present, and he stood up and said loudly, "If the lord brings humiliation upon his subjects, are we not all subjects of the Chen state? The world is in chaos now; now is the time for us to sacrifice ourselves for our country! Even if we fail in the end, we must show the loyalty of our subjects. Even if we die outside the city gates, it will be worth it! At this crucial moment, we must not hesitate. Those who only act after the fact will be put to death!" Everyone agreed, and then they swore a blood oath by sacrificing animals.
Then, Uncle Shen sent someone to feign surrender and deliver a letter of capitulation to Pang Hui. Pang Hui believed it to be genuine and agreed to enter the city at the appointed time. Uncle Shen had already set an ambush in the city, with troops and horses ready for him. Pang Hui stationed hundreds of men at the city gate, bringing only a few personal guards into the government office. The ambush launched a surprise attack, capturing Pang Hui and all his men, and beheading them. Uncle Shen sat in the shooting hall, gathered soldiers, amassing five thousand troops within a few days. Hengyang Prefect Fan Tong and Wuzhou Prefect Wu Juye also requested to come to their aid.
Before they arrived, the Sui Dynasty sent Xue Zhou as the governor of Xiangzhou. Upon hearing that Pang Hui had died, they requested reinforcements. The Sui Dynasty also sent Liu Ren'en to provide support. Before Liu Ren'en arrived, Xue Zhou's army arrived at Goose and Sheep Mountain. Shu Shen dispatched Zheng Li and Fan Tong to resist, and the two sides engaged in fierce fighting from morning till dusk. The Sui army took turns attacking, but Zheng Li's forces were outnumbered and ultimately defeated. Xue Zhou seized the opportunity and attacked the city, capturing Shu Shen alive. At this time, Wu Juye led his troops from Wuzhou to provide support, crossing the Hengqiao River and camping at Xinkangkou after hearing of Shu Shen's defeat. Liu Ren'en's forces also arrived at Hengqiao and camped by the river, resulting in a standoff for several days before engaging in another fierce battle, in which Wu Juye was also defeated. Liu Ren'en captured Shu Shen, Zheng Li, Juye, and a dozen or more accomplices, and Prince Qin ordered their execution in Hankou. Shu Shen was just eighteen at the time.
Prince Yiyang, named Shu Da, styled Zicong, was the seventeenth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the fourteenth year of Taijian, he was appointed Renwu General and was given assistants and scribes. In the first year of Zhenming, he became Dan Yang Yin. Three years later, he entered the pass. During the Sui Dynasty, he served as Neishi and later as Tai Shou of Jiangjun.
Prince Bashan, Shu Xiong, styled Zimeng, was the eighteenth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the fourteenth year of Taijian, he was appointed Bashan Wang. He entered the pass in the third year of Zhenming and ultimately died in Chang'an.
Prince Wuchang, Shu Yu, styled Zian, was the nineteenth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the fourteenth year of Taijian, he was appointed Wuchang Wang and later became Zhuangwu General, with assistants and scribes. He entered the pass in the third year of Zhenming. During the Sui Dynasty, he served as magistrate of Gaoyuan County.
Prince Xiangdong, Shu Ping, styled Zikang, was the twentieth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed Xiangdong Wang. He entered the pass in the third year of Zhenming. During the Sui Dynasty, he served as magistrate of Husu County.
Prince Ao of Linhe, courtesy name Ziren, was the twenty-first son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Linhe, and later promoted to the position of Renwu General, along with assistants and secretaries. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital. In the early period of the Sui Dynasty, he was appointed as Grand Minister of Ceremonies.
Prince Xuan of Yangshan, courtesy name Zitong, was the twenty-second son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Yangshan. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital. During the Sui Dynasty, he held the position of Magistrate of historical Jingcheng.
Prince Mu of Xiyang, courtesy name Zihe, was the twenty-third son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Xiyang. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital, and he eventually passed away in Chang'an.
Prince Jian of Nan'an, courtesy name Ziyue, was the twenty-fourth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Nan'an. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital, and he eventually passed away in Chang'an.
Prince Cheng of Nanjun, courtesy name Ziquan, was the twenty-fifth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Nanjun. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital. During the Sui Dynasty, he held the position of Magistrate of Lingwu.
Prince Xing of Yuanling, courtesy name Zitui, was the twenty-sixth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Yuanling. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital. During the Sui Dynasty, he held the title of Gentleman of the Palace.
Prince Shao of Yueshan, courtesy name Ziqin, was the twenty-seventh son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Yueshan, and later promoted to Zhiwu General, along with assistants and secretaries. Four years later, he was appointed as the Intendant of Danyang. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital, and he eventually passed away in Chang'an.
Prince Chun of Xinxing, courtesy name Zigong, was the twenty-eighth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the first year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Xinxing. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the capital. During the Sui Dynasty, he held the position of Magistrate of Hebei.
Prince Mo of Badong, courtesy name Zigui, was the twenty-ninth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the fourth year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Badong. In the third year of Zhengming, he entered the Guanzhong region. During the Sui Dynasty, he held the position of Magistrate of Qianyang.
Prince Xian of Linjiang, courtesy name Ziming, was the thirtieth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the fourth year of Zhide, he was appointed as King Linjiang. In the third year of Zhengming, he also entered the Guanzhong region. During the Sui Dynasty, he held the position of Magistrate of Chunyu.
Xinhui Wang Shu Tan, courtesy name Zi Kai, was the thirty-first son of Emperor Gaozong. In the fourth year of the Zhide era, he was granted the title of Xinhui Wang. In the third year of the Zhengming era, he also made his way to Guanzhong. During the Sui Dynasty, he was the magistrate of Shexian County.
Xinning Wang Shu Long, courtesy name Zi Yuan, was the thirty-second son of Emperor Gaozong. In the fourth year of the Zhide era, he was granted the title of Xinning Wang. In the third year of the Zhengming era, he also made his way to Guanzhong. He eventually passed away in Chang'an.
Xinchang Wang Shu Rong, courtesy name Zi Che, was the thirty-third son of Emperor Gaozong. In the second year of the Zhengming era, he was granted the title of Xinchang Wang. Three years later, he entered Guanzhong. During the Sui Dynasty, he was the magistrate of Neihuang County.
Taiyuan Wang Shu Kuang, courtesy name Zi Zuo, was the thirty-fourth son of Emperor Gaozong. In the second year of the Zhengming era, he was granted the title of Taiyuan Wang. Three years later, he entered Guanzhong. During the Sui Dynasty, he was the magistrate of Shouguang County.
The Emperor had a total of 22 sons: Empress Zhang gave birth to Crown Prince Shen and King Zhuang of Kuaiji; Lady Sun gave birth to King Yin of Wuxing; Consort Gao gave birth to King Yi of Nanping; Lady Lv gave birth to King Yan of Yongjia and King Jing of Shaoling; Lady Gong gave birth to King Qian of Nanhai and King Tian of Qiantang; Lady Zhang gave birth to King Zhi of Xinyi; Lady Xu gave birth to King Tan of Dongyang; Lady Kong gave birth to King Fan of Wujun. Additionally, the eleven sons named Zong, Guan, Ming, Gang, Tong, Chong, Qia, Tao, Chuo, Wei, and Bian did not have the opportunity to be granted titles as kings.
The Crown Prince Shen, styled Chengyuan, was the fourth son of the Emperor of the Later Shu. He was intelligent and clever from a young age and was very ambitious, carrying himself with dignity and composure. Even those who served by his side had never seen him show joy, anger, sorrow, or happiness. Due to his mother being Lady Zhang, he was especially favored by the Emperor. In the first year of the Zhide era, he was titled as the Prince of Shi'an, with a fief of two thousand households. Shortly after, he was appointed as the Military Advisor General and the Governor of Yangzhou, along with a staff of aides. In the second year of the Zhengming era, the Crown Prince Yin of the Later Shu was deposed, and Shen was then named as the Crown Prince. In the third year of the Zhengming era, the Sui army crossed the Yangtze River, resulting in a significant defeat for our forces. The Sui general Han Qinhu stormed in through the Nanyue Gate, causing the officials to flee in all directions. At that time, Shen was only in his teens, but he remained remarkably calm and composed, sitting in the house with his attendant Kong Boyu by his side. When the Sui soldiers broke in, Shen instructed his attendants to comfort them, saying, "It must be very hard for the army to be on the move outside, right?" The Sui soldiers held him in high regard. That year, he accompanied the court into the region. During the Deyuan era of the Sui Dynasty, he served as the Prefect of Fuhans.
Wu Xingwang Yin, styled Chengye, was the eldest son of the later emperor. He was born in the Eastern Palace on the second day of the second month in the fifth year of the Taijian era. His mother Sun Ji died in childbirth, and Empress Shen raised him with deep sorrow, treating him as her own. At that time, the later emperor was getting older and still did not have a son. Therefore, Emperor Gao Zong decreed him to be the legitimate grandson, stating in the decree: "The imperial grandson has just been born, and the country is flourishing. I want to share this joy with the officials, rewarding both court officials and local officials with silk, and promoting those who are fathers of the emperor by one level." Ten years later, he was titled Duke Yongkang. After the later emperor ascended the throne, he appointed him as the crown prince. Yin was intelligent and studious, constantly studying classics, well-versed in various books, well-versed in moral principles, and excelling in writing. In the second year of Zhide, he personally taught the "Classic of Filial Piety" at the Imperial College. After the lecture, he held a sacrificial ceremony before the sages and revered teachers. A grand banquet was held at the Imperial College that day, attended by nobles, officials, and students. At that time, Consort Zhang and Consort Kong were favored, Empress Shen fell out of favor, and there were frequent interactions between the Eastern Palace and the harem. The crown prince also frequently sent people to the harem. The later emperor suspected that the crown prince harbored resentment towards him and grew to detest him. Consorts Zhang and Kong constantly sowed discord in front of the later emperor, speaking ill of both the crown prince and the empress. Rumors also spread outside the palace, and in the second year of Zhenming, the crown prince was deposed and given the title of Wu Xingwang, retaining his positions as attendant and general of the central guard. Three years later, he accompanied the court to the capital city and ultimately passed away in Chang'an.
Xiao Yi, the King of Nanping, styled Chengyue, was the second son of the last ruler of the Chen dynasty. He was well-built and showed strong leadership qualities from a young age, exuding an adult-like demeanor. In the inaugural year of the Zhide era, he was granted the title of King of Nanping. Shortly after, he was also appointed as the General of Xinwu, concurrently serving as the Prefect of Nanlangye and Pengcheng, with a retinue of advisors. He later held the position of Inspector of Yangzhou and was promoted to General Who Defends the South. He then served as Commissioner, Commander of military affairs in Yuezhou, Jingzhou, and Xiangzhou, holding the title of General Who Conquers the West and serving as the Inspector of the province of Yuezhou. Unfortunately, before he could take up his new position, the Sui army crossed the Yangtze River. In the third year of the Zhengming era, he entered Chang'an alongside the last ruler of Chen and eventually died there.
Xiao Yan, the Prince of Yongjia, styled Chengyi, was the third son of the last ruler of the Chen dynasty. In the first year of the Zhide era, he was granted the title of Prince of Yongjia. He was later appointed as the Loyal and Brave General, Inspector of Nanxu, and then rose to the position of General Who Pacifies the South. He then served as Cavalier Attendant, Commissioner, Commander of military affairs in Jiangzhou, Bajzhou, and Donghengzhou, holding the title of General Who Pacifies the South and serving as the Inspector of Jiangzhou. Unfortunately, before he could take up his new position, the Sui army crossed the Yangtze River. In the third year of the Zhengming era, he entered Chang'an alongside the last ruler of Chen. During the Deyuan era of the Sui dynasty, he was appointed as the magistrate of Xiangwu County.
Xiao Qian, the King of Nanhai, styled Chengke, was the fifth son of the last ruler of the Chen dynasty. In the first year of the Zhide era, he was granted the title of Nanhai King. He was later appointed as the Wuyi General, with a retinue of advisors, and later rose to the position of Military Advisor. In the second year of the Zhengming era, he was appointed as the General Who Pacifies the North and Inspector of Nanxu. In the third year of the Zhengming era, he entered Chang'an alongside the last ruler of Chen. During the Deyuan era of the Sui dynasty, he was appointed as the magistrate of Zhuo County.
Xinyi Wang Xiao Zhi, whose courtesy name was Chengjing, was the sixth son of Chen Houzhu. In the first year of the Zhide era, he was titled Xinyi Wang. He was later appointed as the Military General of Zhuangwu, with a retinue of aides assigned to him. He later served as the Commissioner and Commander, and he was honored with the title of General of Zhiwu, concurrently serving as the Prefect of Langye County and Pengcheng County. In the third year of Zhenming, he traveled to Chang'an with Chen Houzhu. During the Sui Dynasty, he was appointed as Tongyilang.
Shaoling Wang Xiao Jing, whose courtesy name was Chengjian, was the seventh son of Chen Houzhu. In the first year of Zhenming, he was titled Shaoling Wang with a fief of one thousand households. He was appointed as the General of Renwu, with a retinue of aides assigned to him. In the third year of Zhenming, he traveled to Chang'an with Chen Houzhu. During the Sui Dynasty, he became the Deputy Director of the Imperial Academy.
Kuji Wang Xiao Zhuang, whose courtesy name was Chengsu, was the eighth son of Chen Houzhu. He was unattractive and had a notoriously violent temperament, often resorting to violence against those around him who disobeyed. Due to his mother Lady Zhang's favoritism, Chen Houzhu loved him dearly. In the fourth year of the Zhide era, he was titled Kuji Wang. He was later appointed as the General of Yiqian, with a retinue of aides assigned to him. He later served as the Commissioner and Commander of the Yangzhou military, and as the Prefect of Yangzhou. In the third year of Zhenming, he traveled to Chang'an with Chen Houzhu. During the Sui Dynasty, he became the Prefect of Changlong County.
Dongyang Wang, named Wang Dun, whose courtesy name was Chenghou, was the ninth son of Chen Houzhu. In the second year of Zhenming, he was titled Dongyang Wang with a fief of one thousand households. Before he could officially take office, he entered the capital with the court three years later. During the Sui Dynasty, he was appointed as Tongyilang.
Wu County Wang, named Wang Fan, whose courtesy name was Chengguang, was the tenth son of Chen Houzhu. In the second year of Zhenming, he was titled Wu County Wang. Three years later, he entered the capital. During the Sui Dynasty, he became the Prefect of Fucheng.
Qiantang Wang, named Wang Tian, whose courtesy name was Chengtan, was the eleventh son of Chen Houzhu. In the second year of Zhenming, he was titled Qiantang Wang with a fief of one thousand households. Three years later, he entered the capital and ultimately died in Chang'an.
In the past, in the Jiangzuo area, this tradition has existed since the Western Jin Dynasty. When the kings founded their states, the number of households in the fiefdom determined the rank of the title, categorized into upper, middle, and lower grades. Large fiefdoms had three generals, along with a Sima; medium fiefdoms had two generals; small fiefdoms only had one general. Other official positions were also set according to this standard. During the uprising of the founding emperor, from the Yongding period to the Zhenming period, Prince Chen Chang of Hengyang was particularly favored, receiving a fief of five thousand households. Most other large fiefdoms had at most two thousand households, while small ones had only a thousand households. However, many historical records are incomplete regarding the household numbers of fiefdoms, so I have compiled these fragmented records together. Historians note that Chen Shizu, Chen Xuandi, and Chen Houzhu established numerous princes to strengthen imperial power, which is the foundation of the country, as fundamental as a solid foundation. Prince Chen Boshan of Poyang was both charismatic and capable, a wise prince of his era! Prince Chen Shushen of Yueyang, during national crises, was deeply concerned for the country and its people, devoting himself to resisting the enemy, wholeheartedly serving the country, never considering his own life or death. Alas! The loyal martyrs of ancient times who sacrificed themselves for their country were just like them!
