Sun Deng, courtesy name Zigao, was the eldest son of Sun Quan. In the year 221 AD, Sun Quan was titled as the King of Wu, and Sun Deng was appointed as the General of the Eastern Central Army and granted the title of Marquis of Wanhu. However, Sun Deng declined the appointment, citing illness as the reason. In the same year, Sun Quan named Sun Deng as the Crown Prince and selected teachers and outstanding students to study alongside him. Among those selected were Zhuge Ke, Zhang Xiu, Gu Tan, and Chen Biao, and they studied together with the Crown Prince, riding horses and practicing archery.
Sun Quan wanted Sun Deng to read the "Records of the Grand Historian" to understand recent history. He thought highly of Zhang Zhao's experience and asked him to teach Zhang Xiu, who would then pass on the knowledge to Sun Deng. Sun Deng interacted casually, treating Zhuge Ke, Zhang Xiu, Gu Tan, and others like ordinary friends, sometimes riding in the same carriage and sharing the same tent. Grand Tutor Zhang Wen advised Sun Quan that the position of Crown Prince's Chief Attendant was very important and should be held by someone of high moral standing. So, Chen Biao and the others were appointed as Chief Attendants.
In the year 229 AD, Sun Quan proclaimed himself emperor, and Sun Deng was named the Crown Prince. Zhuge Ke was appointed as the Left Assistant, Zhang Xiu as the Right Assistant, Gu Tan as the Assistant Minister, and Chen Biao as the Wing Minister. These four came to be known as the "Four Friends." Xie Jing, Fan Shen, Diao Xuan, Yang Dao, and others also became guests of the Crown Prince. Therefore, the Eastern Palace was teeming with talent and buzzing with activity at that time.
Sun Quan relocated the capital to Jianye, appointing Lu Xun as General to guard Wuchang and manage various affairs in the court. Lu Xun was known for his consideration for the common folk, avoiding trampling on crops and choosing remote areas even when resting. Once, while riding out, a projectile whizzed past, and a man nearby was suspected of carrying it, but Lu Xun intervened and determined it was not the same projectile. Another time, he found a lost golden horse bowl and, instead of punishing the finder, he gave him a stern reprimand and let him go, instructing not to mention it again. After Lu Xun's brother passed away, Sun Quan reduced the food supply, but Lu Xun hurried back and persuaded Sun Quan to restore the original food supply. Though he wished to return to Wuchang, he stayed in his hometown to focus on his son's upbringing and was eventually left in charge of all matters in Jianye. Facing poor harvests and many thieves, Lu Xun enforced regulations that effectively curbed crime.
At first, Lu Xun was of humble origins, and Lady Xu had raised him. Later, Lady Xu grew jealous and fell out of favor with Sun Quan, while Lady Bu enjoyed the most favor. Lady Bu bestowed gifts upon Lu Xun, and he graciously accepted them. Whenever Lady Xu sent gifts, Lu Xun would always bathe and change into fresh clothes before donning them. Later, Sun Quan wanted to appoint Lu Xun as the Crown Prince, but Lu Xun respectfully declined, stating, "The root must be established for the way to arise; to appoint a Crown Prince, the Empress must first be established." Sun Quan then asked him, "Where is your mother at present?" Lu Xun replied, "In the land of Wu." Sun Quan was left in silence.
Sun Deng lived to be twenty-one years old and died at the age of thirty-three. As he was approaching death, he wrote to Sun Quan, saying, "I'm not well and my illness is serious. I've thought about it, and I realize I'm not capable enough, and I fear I might soon die. I'm not worried about myself, but I am saddened by the thought that I will no longer be able to serve you, to pay my respects in the palace, and that my life has not contributed much to the country. Even in death, I might cause you trouble, and that really weighs on my heart! However, I've heard that life and death are fated, and the length of one's life is determined by the heavens. The Duke Wen of Jin from the Zhou Dynasty and Confucius' student Yan Hui, both very intelligent individuals, passed away at a young age. As for me, a fool like me, living to this age, having enjoyed wealth and honor is already more than I could ask for. What is there to be sad about? The country is still in chaos, rebels have not been subdued, and the people are looking to you. People in danger hope for stability, and those in chaos hope for order. I hope you can forget about me; do not grieve over my death. You should embrace Huang-Lao's teachings, take care of your health, eat well, and think more about the affairs of the state; only then can you achieve great feats, so the people can live in peace and happiness, and then I can rest in peace. The Crown Prince (Sun He) is kind, respectful, smart, and has a noble character. He should be named Crown Prince soon to calm the people's hearts. Zhuge Ke is really talented and can be a great help to you; Zhang Xiu, Gu Tan, and Xie Jing are all capable and decisive, and they can be entrusted with important tasks to be your right-hand men; Fan Shen and Hua Rong are loyal and brave ministers; Yang Mao has good eloquence and is adept at handling situations; Diao Xuan is upright and of noble character; Pei Qin has a good memory and excellent literary talent, and he can be highly valued; Jiang Xiu and Yu Fan are both principled individuals. Some of these individuals are suitable for official positions in the court, while others are suited for leading troops into battle. They are well-versed in current affairs, knowledgeable in law, trustworthy, and loyal, truly exceptional talents. You know these people and have worked with them. You should be well aware of their character. I hope you don't mind me saying this."
The country is surrounded by enemies on all sides, the war is not over yet; we should boost the morale of the army and strive for victory. The army relies on people, and people depend on food and resources. I heard that many counties are quite desolate, people's lives are difficult, there is corruption and chaos, so laws and regulations are becoming more numerous, and punishments are becoming harsher. I heard that governing the country should follow public opinion, and laws and regulations should also keep pace with the times. You should have discussions with your ministers, listen to everyone's opinions widely, ease punishments, lower taxes, and manage labor duties fairly to meet the wishes of the people. Lu Xun is loyal, patriotic, upright, and selfless; Zhuge Jin, Bu Zhi, Zhu Ran, Quan Cong, Zhu Ju, Lu Dai, Wu Can, Kan Ze, Yan Jun, Zhang Cheng, and Sun Yi are all loyal to the country and familiar with the ways of governing; you could ask for their suggestions, reduce harsh taxes, care for the soldiers and their horses, and pacify the people. Within five or ten years, rebellions far away will be quelled, and the local people will do their utmost, and they will help restore peace without bloodshed. I've heard that 'when a bird is near death, its song is sad; when a person is near death, their words are heartfelt,' so Zinang left a final message to warn others; gentlemen all think this is the behavior of a loyal minister, let alone me? I hope you will seriously consider my suggestions; even if I die, my words can still be useful to you."
Sun Deng passed away after speaking, and his will was passed to Sun Quan, who was very saddened; reading the will, he wept uncontrollably. This took place in the fourth year of Chiwu. Xie Jing was then the Prefect of Yuzhang, deeply saddened; he resigned to mourn and even submitted a letter of self-criticism. Sun Quan said, "You and the Crown Prince work together, which is different from other officials." He sent envoys to comfort him and urged him to return to his original position, and he went back to Yuzhang County. Sun Deng was posthumously granted the title of Prince Xuan.
Zi Fan and Xi both passed away at a young age, and their younger brother Sun Ying was granted the title of Marquis of Wu. In the first year of the Wufeng era, Sun Ying conspired to assassinate Grand General Sun Ju due to his overreach of power. After their plot was uncovered, Sun Ying committed suicide and his title was revoked.
Xie Jing, styled Shufa, was from Wanyan in Nanyang. During his time as an official in the county, he had outstanding achievements and was praised by the people, who considered him a rare and outstanding official, following in the footsteps of Gu Shao. He passed away several years later.
Sun Lü, known by his style Zizhi, was the younger brother of Sun Quan. He was bright and gifted from a young age, and Sun Quan held him in high regard. In the seventh year of Huangwu, he was granted the title of Marquis of Jianchang. Two years later, Prime Minister Zhuge Jin and others recommended promoting Sun Lü, who was known for his intelligence and extensive knowledge, to a higher title, comparable to the esteemed ministers of the Han Dynasty. Sun Quan was initially reluctant to agree. Eventually, Minister of Works Chen Biao submitted a memorial to the throne, advocating for Sun Lü's appointment as Grand General to bolster the nation. Sun Quan finally agreed and appointed Sun Lü as Grand General, entrusting him with authority over the administrative affairs of half a province.
Sun Lu, as a member of the royal family, held a high position at a young age, leading many to doubt his abilities. However, once in office, he adhered to the rules, respected his elders, and exceeded everyone's expectations. In the first year of the Jiahe era, at the age of twenty, he died without having had a son, and his title was revoked.
Sun He, courtesy name Zixiao, was Sun Lu's younger brother. Because his mother Wang Shi was favored by Sun Quan, Sun He received privileges from a young age. At fourteen, he was granted a palace and a personal guard, and the Chancellor, Kan Ze, was tasked with teaching him to read and write. He was diligent in his studies, humble in his interactions, and well-regarded. In the fifth year of Chiwu, at the age of nineteen, he was named Crown Prince. Kan Ze served as Grand Tutor, Xue Zong as Assistant Tutor, and Cai Ying, Zhang Chun, Feng Fu, Yan Wei, and others served alongside him.
At that time, some officials kept writing letters to inquire about various matters. He Yan believed that these people were all duplicitous, intentionally misrepresenting his intentions to create trouble. Unable to tolerate this, he decided to sever ties with them. Additionally, the son of Governor Liu Bao, Ding Yan, accused He Yan to Liu Bao. He Yan told Ding Yan, "How many people in the court can truly claim to be talented in both civil and martial affairs? If you continue to suspect and plot against each other, how can there be a good outcome?" He subsequently pardoned both and extended unusual leniency towards them. He Yan often said that today's scholars should study diligently, practice archery and horseback riding, and serve the country. However, they were instead getting caught up in socializing, playing chess and cards all day, neglecting their responsibilities, which was hardly a sign of ambition.
Later, everyone joined He Yan for dinner. When the topic of playing chess and cards came up, He Yan said that these activities were a waste of time and energy, exhausting the mind without yielding any benefits. They do not contribute to moral development or the accumulation of merit. Furthermore, ambitious young people should value their time, work hard, and pursue lofty goals, looking down on trivial pursuits. The world is vast, but life is fleeting; time passes in the blink of an eye, and as one grows older day by day, glory and wealth will not last. These shortcomings arise from the inherent weaknesses of human nature. If one can let go of trivial desires and concentrate on moral principles, set aside trivial matters, and focus on building a foundation for success, wouldn’t their reputation and character improve? In fact, people do need some leisure activities. These leisure activities can include drinking, playing music, reading, archery, and horseback riding, so why must they play chess and cards to find happiness? So He Yan asked each of the eight guests dining with him to write an article critiquing this behavior. Then Zhong Shuzi Wei Yao wrote an article for submission, which He Yan then presented to his guests. At that time, Cai Ying had a particular fondness for chess, and many in the yamen were influenced by him, so He Yan was subtly critiquing him.
Legend has it that Lady Wang, the wife of Sun Quan, didn't get along with Princess Quan. Once, when Sun Quan fell ill and went to the temple to pay his respects, he was staying near the temple with his concubine's uncle, Zhang Xiu, and invited the concubine to his house. Princess Quan sent someone to snoop around, and then claimed that the Crown Prince was nowhere near the temple and had instead sneaked off to the concubine's house to conspire; she also said that Lady Wang had a glimmer of joy when she saw Sun Quan was gravely ill. Sun Quan was furious upon hearing this, Lady Wang was scared out of her wits, and the concubine's favor also took a nosedive, fearing being deposed. Prince Lu Sun Ba grew even more hell-bent on claiming the throne, while Lu Xun, Gu Tan, and Wu Can kept urging Sun Quan that it was only right to name the eldest son as heir and that it shouldn't be changed. However, Quan Ji and Yang Zhu supported Prince Lu Sun Ba, constantly whispering bad things about the concubine to Sun Quan. As a result, Wu Can ended up in prison and was executed, while Gu Tan got demoted to Jiaozhou. Sun Quan wavered for years before finally locking up the concubine.
At this time, General Zhu Ju and Supervisor of the Masters of Writing Qu Huang, along with many soldiers, took turns bowing and apologizing, running to the palace gates for several days to request Sun Quan to release the concubine. Sun Quan, seeing this scene from the Baijue Pavilion, was furious and ordered Zhu Ju, Qu Huang, and the others to knock it off. Sun Quan wanted to kick the concubine out and make Sun Liang Empress. However, Inspector Chen Zheng and Commander Chen Xiang submitted a memorial, citing the example of Jin Xiangong killing Shen Sheng and replacing him with Xi Qi, which led to chaos in the Jin state, to talk him out of it. Zhu Ju and Qu Huang also persisted in advising against it, refusing to back down. Sun Quan was furious, had the whole families of Chen Zheng and Chen Xiang wiped out, and dragged Zhu Ju and Qu Huang into the palace, where they each got a hundred lashes, before finally demoting the concubine to her family home. More than a dozen officials were either killed or demoted over this incident, and everyone felt it was so unfair.
In the second year of Taiyuan, in the first month, Sun Quan granted the title of King of Nanyang to Lady He and sent her to Changsha. In April, Sun Quan passed away, and Zhu Ge Ke took power. Coincidentally, Zhu Ge Ke was Lady He's nephew. Lady He sent the eunuch Chen Qian to Jianye to present a memorial to the empress dowager and send greetings to Zhu Ge Ke. Before he left, Zhu Ge Ke told Chen Qian, "Please convey to the princess that I will ensure she lives better than anyone else." His words were rather blunt. Zhu Ge Ke also planned to move the capital and build the Wuchang Palace, and there were rumors among the people that this was to welcome Lady He back to the palace. However, Zhu Ge Ke was assassinated, and Sun Jun took advantage of the situation to seize Lady He's imperial seal, move the capital, and have Lady He executed. When Lady He bid farewell to Zhang Shi, Zhang Shi said, "Good and bad luck always come together, and in the end, one cannot live alone." After saying this, she also committed suicide, which plunged the entire nation into mourning. After Sun Xiu ascended to the throne, he appointed Lady He's son, Hao, as the Marquis of Wucheng and permitted him to return to their ancestral home in Xindu. Following Sun Xiu's death, Hao inherited the throne. That year, he bestowed the posthumous title of Emperor Wen on his father, Sun He, converted Sun He's tomb into the Ming Tomb, and established two hundred households near Ming Tomb, stationing officials to oversee them.
In the second year, during the first month, he separated nine counties from Wu County and Danyang and established Wuxing Commandery, with its seat in Wucheng. He also appointed a governor, and it was decreed that annual sacrifices should be held. Someone suggested to him that a temple should be built in the capital for Sun He. In July of the second year of Baoding, he appointed the master craftsman Xue Xun to construct a hall for ancestral worship, naming it Qing Temple. In December, he sent the Prime Minister Meng Ren, the Minister of Rites Yao Xin, and others to lead two thousand infantry and cavalry to Mingling to welcome the spirit tablet of Sun He with elaborate ceremonies. Sun Zihao personally saw off Meng Ren and the others in the courtyard. As the spirit sedan approached, he had the Prime Minister Lu Kai hold a sacrifice outside the city, while he spent the night outside Jincheng himself. The next day, he welcomed the spirit tablet at the east gate. Then, on the third day, he personally went to the temple to perform the rituals, weeping in sorrow. For seven consecutive days, three separate rituals were performed, featuring various performances of song and dance, along with continuous entertainment activities. Later, someone suggested that "sacrifices should not be held too frequently, as this would diminish their dignity. The sacrificial activities should conclude in accordance with ritual guidelines." So, the sacrificial activities came to an end.
Sun Ba, whose courtesy name was Ziwei, was the younger brother of Sun He. Sun He was the crown prince, while Sun Ba held the title of King of Lu; both were highly favored and enjoyed similar privileges. After a while, news of a rift between Sun He and Sun Ba reached Sun Quan. Sun Quan then ordered them to cease their interactions and concentrate on their studies.
The envoy of the governor, Yang Wei, wrote: "I have heard that ancient monarchs who were able to unify the world first clearly distinguished between legitimate and non-legitimate offspring, bestowed titles upon their sons, in order to honor their ancestors and strengthen the country. Both Your Highnesses have received titles and official positions, and the entire nation finds this appropriate, which is the foundation of the prosperity of Wu. Recently, I heard that both Your Highnesses have stopped interacting with guests, which has shocked and disappointed people both near and far. Privately, I have listened to everyone's opinions, and they all say that both Your Highnesses are wise, intelligent, and exceptional. Since their enfeoffment three years ago, they have shown their virtues internally and spread their good names externally. Even in the remote regions of the northwest border, their reputation has been heard. Everyone believes that Your Majesty should comply with the expectations of people both near and far, allow both Your Highnesses to interact more with guests from all directions, and allow other countries to hear of their reputation, thus bringing them to submit to our great Wu. However, Your Majesty not only did not do so, but instead ordered a reduction in their attendants, stopped their interactions with guests, and prevented envoys from engaging with them. Although Your Majesty did this to allow them to focus on their studies and ignore idle gossip, hoping they can review the old and learn the new, and be knowledgeable and talented, this is not what we, your loyal subjects, wish to see. Some say that both Your Highnesses do not follow the rites and laws, and as a humble subject, I am restless day and night. Even if both Your Highnesses have truly made mistakes, they should be investigated discreetly and thoughtfully, to prevent differing opinions from arising both near and far. I am worried that these doubts will turn into slander, spread ultimately, and since the northwest border is not far from us, differing opinions can easily reach there. Once it spreads there, it will spark discussions, and people will say that both Your Highnesses have improper behavior. How will Your Majesty explain it then? If unable to explain to foreign countries, nor to the domestic ones. Suspicion at home, slander abroad, this is not a strategy for strengthening the country and stabilizing the state. I urge Your Majesty to issue a decree soon, allowing both Your Highnesses to manage state affairs as they did before, so that the world can be peaceful and the people can be happy!"
At that time, Quan Ji, Wu An, Sun Qi, Yang Zhu, and others secretly colluded with Sun Ba, plotting to pose a threat to the Crown Prince. They spread rumors and slander, ultimately leading to the Crown Prince's deposition and Sun Ba being executed. Yang Zhu's corpse was dumped into the river, while his brother Yang Mu was spared the death penalty for advising his brother multiple times, but was also exiled to the southern regions. After Sun Ba's execution, Sun Quan also executed Quan Ji, Wu An, Sun Qi, and others, all because they conspired with Sun Ba to frame Sun He.
Legend has it that Sun Quan had two sons, one named Sun Ba and the other named Sun Yi. During Sun Quan's reign, Sun Ba was appointed as the Marquis of Wu, while Sun Yi was appointed as the Marquis of Wanling. Sun Ba served alongside Sun Liang. In the second year of the Taiping era, Sun Ba stole the emperor's horse and was captured and imprisoned. Sun Liang asked the attendant Diao Xuan, "What punishment should he receive for stealing the emperor's horse?" Diao Xuan replied, "According to the law, he should be sentenced to death. But Prince Lu (Sun He) has already passed away. Your Majesty, might you show mercy and spare him?"
Sun Liang said, "The law is to be followed by all under heaven. How can we bend the law just because of family ties? We should consider how to resolve this matter legally, and not force him to die because of emotions." Diao Xuan said, "Previous amnesties had different scopes; some pardoned the entire country, while others only pardoned regions within a thousand or five hundred miles. We can choose the scope of pardon based on the situation." Sun Liang said, "This is not the right way to resolve the issue!" He then ordered the pardon of those in the palace, allowing Sun Ba to escape death.
Later, Sun Hao became emperor and, due to past conflicts between Sun He and Sun Ba, he stripped Sun Ba and Sun Yi of their titles and land, exiling them together with their grandmother, Xie Ji, to Wushang County in Kuaiji.
Sun Fen, courtesy name Ziyang, was the younger brother of the overlord, and his mother was named Zhong Ji. In the second year of the Taiyuan era, he was appointed as the King of Qi and resided in Wuchang. After Sun Quan passed away, Grand Tutor Zhuge Ke sought to prevent the princes from remaining in the militarized areas along the river and wanted to move Sun Fen to Yuzhang. Sun Fen was very angry and refused to obey, frequently disobeyed regulations.
Zhuge Ke submitted a memorial advising, "The emperor's position is as lofty as the heavens; thus, the world belongs to him, his ancestors, and all common people are his subjects. Even if an enemy has merits, they must be killed; even if a relative has faults, they must be punished. This is to align with heavenly principles, govern the nation, and prioritize the collective over the individual. This is a system established by the sages and will not change for hundreds of years.
In the early period of the Han Dynasty, there were many princes, and those powerful princes often rebelled, seriously endangering the country and even leading to fratricide. Later, lessons were learned, and this issue became a taboo. Since Emperor Guangwu, the princes were placed under restrictions, only allowed to indulge in pleasures within the palace, not to manage the people, participate in political affairs, and have strict prohibitions on their interactions, to ensure safety and maintain prosperity. This is the experience and lessons learned from the gains and losses of the previous dynasties.
Previously, Yuan Shao and Liu Biao each had their own territories, which were not small and had a considerable population. Because they did not distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate children, both of their clans were extinguished. This was a matter that grieved the people. The late emperor (Sun Quan) learned from history, took preventive measures, and thought ahead. Therefore, when he was ill, he bestowed titles upon the princes, allowing them to take up their respective fiefs. The edicts were written with great care, and the regulations were very strict. All his admonitions were thorough, sincerely wanting the ancestral temple to be peaceful, the princes to be safe, and the descendants to inherit peacefully, to prevent any regrets of bringing disaster to the nation and the family.
The king should emulate Tai Bo's obedience to his father's wishes, learn the respectful and cautious attitude of the Xian King of Hejian and the King of the East Sea, and restrain his own arrogance and extravagance, using it as a cautionary lesson. However, it is said that since you arrived in Wuchang, you have repeatedly violated orders, disregarded regulations, and arbitrarily mobilized soldiers to repair the palace. Furthermore, your attendants have made mistakes, which should be reported to the court and handled by the relevant departments, but you executed them without proper investigation. Grand Marshal Lv Dai personally accepted the late emperor's orders to assist the king, but you did not heed his advice, which has caused him considerable concern. Hua Yi was a close minister of the late emperor, loyal and principled. You should have accepted his suggestions, but it is said that you became angry and even threatened to have him arrested. Likewise, the Imperial Secretary Yang Rong, who personally accepted the orders, should have been respectful and cautious, but he said, 'I won't obey the ban anyway, what can you do to me?' Upon hearing these words, all the officials were shocked and felt a chill. As the saying goes: 'A clear mirror reflects one's appearance, and past events serve as a warning for the present.' The king should take the King of Lu as a cautionary example, correct his behavior, serve the court diligently, and there will be nothing unattainable.
If you forget the teachings of the late emperor and show arrogance in your heart, your subjects would rather offend the king than go against the late emperor's last order. They would rather incur the king's resentment than forget the king's authority, rendering the orders ineffective in the vassal king's eyes. This is the righteousness of ancient and modern times, and the king should understand this. Good fortune comes for a reason, while calamity develops gradually, and at the beginning of calamity, there is no worry, but later it becomes irreparable. If the King of Lu had accepted advice earlier with concern in his heart, his rule could have lasted a long time; how could it have perished? Bitter medicine may be beneficial for the patient, but only the wise can accept difficult truths. We are now trying to eliminate the seeds of calamity for the king and strengthen the foundation of good fortune, so we humbly offer our advice, in the hope that the king will reflect carefully.
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That guy Sun Xiu is getting bolder by the day. Afraid of being questioned for his crimes, he simply ran off to Nanchang, spending his days hiking, sightseeing, and hunting, completely ignoring official duties. His officials were fed up with him. Later, Sun Xiu was killed. Sun Fen ran off to Wuhu, still thinking of going to Jianye to check the situation. However, when Prime Minister Fu Qian, Xie Ci, and others advised him against it, he ended up killing them! Now, he was deposed, reduced to a commoner, and exiled to Zhang'an County. After a few years, in the third year of Taiping, he managed to turn his life around a bit by being appointed as the Marquis of Zhang'an.
In the second year of Jianheng, Sun Hao's wife, Lady Wang, passed away. Sun Hao was so heartbroken that he cried all day long, not attending court for several months, causing rumors circulating among the people that he had died, and spreading rumors that Sun Fen and the Marquis of Shangyu, Feng Dang, were planning to seize power. Sun Fen's mother's tomb was in Yuzhang. Upon hearing this rumor, Zhang Jun, the Prefect of Yuzhang, quickly had the tomb leveled, just to be safe. When Sun Hao heard about it, he was furious and had Zhang Jun executed by being torn apart by chariots, wiping out his whole family! What's even more tragic is that Sun Fen and his five sons were also killed, and Sun Fen's family was completely exterminated.
To sum it up: Sun Deng was a genuinely kind-hearted and morally upright person who truly deserves praise. Sun Lü and Sun He also had the desire to do good deeds and were always striving to improve themselves, but unfortunately, they died young and tragically, which is truly a shame! Although Sun Ba was of royal descent, he lived a dissolute life, and Sun Fen was even more lawless. They all ended up in ruin, all of their own making. However, it was incredibly unfair for Sun Fen to be wiped out; he was just plain unlucky, falling victim to circumstances beyond his control!
