In the year 406 AD, General Fu Xuan, the Governor of Liangzhou, and his troops led an incursion into Hanzhong. The officials in Hanzhong, Lv Ying, Xu Yi, and Xi Nan, joined Fu Xuan in uprising and sought help from Yang Sheng. Yang Sheng sent troops to Jinkou, and the Governor of Nan Liangzhou, Wang Min, retreated to Wuxing. Later, Yang Sheng established communication with the Jin Dynasty.
Then, Yang Xing appointed Crown Prince Hong to manage government affairs.
Murong Chao, Minister of Works; Zhong, King of Beidi; Yi, Right Assistant Minister; and Shi, Duke of Gaodu all sought refuge with Yang Xing.
At that time, boiling spring water erupted from underground in Huashan County, with a range of over a hundred steps, cooking anything that came into contact with the hot water, and it continued to bubble for five months before stopping.
Helian Bobo killed Gao Pinggong Mei Yi and absorbed his army into his rebellion.
Previously, the Emperor of Wei, Tuoba Gui, sent a thousand horses to Yang Xing, wanting to form a marriage alliance with him, which Yang Xing agreed to. However, because Wei established a new empress, the marriage alliance was called off, leading to the Battle of Chaibi. However, they have since reconciled, and Wei released Di Bozhi, Yao Boqin, Tang Xiaofang, Yao Liangguo, and Kang Huan back to Chang'an, and restored their noble titles.
At this time, Tufa Nantian and Juqu Mengxun attacked each other, with Nantian going east to seek help from the Governor of Hezhou, Xiqiang Peng Xinian, but Xinian revolted along the banks of the Yellow River.
Qiao Zong of Shu sent envoys to declare allegiance, requesting Yang Xing to lend him Huan Qian to launch an attack downstream against Liu Yu in the east. Yang Xing asked Huan Qian, who agreed to go, so Yang Xing agreed as well.
Wow, at that time, the court dispatched General Yao Bi from the Central Army, General Lian Cheng from the Rear Army, and General Qifu Gangui of Zhenyuan, leading thirty thousand infantry and cavalry to attack Nutan; at the same time, the Left Minister, Qi Nan, led twenty thousand cavalry to take care of Bobo. The Minister of Personnel, Yin Zhaojian, suggested, "Nutan is acting so arrogantly because he feels safe due to the distance; we should decree Meng Xun and Li Xuansheng to attack each other, wait for them to both be injured, then we can clean up the mess. This is what we call a 'Bian Zhuang move'!" Unfortunately, the emperor did not listen to him. That kid Bobo is pretty smart; he retreated straight to the Yellow River.
As for Yao Bi, he crossed the Yellow River from Jincheng, and his general Jiang Ji suggested to him, "Our army is about to deal with Bobo; Nutan is hesitating, and his defenses must not be tight. Why not give me five thousand light cavalry so I can sneak attack his city gates? This way, the people in the mountains and by the water will all belong to us, and Nutan will be left alone in his city, easy to capture?" But Yao Bi did not listen to him; he directly captured Changsong and killed all the way to Guzang. Nutan defended the city and even took the initiative to attack Yao Bi, which led to Yao Bi's defeat and his retreat to Xiyuan. The emperor then sent General Wei Yao Xian, commanding twenty thousand cavalry, to lead the entire army. Upon hearing that Yao Bi was defeated, he hurried over to appease the area west of the Yellow River and then led the troops back. Nutan, seeing the situation was not good, quickly sent an envoy named Xu Su to apologize to the emperor. Man, this battle is really stressful.
Things are tough here; Beibo's been captured. The Emperor sent General Yao Chong of Pingbei, General Di Bozhi of Zhenlu, General Lian Manwei of Fuguo, and General Yang Fosong of Zhendong, leading forty thousand cavalry to fight Beibo. Yao Chong reached Lingbei and unexpectedly wanted to turn around and attack Chang'an, but Di Bozhi disagreed, so they dropped the idea. Yao Chong was worried this would leak out, so he actually poisoned Di Bozhi to death! That's just brutal!
At the same time, the imperial army was attacking Qiao Zong, defeating him badly. Qiao Zong quickly sent someone to the Emperor for help. The Emperor then sent General Yao Shang of Pingxi and Governor Wang Min of Nanliang, leading twenty thousand troops to rescue him. The imperial army pulled back. Qiao Zong sent someone to thank the court and also sent a bunch of local goodies. The Emperor sent Minister Wei Hua, holding the Emperor's edict, to make Qiao Zong the Grand Commander, Prime Minister, and King of Shu, and bestowed nine gifts upon him, with ceremonies and honors that matched those of the emperors from the Wei and Jin dynasties. This appointment was as grand as an emperor's coronation!
It is said that after returning from Pingliang, I heard my brother Liu Chong was planning to rebel. Although Liu Xing knew Liu Chong was the youngest and a skilled fighter, he decided to hold off and see how things played out. His brother Liu Lian pleaded with him, saying, "Liu Chong is too fierce, does not speak of righteousness; whenever he’s around you, I cannot sleep peacefully. You must come up with a solution quickly!" However, Liu Xing said, "What big waves can Liu Chong stir up? He just recklessly killed a few famous generals; I want to make his crimes known!" So he ordered Liu Chong's execution and buried him with just commoners' rites.
Later, Prince Guo Fan and Prince Shu Dao of the Jin Dynasty came to seek refuge with Liu Xing. Liu Xing asked them, "Since Liu Yu is fighting to restore the Jin Dynasty, why have you come to me?" They replied, "Liu Yu, along with those disloyal figures, weakened the royal family. He eliminated anyone in the royal family who could stand on their own. We came here to escape him, not out of genuine surrender, but merely to save our lives." Liu Xing appreciated their honesty and appointed Guo Fan as General Jianyi and Inspector of Yangzhou, and Shu Dao as General Pingnan and Inspector of Yanzhou, and granted them lavish estates.
Liu Xing is going to attack Helian Bobo. He plans to go to Er Cheng first and appoints General An Yuan, Yao Xiang, and General Peng Bailang to be responsible for supervising the transportation of supplies. As a result, Helian Bobo's cavalry arrived before Liu Xing's forces had fully assembled. Liu Xing wanted to leave the infantry behind and make a swift journey to the camp. Everyone was terrified, and the ministers strongly argued that it was unwise, but Liu Xing ignored their warnings. The Shangshu Lang Wei Zongxi also advised Liu Xing to send troops. The Lan Tai attendant Jiang Leng insisted, "Wei Zong should be dealt with first and publicly apologize! If the army is mobilized rashly now, the six armies will be frightened, and the soldiers will lose their fighting spirit. This would lead to disaster! An envoy should be sent first to mobilize the troops of Yao Xiang and others." Liu Xing remained silent. The Right Chief Censor Wei Hua and others advised, "If the army is mobilized rashly, without fighting, the troops will scatter without a fight, and Er Cheng may not even be reached. Your Majesty should think carefully!" Ultimately, Liu Xing sent General Yao Wenzong to lead the Forbidden Army to engage the enemy, and Zhonglei Qimo led the Di tribe soldiers to support. Yao Wenzong and Qimo were both brave and fought to the death, forcing Helian Bobo to retreat. Liu Xing left behind five thousand of the Forbidden Army to assist Yao Xiang in defending Er Cheng and returned to Chang'an himself.
Qiao Zong sent his attendant Qiao Liang and Grand Minister Yang Gui to meet with Yao Xing, the ruler of Later Qin, requesting a large-scale attack on Jiangdong. He also sent his Governor of Jingzhou Huan Qian and Governor of Liangzhou Qiao Daofu to lead twenty thousand troops to advance eastward and attack Jiangling. Yao Xing then sent General Gou Lin to lead cavalry to meet them in battle. Huan Qian camped in Zhijiang, while Gou Lin camped in Jiangjin. Huan Qian was a nobleman from Jiangdong, and his subordinates were spread throughout Jingzhou and the Chu region, as many soldiers of the Jin dynasty harbored rebellious intentions. The Governor of Jingzhou, Liu Daogui, was terrified and kept the city gates tightly closed. The Governor of Yongzhou, Lu Zongzhi, led troops from Xiangyang to come to his aid. Liu Daogui left Lu Zongzhi to guard Jiangling and led his troops to face the enemy. Huan Qian's navy was formidable, and they also deployed infantry and cavalry formations waiting for battle. The two sides engaged in a major battle in Zhijiang, and Huan Qian was defeated. He fled to Gou Lin on a small boat, and the Jin army captured and killed Huan Qian. Gou Lin, fearing for his safety, withdrew his troops.
Due to insufficient state finances, Yao Xing raised taxes on border crossings and ferry services, as well as on salt, bamboo, and mountain wood. The ministers advised him, stating that the natural growth of all things is meant to sustain all living beings, and emperors should treat the people like parents would, not deprive them of their benefits for the sake of economy. Yao Xing said, "Those who can cross passes and navigate mountains and rivers are wealthy and influential families. If I collect a little less from the rich and support those in need, what's wrong with that?" Thus, he decided to maintain this policy.
Yao Xing came out of the palace gate and strolled through the Wenhui Garden until dark before returning, planning to enter the palace through the Pingshuo Gate. When his vanguard arrived, the gatekeeper, Wang Mancong, who was clad in armor and wielding a staff, closed the gate to stop them, saying, "It's dark now; it's hard to tell friend from foe. If something happens, everyone will die. The gate must remain closed." Yao Xing had to go back to the palace gate. The next day, Yao Xing summoned Wang Mancong and promoted him two ranks.
Due to a rebellion by his subordinates, Qifu Gangui captured the governor, Ren Lan. Ren Lan glared at him, accusing Qifu Gangui of betrayal. Qifu Gangui was furious and imprisoned Ren Lan, who subsequently starved himself to death.
Helian Bobo sent his general Hu Jinzuan with tens of thousands of cavalry to attack Pingliang. As a result of the need to rescue Pingliang, Hu Jinzuan's army was defeated, and he was captured alive. Helian Bobo then sent his nephew to attack Dingyang and captured General Yao Guangdu of Beizhonglang.
Yao Xing then arranged for several generals, such as Cao Chi, Cao Yun, and Wang Sifo, to relocate thousands of families to safe places to escape Helian Bobo's onslaught. Wang Sifo was placed in Huangshan Ze, while Cao Chi and Cao Yun were placed in Chencang. Helian Bobo plundered everywhere in the Longyou area, attacked Baiyabao, broke through it, and then headed straight for Qingshui. The governor of Lueyang, Yao Shoudou, abandoned his city and fled to Guanzhou. After incorporating Yao Shoudou's army, Helian Bobo returned. Yao Xing pursued him from Anding and caught up at Shouqu River, but ultimately had to turn back.
Jiang Ji, a man from Tianshui, was a subordinate of the rebel forces led by the Lv family. He was particularly adept at flattery, cunning, and treachery, and enjoyed sowing discord among relatives and friends. Yao Xing's son, Yao Bi, was greatly favored by Yao Xing, and Jiang Ji tried to win him over. At that time, Yao Bi was the governor of Yongzhou, stationed in Anding, and conspired with Jiang Ji to make their way back to court, to have Jiang Ji fully support Yao Xian, the Duke of Changshan, in winning over the court factions. At this point, Yao Xing appointed Yao Bi as the Minister of Works, Palace Attendant, and Grand General. Despite holding such a high position, Yao Bi remained humble, sought out talented individuals, befriended ministers in the court, and his power surpassed that of the Crown Prince, which led to plans to usurp the Crown Prince's position.
The situation was quite tense at that time; Bo Bo was rebelling in the northwest, Nu Tan and Meng Xun controlled the military power in the Hexi region, and the emperor was troubled about how to send someone to quell the rebellion. Guo Bo, the Prefect of Longdong, said to the emperor, "Hey, the two provinces in Lingbei have a significant population. We need to send someone who is both civil and military-minded to placate them in order to quell the rebellion!" The emperor said, "I've always wanted to find talents like Lian Po and Li Mu and let them do their job, but if the wrong person is chosen, it could definitely lead to failure! Please recommend a few candidates for me!"
Guo Bo said, "If we are talking about someone who is honest and can pacify the border regions, then Prince Yuanshi of Pinglu is a good candidate; if we are talking about someone who is brave, skilled in battle, and wise, then Prince Huan of Jianwei is a good choice; if we are talking about someone who is clear in rewarding and punishing, and fearless in battle, then General Peng Hao of Fenwu is a good candidate." The Emperor said, "Although Peng Hao can carry out orders, he may not be suitable for pacifying the border regions. Wang Yuanshi and Wang Huan are both young, and I do not yet know them." Guo Bo continued, "Guangping Gong Bi is talented in both civil and military affairs, very suitable for guarding a region. Your Majesty, you should learn from past lessons and think carefully!" The Emperor did not listen to him, but instead appointed Tai Chang Suo Leng as the Grand Marshal, concurrently serving as the Minister of Internal Affairs of Longxi, to bring peace to Qianggui. Suo Leng did a good job, and Qianggui was moved and surrendered. Meanwhile, the Minister of Astronomy Ren Yi told the Emperor, "Hey, there is white mist in the north, extending five hundred miles east and west, signifying that war and bloodshed are imminent!" Qianggui also sent back the officials they had captured, admitting their mistakes and pleading for mercy. Considering the situation in Helian Bobo's territory, the Emperor temporarily agreed to Qianggui's request and granted titles to Qianggui and his son Chipan. Meanwhile, Yao Xiang was stationed in Xingcheng at the time, but was cornered by Helian Bobo and forced to deplete their food supplies. They had no choice but to surrender and flee south to Susui. Bobo pursued them closely, Yao Xiang's army scattered, and they were eventually captured by Bobo. The Emperor then sent General Wei Xian to support Yao Xiang, but Xian was also defeated and was compelled to remain stationed in Xingcheng. The Emperor subsequently assigned Xian to manage the affairs of Anding and Lingbei.
Yao Pingdu, the Prefect of Yingchuan, came to the capital from Xuchang to report his work to Emperor Liu Yixing: "That Liu Yu kid must be up to no good. He stationed troops at Shaobi, clearly intending to invade our territory! We should send troops over, set fire to him, scatter his troops, and ruin his plans!" Liu Yixing said, "Liu Yu is so weak now, how could he even think of crossing us! Even if he really has bad intentions, that's a matter for his descendants!"
Then, Liu Yixing called the Minister Yang Fosong and said, "That kid from Wu really doesn’t know his place, daring to have such inappropriate thoughts. By the time of midwinter (tenth lunar month), I’m sending you to lead thirty thousand of our best soldiers to burn his provisions and supplies!" Yang Fosong said, "If Your Majesty entrusts me with this matter, I plan to cross the Huai River from Feikou, head straight to Shouchun, station the main force in the city, and send light cavalry to raid everywhere, turning the Huainan region into a wasteland, ruining their food and army. By then, those guys from Wu will be scared stiff and surrender obediently!" Liu Yixing was delighted to hear this.
The Western Hu person Liang Guo'er had a fancy tomb built for himself in Pingliang and often took his wives and concubines to the tomb to eat, drink, and party. After drinking too much, he climbed onto the spirit bed and sang. At that time, people made fun of him, but he couldn’t care less. He had made significant contributions in battles before, and Liu Yixing appointed him as the General of the North and the Baron of Pingyu. He died at over eighty.
At that time, a comet hit the Dongjing constellation, followed by an earthquake, a total of one hundred and fifty-six times. The court officials all wrote petitions blaming themselves, but Liu Yixing said, "Natural disasters and human calamities are all on me as the emperor; now some people always blame the Three Dukes for everything, and that’s just not right! You all go back, do what you need to do!"
Yang Sheng rebelled and caused trouble in Qishan! The Emperor sent Zhao Kun, the Jianwei General, with five thousand cavalry as vanguard and had Yang Boshou lead the infantry as rear guard. He also summoned former generals Yao Hui and Yao Wenzong from Jiushan, and General Yao Song, the Governor of Xizhou and Qinzhou, to march from Yangtoushan to join the others. General Hu Yidu of the Right Guard also set out from Yinmi to Qiancheng by a detour, all surrounding and attacking Yang Sheng. The Emperor himself led five thousand light cavalry from Yongzhou to join the other generals at Longkou.
The Prefect of Tianshui, Wang Song, complained to Yao Song, "The late Emperor was wise and valiant, unmatched in the world. Even fierce generals like Xu Luo went to attack Chouchi in the past, but all failed. It's not that Yang Sheng is so powerful, but the terrain is too complex. Now with only Zhao Kun's troops, even if you are imposing, compared to before, I think it's risky! If you think this battle is not easy, you might as well just tell the Emperor straight!" Yao Song did not listen to him. As a result, Yang Sheng ended up fighting Zhao Kun to a standstill; Yang Boshou was timid and afraid to advance, and Zhao Kun's forces were outnumbered by Yang Sheng, leading to their eventual defeat. The Emperor even ordered Yang Boshou's execution. Later, Yao Song reported Wang Song's advice to the Emperor truthfully, and the Emperor found his words reasonable.
Qian Gui was killed by his own men, and his son Chipan had just ascended the throne. Everyone advised the Emperor to take advantage of the situation and capture Chipan as well. The Emperor said, "Qian Gui had already repented before his death, and I was planning to appease him. It wouldn’t be right for me to go after his son now that he’s dead."
The emperor appointed Yang Fosong as the Commander of Military Affairs in Lingbei, General Anyuan, and Governor of Yongzhou, and ordered him to lead the troops to fight against Helian Bobo. Just a few days after Yang Fosong set off, the emperor told his ministers, "Although Yang Fosong is brave and skilled in battle, he is sometimes too impulsive. I always have to restrain him and never give him more than five thousand troops. Now that he has so many soldiers, if he encounters the enemy, he will definitely face difficulties. Now that he has gone far, we can't catch up with him. I really worry for him!" The ministers all thought the emperor was overly worried. As a result, Yang Fosong was indeed captured by Helian Bobo and eventually met a heroic end.
The emperor appointed Qi Zhaoyi as the empress and ordered to posthumously recognize Yao Xu, Yao Shuode, Yao Min, Yao Chong, Yin Wei, and twenty-four others, allowing them to enjoy sacrifices together with the late emperor in the ancestral temple. Because the ministers kept passing away, the emperor instructed the officials to study the funeral process. The officials suggested holding a mourning ceremony in the east hall as usual, but the emperor disagreed. He personally conducted the sacrifice for each minister who passed away.
Yao Wenzong, favored by Yao Hong, was extremely jealous of Yao Bi and falsely accused Yao Wenzong of having grievances, even enlisting the attendant Shi Yushi Lian Taosheng as a witness. Yao Xing was furious and ordered the death of Yao Wenzong. From then on, the ministers were all fearful and dared not speak ill of Yao Bi.
At this time, the Qiang ethnic group in Er County rebelled, and Yao Xing sent the generals Lian Cheng, Zhenjun Peng Bailang, and Beizhonglang Jiang Yao Luodu to suppress them. Lian Cheng was defeated by the Qiang people and was terrified, so he ran to Zhao Xing's prefect Yao Mu to confess. Yao Mu wanted to kill him, but Lian Cheng was afraid and escaped, seeking refuge with Helian Bobo.
Yao Xing sent Yao Shao and Yao Bi to lead the Imperial Guard to suppress the rebellion in the northern mountains. The Marquis of Liaodong, Mi Jiating, secretly moved south with his subordinates to plunder the people. Yao Bi captured Tingdi, killed more than 700 people, and relocated over 2,000 households to Zhengcheng. Yao Bi was very fond of Fang Long and unconditionally agreed to whatever Fang Long wished. He also promoted his confidant Yin Chong to a position in the imperial palace and Tang Sheng to an official in charge of writing, with his cronies occupying key positions in the court. He gradually wanted to expand his power and address his shortcomings. Right Assistant Minister Liang Xi, Minister Ren Qian, and Minister Yin Zhao privately said to Yao Xing, "Few dare to speak on matters between father and son. But the relationship between monarch and subject is like that of father and son, and we, as subjects, cannot stay silent. Historically, favoring illegitimate sons over legitimate ones has led to national chaos and family breakdown. Marquis Yao Bi of Guangping is cunning, ruthless, and inhumane. He secretly seeks to usurp the throne. Your Majesty, by placing excessive trust in him, has allowed deceitful and cunning individuals to flock to him. People are privately saying that Your Majesty intends to depose the Crown Prince. If that's true, we would willingly accept death rather than disobey your orders." Yao Xing replied, "How can this be true?" Liang Xi and the others said, "If there is no plan to depose the Crown Prince, Your Majesty's excessive favor towards Yao Bi will only bring disaster. We hope that you will remove those around him and reduce his power. This way, not only will Yao Bi be secure, but the ancestral temple and the state will be as solid as a rock." Yao Xing fell silent. Yao Xing fell seriously ill, and the rebel Li Hong in Er Yuan, with the Di tribe's Chou Chang also rising up in response to Li Hong. Despite his illness, he went to suppress the rebellion, killed Chou Chang, captured Li Hong, and relocated over 500 households of Chou Chang's followers to Xuchang.
The emperor fell seriously ill, and Crown Prince Hong stationed troops at Donghua Gate and attended to the emperor in the Council Hall. Yao Bi secretly plotted a rebellion, gathering several thousand men, who lay in ambush in his own home, clad in armor. Yao Shao, who was responsible for the defense, along with Shen Zhong, Ren Qian, Right Pushe Liang Xi, Champion Yao Zan, Jingzhao Yin Zhao, and Fuguolian Manwei, all led the Imperial Guard in protecting the palace. Yao Yu sent messengers to Puban to inform Yao Yi and secretly wrote to the princes in various regions about Yao Bi's treachery. Yao Yi cried and told the soldiers, "The emperor is now bedridden, and as loyal subjects, we should dress properly and serve carefully. However, Guangping Duke Yao Bi is hoarding troops in his private residence, being disloyal to the Crown Prince. This is the time when I must sacrifice for justice. You are all loyal and righteous men, and you should join me in fighting for justice!" The soldiers were filled with righteous indignation, rolling up their sleeves and declaring, "We will follow Your Highness's orders, even if it means facing any danger!" Yao Yi then ordered the release of all prisoners, rewarded the soldiers with tens of thousands of bolts of cloth, held a ceremony to swear in the troops, and prepared to march on Chang'an. Yao Guang, stationed in Dongzhou and Yuzhou, also revolted in Luoyang, while General Pingxi Yao Chen also mustered forces in Yongzhou to support Crown Prince Hong.
The emperor had recovered from his illness and summoned his courtiers. General Liu Qiang, the Conquering Barbarians General, cried as he said to the emperor, "Your Majesty, you have been bedridden for several tens of days; how could this happen all of a sudden?" The emperor said, "I have been lax in educating my sons, causing them to be at odds with each other, which brings shame to the people. Gentlemen, please share your thoughts and help stabilize the country." Yin Zhao said, "The Marquis of Guangping, Yao Bi, is arrogant because of his favoritism; he has been scheming for rebellion and should be dealt with according to the law to serve as a warning to others. If Your Majesty feels that punishing him now is not appropriate, you can first strip him of his power and let him live in a vassal state to eliminate hidden dangers and preserve his life." The emperor asked Liang Xi, "What do you think?" Liang Xi said, "In my humble opinion, it is the same as what Yin Zhao said." Because Yao Bi was talented in both civil and military matters, the emperor could not bear to kill him, so he removed him from his position as Minister of Works and allowed him to return to his residence as a general and marquis. When Yao Yi and others heard that the emperor had recovered from his illness, they all withdrew their troops and returned to their posts. Yao Yi, Yao Hui, and their younger brother Yao Chen all submitted memorials accusing Yao Bi and requesting that he be dealt with according to the law, but the emperor did not agree.
The Wei kingdom sent envoys to propose both a marriage and a political alliance with our country. Just then, the Prefect of Pingyang, Yao Chengdu, came to pay respects to the emperor. The emperor asked him, "You have been stationed on the eastern border for quite some time, very close to Wei; you must be quite familiar with the situation in Wei, right? They are now proposing a marriage alliance, and I have agreed. Do you think they will be able to share in our joys and sorrows in the future and support each other?" Yao Chengdu replied, "Since the Wei kingdom achieved victory at Chaibi, their army and equipment have suffered little damage, their soldiers are all spirited, and their military strength is very strong. Now, by establishing a marriage alliance, not only can we share joys and sorrows, but it is also a boon for our country's long-term stability!" The emperor was very pleased to hear this and sent Yan Kang from the Ministry of Personnel to respond to Wei and deliver gifts.
At that moment, Yao Yi, Yao Guang, Yao Xuan, and Yao Chen, the brothers, also came to pay their respects to the emperor. Their representative Yao Yu said to the emperor, "Yi and the others are all outside now and wish to discuss an important matter with you." The emperor said, "You must be here to advise me regarding Wang Bi; I am already aware of the situation." Yao Yu said, "If Wang Bi's actions should indeed be discussed, Your Majesty should listen. If what they say goes against justice, it should be addressed in accordance with the law. Why do you refuse to listen?" So the emperor allowed them to present their case in the Consultation Hall. Yao Xuan wept and exclaimed, "The late emperor established the foundation with his wisdom, Your Majesty has consolidated the country with your valor, we are in a prosperous period; how can we allow Wang Bi's scheme to jeopardize our nation? This matter should be referred to the appropriate authorities for strict legal enforcement. We are willing to die to request Your Majesty!" The emperor said, "I will handle this matter; you don't need to worry." Prior to this, the Minister of Agriculture Dou Wen and the Left Chancellor of the Ministry of Works Wang Bi secretly advised the emperor to remove Wang Bi. While the emperor did not heed their counsel, he also refrained from blaming them. The Military Commander Jiang Qiu also submitted a memorial, saying, "The Duke of Guangping, Wang Bi, has been deceitful and treacherous for many years; his crimes are serious, it is utterly absurd. Even if one wants to conceal his faults and cover up his crimes, his many followers are constantly inciting; can Wang Bi's treacherous nature truly change? These malicious individuals must be expelled to eliminate the root of the problem!" The emperor handed Jiang Qiu's memorial to Liang Xi and said, "Everyone is using my son against me; what am I to do?" Liang Xi said, "If what Jiang Qiu said is true, Your Majesty should act swiftly to make a decision." The emperor fell silent.
Crown Prince's Grand Secretary Wang Zhou is very open-minded; he recruits talents widely and befriends the Prince's faction. The powerful official Wang Bi is jealous of him and often tries to frame him. Wang Zhou remains resolute and does not yield. Emperor Liu Yu appreciates Wang Zhou's integrity and appoints him as the supervisor of the Imperial Secretariat.
During an inspection in Sanyuan, Liu Yu said to his officials, "Ancient people said that the east produces prime ministers, the west produces generals, the Three Qins region is full of talents, and talents emerge from Runan and Yingchuan. I have been tasked by the heavens to occupy the Central Plains, from east of the flowing sands to north of the Huai River and Han River. I have been working hard to recruit talents, hoping to make up for my own shortcomings. However, my wisdom does not reach those below; many talented individuals have not been discovered. For those who are talented and have done good deeds, I will gradually promote them without making them feel like they are getting ahead through favoritism. You should widely recommend those buried talents to help me promote them." Liang Xi replied, "I have been tasked with finding talents and have not been remiss, but I have not found a great scholar as talented as Wang Zuo yet. It seems that there is a lack of talents in this world!" Liu Yu said, "Since ancient times, which regional rulers did not first employ military talents like Han Xin and Wu Qi, and then use political talents like Xiao He and Deng Tong? They will not only rely on past talents but will also look for talents in the future. Your inability to recognize talent leads you to wrongly claim that there is a shortage of capable individuals; what kind of reasoning is this!" The officials all expressed their agreement.
Sima Xiu, the Inspector of Jingzhou during the Jin Dynasty, occupied Jiangling, and Lu Zongzhi, the Inspector of Yongzhou, took control of Xiangyang. They fought against Liu Yu's army and sent people to ask for Liu Yu's support. Liu Yu sent Yao Chengwang and Sima Guofan to lead eight thousand cavalry to support.
Wang Bi resented Yao Xuan for exposing his crimes previously, so he falsely accused Yao Xuan in front of Liu Yu. Yao Xuan's subordinate, Sima Quanpi, happened to arrive in Chang'an. Liu Yu blamed Quanpi for not fulfilling his duties as an aide and planned to kill him. Quanpi was cunning and falsely accused Yao Xuan of crimes. Liu Yu was furious, so he arrested Yao Xuan and imprisoned him in Xingcheng, while also sending Wang Bi to lead thirty thousand troops to guard Qinzhou. Yin Zhao advised Liu Yu, "The Duke of Guangping and the Crown Prince have a bad relationship, and he controls a powerful army. If Your Majesty were to pass away suddenly, the country might be in danger. Ignoring small issues can lead to major chaos, and that would be Your Majesty!" Liu Yu did not heed his advice. Helian Bobo launched an assault on Xingcheng, and Liu Yu sent Wang Bi to rescue the city. By the time Wang Bi arrived at Guanquan, Xingcheng had already fallen. Liu Yu went to Beidi, while Wang Bi stationed at Sanshu. Liu Yu then sent Wang Bi and Lian Manyi to Xinping before returning to Chang'an. Yao Chengwang arrived in Nanyang, and Sima Xiuzhi and his group were defeated by Liu Yu, so they retreated. Xiuzhi, Zongzhi, Qiao Wang Wensi, Wang Daoji, General of Ning Shuo Ma Jing, Assistant General of Fugu Lu Gui, and General of Ning Shuo Nanyang Prefecture Lu Fan fled together to Xingping. Helian Bobo sent his general Helian Jian to attack Er County, and thousands of cavalry rushed into Pingliang. Yao Hui faced off against Helian Jian at Wu Jing, and Pingliang Prefecture Yao Xing was captured by Helian Jian, who then attacked Xinping. Yao Bi went to attack him, fought at Longwei Fort, won a great victory, captured Helian Jian, and brought him to Chang'an. Helian Bobo initially besieged Pengcheng at Shibao, but the people of Pengcheng defended the city, and it took many years to capture it. Hearing of Helian Jian's defeat, Helian Bobo withdrew his troops.
Simaxiu and his group arrived in Chang'an. Yao Xing asked them, "Liu Yu is so supportive of the Jin Dynasty Emperor; is there something amiss?" Simaxiu replied, "When I went to Xiadu before, Prince De Wen of Langya tearfully told me, 'Although Liu Yu seems loyal to the Emperor on the surface, he is actually ruthless and a man of deep schemes. From the current situation, the dangers to the state and its people remain hard to predict.'" Yao Xing planned to appoint Simaxiu as the governor of Jingzhou to oversee southeastern affairs. Simaxiu firmly declined and requested to team up with Lu Zongzhi to disrupt Xiangyang, Huainan, and Hanzhong. So Yao Xing appointed Simaxiu as General of the South and Governor of Yangzhou, and Lu Zongzhi and others were also given official positions. When Simaxiu was about to leave, the Imperial Censor Tang Sheng said to Yao Xing, "According to the imperial decree, the Sima family should reclaim the Heluo region. Simaxiu is now ready to take flight southward; fearing he is no longer a fish in a pond, he should be treated well and not let go." Yao Xing said, "If the Sima family is really as the decree says, keeping him may become a disaster." So he let him go.
Yang Wuhou, the Marquis of Anxiang, Kang Huan, led hundreds of Di people from Bailuyuan to escape to Shangluo. The Prefect of Shangluo, Song Lin, resisted them. The people of Shangluo rose up to confront Kang Huan, and Kang Huan surrendered with his people. Yao Xing pardoned him and restored his title.
It is said that one day, a white rainbow appeared in the sky piercing the sun, and a person who understood divination told Emperor Xingzong, "Something ominous is on the horizon, but it will eventually resolve itself." At that time, Emperor Xingzong was taking medicine, and Yao Bi feigned illness to avoid attending court, secretly gathering troops in his mansion. Emperor Xingzong was furious when he heard about it, and he apprehended and executed Yao Bi's associates, the Imperial Censor Tang Sheng, Sun Xuan, and others.
Next, Emperor Xingzong's younger brother, Prince Hong, said to him: "I really can't do it. I didn't discipline my younger brother (referring to Yao Bi) well, which caused him to stir up trouble and brought shame to our conscience and the heavens. If Your Majesty thinks I am the root of the country's unrest, removing me will restore stability to the country and be a blessing for our family. If Your Majesty, in your great mercy, cannot bear to kill me, then let me go to the border to guard the frontier." Upon hearing this, Emperor Xingzong's expression grew somber. He then summoned Yao Zan, Liang Xi, Yin Zhao, and Lian Manwei to the advisory hall to secretly plan the arrest of Yao Bi. At that time, Yao Shao's troops were stationed in Yongcheng. Emperor Xingzong quickly dispatched a messenger to inform him, but Yao Shao hesitated for several days. Yao Bi's associates were all extremely fearful. Emperor Xingzong worried that they would rebel, so he arrested Yao Bi, confined him in a dungeon, harshly interrogated his associates, and prepared to have him killed. Prince Hong wept and pleaded earnestly, which finally moved Emperor Xingzong to relent. Emperor Xingzong said to Liang Xi: "Prince Hong is kind-hearted and not suspicious by nature. He will surely be able to accommodate talents and protect my son (referring to Yao Bi)." So all of Yao Bi's associates were pardoned.
Some time later, the Lingtai magistrate Zhang Quan said to Emperor Xingzong again: "Mars has entered the Eastern Well, returned after more than ten days, and within a month, it will be stationed in the Heart Mansion. This is a dire omen for the emperor; one must cultivate oneself, show humility to others, and heed the warnings from above." Emperor Xingzong followed his advice.
On the first day of the first month, Emperor Xingzong received his courtiers in front of the Taiji Hall. A monk named He Seng wept uncontrollably, unable to compose himself. Everyone found it very strange, not knowing where this He Seng came from, but his prophecies were all remarkably accurate. Emperor Xingzong respected him greatly and often invited him and a few hermits to banquets.
As the story goes, Xing, like the majestic Huayin Mountain, governed Hongjian and lived in the West Palace. Later, due to his severe illness, he returned to Chang'an. Hong wanted to personally greet the emperor outside the palace, but his ministers advised him, saying, "The emperor is seriously ill now, and treacherous officials are surrounding him. Guangping Gong (referring to Xing) and Yi (referring to Wang Yan) have a close relationship; the situation is very dangerous and unpredictable! Your Highness, if you leave the palace and cannot see the emperor, what will we do if you are plotted against by Bi (referring to Su Jun)? You should stay in the palace and stabilize the situation to protect the country!" Hong listened to their advice and welcomed the emperor at the Yellow Dragon Gate.
Su Jun and his group were taken aback by Xing's procession. Yin Chong and the others originally planned to eliminate Xing while Hong was out of the palace, but Shangshu Yao Shami said, "If the crown prince is prepared and does not go out to greet, then we will directly send the emperor back to Guangping Gong's mansion. The palace guards will know where the emperor is and will come to protect him. Who would dare oppose the crown prince? Because of the relationship with Guangping Gong, we have already committed a grave offense. Now, escorting the emperor south is a loyal and righteous act; it not only can save Guangping Gong from danger but also can redeem ourselves from our past sins!" Yin Chong and the others did not listen to Yao Shami, wanting to cause trouble after following Xing into the palace, but they were unsure whether Xing was alive or dead, so they hesitated and did not dare to act rashly.
Xing entrusted Hong with the duties of the Shangshu and sent Yao Shao and Hu Yidu to lead the Forbidden Army to guard against threats both inside and outside. He also sent people to search Su Jun's mansion for weapons and then secured these weapons in the arsenal.
It is said that the emperor fell seriously ill, and his condition worsened. His sister, who falsely claimed to be Princess Nan'an, went to visit him, but he paid her no mind. The emperor's youngest son, Geng'er, ran to tell his brother Yin, "The emperor has died; we need to act quickly!" So Yin rallied his soldiers to assault the Du'an Gate. General Lian Manwei in the palace led the defense, while General Hu Yidu led the Forbidden Army to seal off all four gates. Yin and his men sent warriors to scale the city gate, enter the palace through the roof, and reach the horse path. At that time, the emperor was recovering in the Consultation Hall, and he sent Lian Manwei to lead the palace soldiers to the armory to defend. The Crown Prince's Right Guard, Yao Hedou, led the soldiers from the East Palace to camp south of the horse path. When they couldn't break through, Yin decided to set fire to the Du'an Gate. The emperor, enduring the pain, arrived in the front hall and ordered Bi to be executed. The Forbidden Army, upon seeing the emperor, joyfully charged at the rebels in their armor, throwing the rebels into disarray. Yao Hedou led the soldiers from the East Palace to attack from behind, forcing Yin and his men to scatter and flee to Li Mountain. Yin's accomplice Lu Long fled to Yongzhou, while Yin Chong and others fled to the capital. The emperor summoned Shao, Zan, Liang Xi, Yin Zhao, and Lian Manwei to the inner sanctum, leaving behind a decree instructing them to assist the new ruler. In the twelfth year of the Yixi era, the emperor passed away at the age of fifty-one, after reigning for twenty-two years. He was posthumously titled Emperor Wenhuan, with the temple name Gaozu and the burial name Ouling.
Yin Wei, whose courtesy name was Jingliang, was a native of Tianshui. He had lofty ambitions since childhood and never involved himself in business ventures. He was eight feet tall, with a ten-belt waist, a robust figure, and a remarkable presence. Whenever he read passages about prime ministers' accomplishments, he would always put down the book and sigh. Fu Jian imposed restrictions on all individuals with the surname Yin from holding official positions because Yin Chi surrendered to Yao Xiang. Yin Wei did not become an official in the Ministry of Personnel until late in life. He was magnanimous, and his colleagues respected him greatly. In Fu Jian's later years, a strange star appeared, and Yin Wei knew that Fu Jian was about to perish, which brought him great joy. He knelt twice before the heavens, then shed tears and sighed. His friend Luoyang Huan Shi felt strange and asked him why. Yin Wei said, "The celestial phenomenon indicates the autumn of the tyrant's reign. It is time for us scholars to realize our ambitions. However, finding kindred spirits is rare, so I am both happy and afraid that I may not be able to fulfill my talents and ambitions." Yao Chang went to the horse ranch, and Yao Wei, along with Yin Xiang and Pang Yan, gathered heroes from all corners to rally behind Yao Chang as their leader, ultimately playing a key role in Yao Chang's rise to power. After Yao Chang defeated Fu Jian, he sent Yao Wei to negotiate with Fu Jian to abdicate. Fu Jian asked Yao Wei, "What is your position in my court?" Yao Wei replied, "I serve as a historian in the Ministry of Personnel." Fu Jian exclaimed, "You possess the abilities of a prime minister, similar to Wang Jinglue. I was unaware of your talents, so my downfall is well-deserved!"
Yao Wei is upright and admires people like Zhang Zibu. Duan Keng, who served under Feng Yi, is very good at networking, and Yao Chang likes his erudition and talent, so he promoted him to be a court attendant. Yao Wei strongly advised against it, but Yao Chang did not listen. Yao Wei often publicly humiliates Duan Keng, and Duan Keng feels very resentful. When Yao Chang heard about it, he said to Yao Wei, "You don't enjoy studying; why do you have a problem with knowledgeable people?" Yao Wei said, "I can't stand Duan Keng's lack of integrity." Yao Chang said, "You're too full of yourself, always comparing yourself to Xiao He; do you really think you can compare to Xiao He?" Yao Wei said, "Your Majesty, since you came from a high position, you look down on me." Yao Chang said, "You really can't compare to him; why not admit it?" Yao Wei said, "Can Your Majesty compare to Emperor Gaozu?" Yao Chang said, "I really can't compare to Emperor Gaozu; you're far worse than Xiao He, so you're really not in a position to talk." Yao Wei said, "The reason Emperor Gaozu is greater than you is because he can stay away from people like Duan Keng." Yao Chang fell silent for a moment and then reassigned Duan Keng as the governor of Beidi. After Yao Chang's death, Yao Wei and Yao Xing together eliminated Fu Deng, achieving Yao Xing's dominance, all thanks to Yao Wei's contributions. Yao Wei later served as the General Who Assists the State, Prefect of the Masters of Writing, Supervisor of the Left and Right, and Marquis of Qinghe. My friend Niu Shou from Longxi returned with the exiles from Hanzhong and said to me, "You used to say, 'If the situation is clear, my talent is enough to establish achievements; if the situation is chaotic, I will follow the examples of Er Shu and Zhu Yun, showing my integrity, not flattering like Hu Guang, and not drifting with the current.' Now you have encountered a good opportunity; this is your chance to make a name for yourself; shouldn’t you go for it?"
I said, "My wish is indeed like this, but I cannot be as discerning as Bao Shuya, promoting talents like Yi Wu; nor can I be like Emperor Gaozu of Han, discovering Han Xin among the common people, which I find very regrettable. Regarding my accomplishments, I believe I have lived up to my previous words."
Niu Shou listened to my words and said to me, "What you just told me is quite exaggerated! How do you think you measure up to the ancients in terms of achievements?"
I said, "I really don't think I am inferior to the ancients. Why do I say this? During the time of peace and prosperity, I assisted Emperor Taizu in laying the foundation for a great cause. When Your Majesty took up arms, I eliminated Fu Deng and pacified the rebellions in the regions of Guanzhou and Yongzhou. While I was alive, I held a high position of power, and even after my death, I was honored with sacrifices at the ancestral temple, which is what ancient gentlemen should achieve!"
Emperor Xingzong was greatly pleased to hear this. After I died, Emperor Xingzong was very saddened and posthumously appointed me as the Minister of the Ministry, with the posthumous title of Marquis Zhongcheng.
