In the past, the "Book of Documents" mentioned "the submission of non-Han peoples," the "Book of Songs" noted "the people of Xufang also submitted," and the "Spring and Autumn Annals" recorded the title of Luzi, suggesting their adoption of Central Plains culture was permitted. It wasn't until the establishment of the Han Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Wen of Han, that Gonggao and Xiangcheng were made vassal states. Though their people were from the borderlands, their ancestors had served with distinction. Therefore, during the reign of Emperor Jing of Han, when he wanted to reward those who surrendered, Prime Minister Zhou Yafu opposed this, citing established practice. The emperor did not adopt his opinion, thus setting a precedent for rewarding those who surrendered, which later led to the Wu-Chu rebellion. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, there were major campaigns against the Xiongnu and southern tribes, and the generals who achieved military merits were enfeoffed, which was consistent with earlier practice. In later peaceful times, meritorious officials compiled and ordered these records according to merit. (Table omitted.)
Real Histories
