The "Book of Han, Geography" records the origins and developments of various counties and districts nationwide, as well as the geographical wonders, customs, and habits, in great detail. However, I have only extracted the changes in counties and districts since the restoration of the Han Dynasty, as well as the place names mentioned in the "Spring and Autumn Annals" and the Three Histories ("Records of the Grand Historian," "Book of Han," "Book of Later Han") regarding wars, compiling this "Records of Counties and States." Any county previously recorded in the "Geography" that cannot be found today was merged or abolished during Emperor Guangwu's reign; those that did not exist before but do now are newly established. For each county name, the location of the county seat is written first.
Henan Prefecture, previously the Three Rivers County of the Qin Dynasty, was renamed by Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. After Emperor Guangwu established his capital in Luoyang, it was renamed Henan Prefecture in the fifteenth year of Jianwu. It administered twenty-one cities, and by the fifth year of Yonghe, there were 284,886 households and a population of 1,182,227 people. Luoyang, known as Chengzhou in the Zhou Dynasty, includes places like Di Quan, Tangju, Shangchengju, Shixiangju, Chushi, Rongqijian, Qianting, Yuxiang, and Dajiecheng. Henan, established by the Duke of Zhou during the Zhou Dynasty, was called Luoyi and known as Wangcheng in the Spring and Autumn period. The east gate, known as Dingmen, and the north gate, called Qianji, are also present, along with Gancheng and Kuaixiang. Liang, the ancient Liang State, is where the descendants of Boyi lived, with Huoyang Mountain and Zhucheng located here. Yingyang features Honggou River, Guangwu City, Guoting (the fief of Guo Shu), Longcheng, Baoting, Aoting, and Yingze. Juan County is home to the Great Wall, which extends from Yangwu to Mixian; there is also Yuanyong City, which some say is the ancient Hengyong, as well as Huchengting.
Yuanwu, Yangwu, and Zhongmou County have fields, clear waters, Guancheng, Quyu, and Caiting. Kaifeng and Wanling County have Feilin, Zhi Ze, and Suohou Pavilion. In Pingyin, Gucheng County, the Lan River originates from here, and there is also the Hangu Pass. Goushi County has Wuju and Huanyuan Pass. Gong County has Xungu, Dongziju (now called Zicheng), Kanju, Huangting, Huang River, and Mingxi Spring. Chenggao County has Zhanran River, Pingqiuju, Manshui, and Sishui. Jing County and Mi County have Dafu Mountain, Meishan, and Xingshan.
In Xin Cheng, there is a Gaodu City, a Guangchengju, and a Manju, which is the territory of the ancient Manshi, now called Manzhong. Yan Shi has a Shixiang, called Shishi in the Spring and Autumn Period. Xinzheng is the Zheng State mentioned in the Book of Songs and is also the old site of Zhurong. Pinghe County, established by Emperor Gaozu, is located 120 miles north of Luoyang, with a total of 18 cities, 159,770 households, and a population of 801,558.
Huai County has a Xicheng City; Heyang has a Zhancheng City; Zhi County has Yuanxiang and Liangliang; Bo County has a Chicheng; Qin River... In Yewang, there is Taihang Mountain, as well as Shequju and Yucheng. Wen County, Su Zi once served as the county magistrate here. The Ji River originates from here, and during the reign of Wang Mang, there was a severe drought, and the Ji River had completely dried up.
In Pinggao County, there is Xingqiu, which was the former Xing State, the fief of the Zhou Dynasty prince, and there is also a Licheng. Shanyang is a county seat that includes Yongcheng and Caicheng. Wude... Huojia is a marquisate. Xiuwu, formerly known as Nanyang, was renamed by Qin Shihuang, and has Nanyang City, Yangfan, Zaomao Field, as well as a small Xiuwu settlement and Tuicheng. This is Gongguo, where the Qi River originates, and there is also a Fanting. Ji... Chaoge was the residence of King Zhou, with Mu Ye to the south and the Bei State to the north, and a Ningxiang to the south. Dangyin has Yuli City; Linluo, formerly known as Longluo, was renamed by Emperor Shang and is known for its iron production.
Hedong Commandery was established in the Qin Dynasty, located about five hundred miles northwest of Luoyang, consisting of twenty cities, 93,543 households, and a population of 578,803. Anyi is known for its iron production and has a salt pool; Yang County is home to Gaoliang Pavilion; Pingyang, a marquisate known for its iron production, was once ruled by Emperor Yao; Linfen has Dongting; Fenying has Jieshan; Puban features Leishou Mountain and Shaqiu Pavilion; Dayang has Wushan, which has Yucheng on its slopes, alongside Xiayang City, Maoting, and Dianlun Slope; Jiexian has Sangquan City, Jiucheng, Jiexian, and Xiacheng; Pishi has Gengxiang, also producing iron, and a Jiting; Wenxi, previously called Quwo, is a county town that features Dongchi Pond, the ancient Dongze, as well as Jishan Pavilion, Suxi River, and Taosui River.
Jiangzhou has Yicheng.
Yong'an, formerly known as Zhi, was renamed in the second year of Yangjia. There is a Huoda Mountain.
Hebei was once part of the Wei State, as noted in the Book of Songs. There is a Hanting.
Yishi.
Yuan County features Wangwu Mountain, where Yanshui River originates. There is also a Huqiu Pavilion and Shaoting.
Xiangling County.
Beiqu County is home to Hukou Mountain and Caisang Ferry.
Puzi.
Huoze was once a marquisate, featuring the Xicheng Gate.
Duanshi.
Hongnong Commandery was established by Emperor Wu and includes two counties under its jurisdiction, which was transferred to Hongnong Commandery in the fifteenth year of Jianwu. It is four hundred and fifty miles southwest of Luoyang, consisting of nine cities, 46,815 households, and a population of 199,113. Hongnong was the location of the Qin State's Hangu Pass, with Zhushui originating from here. It also includes Kuzong Mountain, Taoqiuju (formerly known as Taolin), Wuxiang, and Caoyang Pavilion.
Shan County was originally the fief of the Guozhong State. There are Jiaocheng and Shanmo.
Mianchi County, where Gusui River originates, is also home to the famous Erxiao.
Xin'an County, where Jian River begins.
Yiyang County.
To the west of Luhun County is the former territory of the Guang State.
Lushi County has Xiong'er Gate, where the Yi River and Qing River both originate.
Huxian County used to belong to Jingzhao Prefecture. There is a famous township here called Yinxiang.
Huayin County was formerly part of Jingzhao Prefecture. There is the renowned Mount Taihua here.
Jingzhao Prefecture used to be the Qin State's Neishi, renamed by Emperor Wu. It consists of four counties, which were transferred to Jingzhao Prefecture in the fifteenth year of Jianwu. It is 950 miles west of Luoyang, with a total of ten cities across its jurisdiction, a population of 53,299 households, and 285,574 people.
Chang'an is where Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang founded the capital. Haojing is located in Shanglinyuan. There are also Xiliuju, Lanchi, Quyou, and Duyou.
Baling County has Zhi Pavilion and Changmen Pavilion.
Duling County, the Feng District is to its southwest.
Zheng County.
Xinfeng County has Lishan, with Hongmen Pavilion and Xiting to the east, as well as Zou Cheng.
Lantian County produces high-quality jade.
Changling County was formerly part of Fengyi Prefecture.
Shang County was formerly part of Hongnong Prefecture.
Shangluo County used to be a former marquisate, where Luoshui River originates, and it previously belonged to Hongnong Prefecture. There are also Tuhan Mountain and Cangye Township.
Yangling County was formerly part of Fengyi Prefecture.
During the Qin Dynasty, the jurisdiction of the Neishi was extensive. During the reign of Emperor Wu, a portion was separated and renamed Zuofengyi. Zuofengyi administers thirteen cities, with a total of 37,090 households and 145,195 people. Specifically, the cities it administered include Gaoling, Chiyang, Yunyang, Shuyu (restored during the ninth year of Yongyuan), Pinyang, Wannian, Lianshao, Chongquan, Linjin (which originally belonged to Dali County, featuring the River Water Temple, along with Ruixiang and Wangcheng), Heyang (restored during the second year of Yongping), Xiayang (which features Liangshan and Longmen Mountain), Ya and Suyi (restored during the ninth year of Yongyuan).
Youfu Feng was also separated from the Inner History of the Qin Dynasty, which governed fifteen cities, which had a total of 17,352 households and a population of 93,091. These cities are: Huaili (known as Daqiu during the Zhou Dynasty, renamed by Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu), Anling, Pingling, Maoling, Hu (the source of the Fengshui River, also known as Ganting), Meifu (home to Taiping Mountain, originally known as Zhongnan Mountain, and Chuishan, originally called Guowushan, as well as the famous Xiagu), Chencang, Qian (where Wuyue Mountain is located, the Qianshui River also originates here, and there is a Hui Cheng, also known as Huizhong), Yumi (a marquisate), Yong (noted for its iron production), Xunyi (which includes Binxiang), Meiyang (which features Qishan and the ruins of a Zhou Dynasty city), Qi (where the Qishui River originates and is also noted for its iron production), Duyang (which was restored only in the second year of Yonghe). Lastly, the Right Commandant of the Army oversees seven districts, one hundred and sixty counties, towns, and marquisates.
