Lu Xuan, styled Zizhen, was from Zhuoxian, Hebei. His great-grandfather, Lu Chen, was an aide to Liu Kun, the Minister of Works (Sikong) during the Jin Dynasty; his grandfather Lu Yan and father Lu Miao both served as governors under the Murong regime and were renowned for their scholarly elegance. In 404 AD, the court recruited learned Confucian scholars, and Lu Xuan was ranked first, receiving the official position of Academician of the Central Secretariat. The Minister of Works, Cui Hao, was Lu Xuan's brother-in-law, and every time he spoke with Lu Xuan, he would exclaim, "Talking with you reminds me of the wise men of ancient times!" Cui Hao was determined to rectify social morals and strictly distinguish the status of different families. Lu Xuan advised him, saying, "Reform and innovation have their appropriate times; how many are truly willing to undertake such endeavors? It’s best to consider it carefully." Although Cui Hao did not respond at the time, he ultimately did not heed Lu Xuan's advice, and his eventual failure was partly due to this. Later, Lu Xuan was promoted to General of Ning Shuo Command and concurrently served as an Attendant of the Imperial Guard, on a diplomatic mission to Liu Yilong. When Liu Yilong met him, they talked for a long time, and he lamented, "Young man, your great-grandfather was my old predecessor!" Upon his return to court, Lu Xuan fell ill and passed away.
His son Lu Dushi, styled Ziqian, was exceptionally intelligent from a young age, particularly skilled in calculations. He served as a trainee in the Central Secretariat and also participated in the selection for the Eastern Palace. In his youth, he and his cousin Lu Xia both earned respect for their knowledge and noble character. Later, due to the incident involving Cui Hao, Lu Dushi lost his official position and fled to Gaoyang to seek refuge, hiding in the home of Zheng Pi, who sheltered him. The authorities captured Zheng Pi's eldest son and planned to torture him. Zheng Pi advised his son, saying, "A gentleman may sacrifice his life for what is right; even if you die, do not say a word." His son obeyed his father's command, enduring brutal torture, including being burned, ultimately not revealing Lu Dushi's whereabouts and heroically giving his life. Later, Lu Dushi arranged for his brother to marry Zheng Pi's sister to repay the kindness of the Zheng family. When Northern Wei's Emperor Taiwu, Tuoba Tao, attacked Jiangling, Liu Yilong sent General Huang Yannian to offer tribute. Emperor Taiwu asked Huang Yannian, "Lu Dushi from Fanyang has fled to Jiangdong due to his close relationship with Cui Hao; he should have arrived by now, right?" Huang Yannian replied, "There's been no word in the capital; he probably hasn't arrived yet." Emperor Taiwu then ordered an amnesty for all those fleeing who were related to Lu Dushi's family and those whose property had been confiscated. As a result, Lu Dushi was able to emerge from hiding. He returned to the capital and was appointed deputy minister in the Central Secretariat, inheriting his noble title.
During the Xing'an era, he concurrently served as the Minister of Rites, overseeing the construction of the temple dedicated to Empress Dowager Bao's father, the King of Liaoxi. He was later appointed as General Who Guards the Frontier and promoted to Marquis. He was then appointed as a Cavalry Attendant and sent to meet with Liu Jun. The court sent the Palace Attendant Liu Yuanjing to accompany him to meet Liu Jun, but he made an inappropriate response. Upon his return to the court, he was impeached and held for a year before his release. He was then appointed as Acting General, General Who Guards the Frontier, and Inspector of Qizhou. Qizhou was near the border, where soldiers frequently raided and plundered one another. He strictly enforced discipline among his troops, returned captives, thereby stabilizing the situation in both regions. Later, he was imprisoned for an offense and only returned to his hometown after a long time. Shortly after, he was summoned back to the capital and appointed as General Who Pacifies the East and Inspector of Qingzhou, but he passed away before he could assume office, at the age of fifty-three. He was posthumously granted the title of Marquis Hui and left behind four sons: Yuan, Min, Chang, and Shang.
His father Xuan had five sons, with only he as the legitimate son, while the others were illegitimate. When Cui Hao got into trouble back then, a fact he resented deeply, his illegitimate brothers always wanted to harm him. When he had his own son, he often warned them to cut ties with children born to concubines to avoid potential future troubles. Even if a maidservant of his son Yuan's brothers had a child who resembled them, he did not acknowledge them. This practice drew criticism from some perceptive individuals.
His son Yuan, courtesy name Boyuan (伯源), nickname Yangwu. He was gentle and elegant in character, led a simple life, inherited his grandfather's virtues, was diligent and studious, and had a harmonious family. He inherited the marquisate, was appointed as the Chief of Guests, in charge of various affairs of the vassal state. He was later promoted to Chief Secretary, Marshal of Shiping, but was later demoted to Earl for unspecified reasons. He then served as Minister of the Yellow Gate Palace and was further promoted to concurrently hold the positions of Cavalier in Regular Attendance, Chief of the Imperial Secretariat, and Grand Supervisor of Benzhou. At that time, the Emperor Gaozu intended to make Feng Shi his empress and was gathering courtiers to discuss. Emperor Gaozu first asked Yuan: "What do you think about this matter?" Yuan replied, "This matter has always been very cautious since ancient times. In my opinion, the auspiciousness should be consulted again." Emperor Gaozu said, "I have already decided to make my niece the empress." Yuan said, "While I respect your decree, I still have reservations." When the courtiers discussed together, he still insisted on his previous opinion. Feng Dan was very favored at the time, and many held grudges against him for this, but he was indifferent. When Emperor Gaozu planned to launch an attack on Xiao Ze, Yuan submitted a memorial stating:
I admit my knowledge is limited, so I consulted some historical books. During a time of peace and prosperity, I’ve never heard of an emperor personally leading an army into battle to decide victory or defeat. Winning isn’t just about the number of troops, while losing damages prestige, just like you wouldn’t use a powerful crossbow to shoot a mouse; everyone understands this principle. Previously, Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao with ten thousand weary soldiers, and Xie An defeated Fu Jian with three thousand infantry. Success or failure can hinge on a split second. If Cao Cao had listened to Tian Feng's strategy, he could have easily secured his position. After the Wei kingdom destroyed Shu, during the Jin dynasty, the two sides were vastly unequal in strength, and Wu's politics and governance were far inferior to Wei and Jin. However, the unity among Wu's rulers and officials helped maintain stability for several decades. They weren’t conquered until Sun Hao’s tyranny and disunity took hold. Now, the Xiao clan has seized the throne through violence. Their rule is brutal, marked by heavy forced labor and internal strife, leading both the common people and even the gods to despise them. The people of Wu eagerly await the king's grace, which presents a great opportunity for unification. If the emperor personally leads a southern campaign, the Xiao regime would surely crumble, and Min and Yue would turn against each other. It’s like trying to crush an egg with a mountain; there’s no need to fight. However, I believe that if the emperor leads the expedition, it’ll be tough to ensure proper logistical support. Transporting food and supplies over long distances could leave the soldiers starving, and after the army passes through, it could inevitably cause famine. It’d be wiser to send elite troops to swiftly pacify the Jiangdong region, and then take a phoenix carriage to survey the area, to report the victory back to the Eastern Yue Emperor. This way, everyone will be grateful and supportive.
I have heard some rumors that the people of Guanzhong have been holding fasting gatherings for several years, claiming noble status and inciting each other to slander the imperial court in public. This is a profound disrespect to the Emperor. I believe they should be swiftly punished by executing their leaders, or else it may lead to a significant uprising such as the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Red Eyebrow Army. If these signs are not swiftly addressed and allowed to worsen, more innocent lives will be at stake. I have served the royal family for generations, bound by both joy and sorrow. I know that my words this time have gravely offended the Emperor, but if I do not offer my honest counsel, my guilt will be far greater.
Decree:
It is said that even the most virtuous sage ruler has various methods to achieve great undertakings. Look at the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors; they had different methods of governance. Some were enlightened and lenient, while others were strict and tough. How can we say they necessarily imitated each other? Why didn’t the emperors during times of peace and prosperity lead military campaigns themselves? Naturally, there are reasons for this. Wise emperors sometimes do not need to use military force because the world is peaceful; whereas mediocre emperors may lack ambition and avoid conflict. Comparing the emperor to those wise rulers, the times and circumstances differ; comparing the emperor to those mediocre emperors, I feel it is not quite appropriate. Your Majesty, as the Son of Heaven, should not personally lead troops into battle. Isn’t it somewhat inappropriate for two generals to lead the army instead? Think about those successful individuals from the past; if they had all adhered to their own ideas of governance, couldn’t they have further developed the enterprises of their ancestors? Those heroes who pacified wars, I have never heard of one who was not skilled in battle; Emperor Shizu's actions were not solely driven by cowardice or hesitation. Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao because he valued virtue and righteousness, strengthening his power from within; Fu Jian failed because his political system was not yet perfect. This is not just about the soldiers' combat effectiveness or the size of the army. Your Majesty, you are acting under heaven’s decree, leading a righteous army; careful consideration of outcomes is essential to avoid mistakes. The natural barrier of the Yangtze River should not be feared; why should we insist on following outdated strategic plans? Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake are not solid defensive lines; with just a command, who knows if we could achieve the same successes as Emperor Gaozu of Han? Specific strategies and tactics should be determined based on the actual circumstances at the time; let capable ministers like Xiao He handle the grain supply issue. To unify the nation, we should not initiate war lightly; how can we hand over profitable matters to others?
Furthermore, natural disasters such as floods and droughts do not always need military action to be resolved; the challenges faced during the reigns of Yao, Shun, Yu, and Tang were not due to wars. Although there is some unrest in certain areas now, I have already ordered a ban on small-scale conflicts. How can such rumors hinder the emperor's accomplishments? Your Majesty, if you treat the people sincerely, even if things don't go as planned, don't feel regret.
When Your Majesty wanted to launch a campaign to the south, Prince Gan of Zhao was responsible for military affairs in the Guanzhong area. Your Majesty also appointed Lu Yuan as Prince Gan's deputy, giving him the title of General of Annan, leading seventy thousand troops ready to march from Ziwu Valley. However, not long after, Xiao Ze died, and the army came to a halt. At that time, the Qiang people in Jingzhou rebelled and destroyed the cities. Lu Yuan led six thousand infantry and cavalry, claiming to have an army of thirty thousand, slowly moving towards that area. Within a month, the rebel army had scattered, and of the tens of thousands who surrendered, Lu Yuan executed only a few ringleaders and spared the rest. Your Majesty also appointed him as a Privy Councilor.
When Lu Yuan was fourteen, he had visited Chang'an. When he was about to return, over fifty ministers bid him farewell north of the Wei River. A fortune teller, Wang Boda from Fufeng, said, "Gentlemen, none of you can compare to this young man Lu. Although his official position does not yet match his talents, his reputation is excellent, and his future is promising. In over twenty years, he will surely command the Guanzhong region. I hope you all remember him." By the time Lu Yuan went on this expedition, the fortune teller, now over eighty, visited him in the military camp to reminisce. Shortly after, Lu Yuan was promoted to the position of Minister of Rites.
Later, when Your Majesty assessed the ministers' performance, he deemed Lu Yuan's performance unsatisfactory, so he demoted him to Supervisor of the Imperial Guards and Minister of Rites, and also withheld his salary as the Supervisor. He then appointed him as the Inspector of Yuzhou, but he firmly declined the position due to his elderly mother.
Cao Hu, the governor of Yongzhou and an underling of Xiao Zhaoye, sent someone to surrender. The emperor appointed Lu Yuan as the envoy with the imperial mandate and General of Annan, ordering him to lead the vanguard straight to Fancheng and Dengzhou. Lu Yuan said to the emperor, "I'm just a scholar, only knowledgeable in etiquette, and have never learned to fight. Your Majesty can decide what to do!" However, the situation was already urgent for deploying troops, and the emperor didn't agree. Lu Yuan added, "I'm worried that Cao Hu is faking his surrender; Your Majesty should investigate carefully." As it turned out, Cao Hu was indeed pretending to surrender. When Lu Yuan arrived in Yexian, he gave a detailed report on Cao Hu's tricks and the risks involved. The emperor then ordered Lu Yuan to attack Nanyang. Because he lacked troops and food, Lu Yuan requested to attack Zheyang first, as it was close to the granaries in Yexian. The emperor agreed, and he went to attack Zheyang. Xiao Luan sent General Yuan Lisheng to provide assistance, but Lu Yuan, who had no military talent, was ultimately defeated by the enemy, removed from office, and became an ordinary citizen.
After my mother passed away, Emperor Gaozu sent envoys to my home to express condolences. After the mourning period ended, I was appointed as the Chief Historian of the Grand Commandant. Later, when Emperor Gaozu led a southern expedition, I was appointed as the Chief Historian of the Central Army of Prince Pengcheng. Subsequently, I was appointed as the Chief Historian of King Yu of Xuzhou and was granted one hundred bolts of silk. King Yu was still young, and I took charge of most matters, big and small. I treated others with integrity, earning the trust and affection of the people in the southeast. The Governor of Nanxuzhou, Shen Ling, secretly conspired to rebel. Noticing some signs, I discreetly ordered the garrison troops across various locations to be vigilant. I submitted several reports to the court, but they were not adopted. Later, Shen Ling indeed killed his generals and led the troops from the Suyu region to defect. Thanks to my prior preparations, the garrison troops along the Huai River were able to hold their ground. Shen Ling stayed on the border for many years and secretly befriended many people, misleading the people of both provinces. Many of Shen Ling's remaining followers were captured, but I pardoned all of them and only held Shen Ling accountable, which stabilized everyone's hearts.
In the early years of the Jingming era, I was appointed as the Secretary Supervisor. In the second year of Jingming, I died in office at the age of forty-eight. The court posthumously awarded me the title of General of Anbei and the Governorship of Youzhou, restored my title of Duke of Gu'an, and gave me the posthumous title "Yi."
My father was skilled in the calligraphy of Zhong Yao, a skill that has been handed down through generations in our family, with each generation producing renowned calligraphers. By the time of my grandfather, he was proficient in both cursive and clerical scripts. I learned calligraphy from a young age, and many inscriptions in the palaces of the capital were written by me. The renowned calligrapher Cui Xuanbo of Baima was also exceptionally skilled in calligraphy, his style resembling that of Wei Guan. In the early Wei dynasty, the top calligraphers mainly came from the Cui and Lu families. I shared a particularly close relationship with the official Li Chong, who respected our family traditions, and I admired his talent and position, so we became in-laws and kept a close-knit relationship. In fact, my recognition by Emperor Gaozu was largely due to Li Chong's recommendation. I have eight sons.
The eldest son, known as Zu Ye, should have inherited his father's title, but he renounced it in favor of his eighth brother, Dao Shu. When this matter was reported to the court, the emperor decreed, "The eldest son should inherit the family business; this is an ancestral rule. How can it be given away so casually?" Dao Jiang cited the example of Han Zixi, a courtier from the Kingdom of Qinghe, who passed on his title to his brother Zhong Mu. Minister Li Ping further explained, and the emperor finally agreed. Dao Jiang was well-read, upright, outspoken, and exceptionally talented. He was the most promising in their family; even his uncles and relatives respected him. Prince Xie of Pengcheng and Prince Cheng of Rencheng both held him in high regard. Xie, the General of the Central Army, even specially invited Dao Jiang to be his aide. Later, Dao Jiang was promoted to several official positions and eventually became the governor of Yanzhou.
After taking office in Yanzhou, Dao Jiang's first act was to worship the tombs of Yue Yi and Huo Yuan, and he also constructed a shrine in their honor. He was exceptionally kind to scholars, encouraged everyone to study, and emphasized agricultural production, resulting in a doubling of agricultural yields. Later, he returned to the court as an official. Upon his passing, the court posthumously awarded him the titles of General Longxiang and Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Rites, and conferred upon him the posthumous title of "Xian." He authored numerous articles during his lifetime, amounting to dozens in total.
His son, Huai Zu, was a Doctor of the Imperial Academy and a Gentleman of the Imperial Guard, and later passed away. Huai Zu's younger brother was named Huai Ren, who served as the Minister of War during the Wuding era. Another brother of Dao Jiang was Liang, courtesy name Ren Ye; he did not hold an official position and lived a simple life; he had a son named Si Dao. Liang's younger brother Dao Yu, courtesy name Ning Zu, became well-known for his scholarship at a young age and was also quite handsome. He married Princess Le Lang, the daughter of Xian Zu, and became a Duke and the Chief of the Imperial Guard and a Palace Attendant, later being promoted to several official positions, eventually reaching the rank of Minister of the Imperial Secretariat. After the death of his mother, he resigned from his post to observe mourning, and after the mourning period ended, he returned to office and eventually rose to the position of Grand Justice of Youzhou, and finally becoming the Governor of Jingzhou, where he passed away while in office at the age of forty-four. The court posthumously conferred upon him the titles of General of the Guard and Governor of Qingzhou, granted him three hundred bolts of cloth, and conferred upon him the posthumous title "Wen Hou." His son Jing Xu served as an Assistant to the Chief of the Imperial Secretariat during the Wuding era.
Dao Yu's younger brother Dao Qian, courtesy name Qing Zu, had some knowledge of the classics and history and was familiar with arithmetic. He married Princess Ji'nan, the daughter of Gao Zu. This princess was known for her arrogance and dissolute behavior, and she had no prior illness before her sudden and unexpected death. At that time, there were rumors that Dao Qian was responsible for her death. Emperor Shi Zong chose not to investigate further to cover up the scandal. Later, the Minister of Rites even put forward Dao Qian's name for the position of National Scholar. However, Empress Dowager Ling, recalling the incident of the princess's sudden death, demoted Dao Qian to commoner status, preventing him from holding office for the rest of his life.
During the Xiaochang period, Prince Linhuai Yu was about to go on a campaign and requested the court to appoint Daoqian as the Commander of the Chariots. Daoqian's nephew, Li Yu, who married Princess Fengting, the sister of Emperor Zhuang, thus Daoqian was able to secure a promotion through this connection. During the Yong'an period, Daoqian was appointed as the General of Fuguo, an attendant in the Imperial Secretariat, and soon promoted to General of the Conquest of the Barbarians. In recognition of his contributions to the formulation of the calendar, he was bestowed the title of Duke of Linzi and further promoted to Cavalier Attendant. In the beginning of the Tianping era, he was appointed as General Who Conquers the South, and later promoted to Chief Imperial Secretary and Grand Inspector of Benzhou. Later, he was appointed to Youzhou as General of the Valiant Cavalry and Inspector, then further appointed as Grand General of the Guards, and ultimately passed away in office. After his death, the court posthumously conferred upon him the titles of Commander of the Military Affairs of You and Ying Provinces, Grand General of the Valiant Cavalry, Supervisor of the Right of the Masters of Writing, Duke of Sikong, and Inspector of Yingzhou, and he was posthumously honored with the title of Duke Gongwen. Daoqian had two sons, named Changyu and Changren. Changyu was not particularly bright, and Changren died in his youth. Daoqian later married a woman from the Sima family and had a son named Changyu. After the Sima lady passed away, he married Yuan and had two sons named Changqi and Changheng. These brothers have been fighting over their father's title, but their disputes remain unresolved. Daoqian's younger brother Daokan, with the style name Xizu, served as the provincial registrar and was recognized for his steadiness and scholarly pursuits. He passed away during the Xiaochang period. Both of his sons died in their youth, so his nephew Zhengda, the son of his brother Daoyue, inherited the family line. During the Wuding period, Zhengda achieved the rank of General of the Conquest of the Barbarians and Chief Clerk in the Office of the Commandant. Another of Daoqian's younger brothers, Dahe, with the style name Shuwei, had the least favorable reputation among the brothers. He served as a military officer in the Central Command of Jizhou and later passed away. He had a son named Jingyu. Jingyu's brother Jingxi achieved the rank of Consultant to the General of the Household during the Wuding period.
Dao He, styled Jigong, had a younger brother named Dao Yue. Dao He initially served as a low-ranking official but gradually rose through the ranks to become the Registrar of the Minister of War, a Deputy Minister of Works, the Chief Justice of Youzhou, a General Who Guards the State, and finally the Right Chief Clerk of the Minister of Works. Later, the Grand Tutor Li Yanshi was appointed to serve in Qingzhou. Li Yanshi had been ill, and Dao He was the younger brother of Li Yanshi's wife, so the court appointed Dao He as Li Yanshi's chief clerk and also granted him the title of Regular Attendant, intending for him to assist Li Yanshi. During the Yongxi era, Dao He was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry and Left Minister of Rites, while also serving as the Chief Clerk to Prince Guangping. In the Tianping era, the Chief Clerk of the Office of the Minister of Works, Gao Yue, invited Dao He to be his chief clerk. Gao Yue was later transferred to serve as the Inspector of Qingzhou and Jizhou, and Dao He continued to follow him as his chief clerk, assisting Gao Yue in both provinces, gaining a reputation for his ability to assist. Toward the end of the Xinghe era, Dao He was appointed as the Grand General of the Imperial Guard and Inspector of Yanzhou, where he was well-liked by the people. In the first year of Wuding, Dao He passed away at the age of fifty-eight. After his death, the court posthumously awarded him the title of Envoy with Special Powers, General of the Cavalry, Chief of the Three Departments, and Inspector of Youzhou.
Dao He's son, Zheng Tong, was an advisor in the Ministry of Works. He was well-known from a young age but was later summoned to Jin Yang, where he fell ill and passed away on the way. Dao He's daughter-in-law, Zheng Shi, who was Zheng Tong's wife, had an illicit relationship with Zheng Tong's younger brother, Zheng Si, and during the Wuding era, she was impeached by the Imperial Censor, and many people condemned her actions.
Dao He's younger brother, Dao Shu, styled You'an, inherited their father's title. He began his career as a Left Minister of Guests in the Ministry of Personnel and later rose to the rank of General of Champion, then served as a Palace Attendant, and eventually passed away.
Daohe's younger brother Daoyuan had another younger brother named Daomin, courtesy name Zhongtong, and his childhood nickname was Hongya. He was very dignified from a young age. During the Taihe era, he was appointed as a minister, but unfortunately, he passed away early. After his death, the court posthumously granted him the titles of General Wei Yuan and Governor of Fanyang, with the posthumous title of Jing. Emperor Gaozu also married his daughter as a concubine. Daomin had five sons.
Lu Yixi, courtesy name Yuanqing, had a high level of scholarship from a young age and was known for his calm and elegant demeanor. When he was nine years old, his father passed away, and he showed deep filial piety. In his youth, he gained the admiration of the official Li Chong. He initially served as a secretary, later promoted to palace attendant and then to Zhonglang of the Minister of Works. During the Shengu era, he was recommended by Wang Cheng, the Prince of Rencheng, and was appointed as a Cavalry Officer, subsequently promoted to General of Champion and Grand Official of Zhong. After his mother passed away, he resigned from his official position.
Wang Song, the Governor of Youzhou, had a good relationship with Lu Yixi and often wrote in letters to old friends like Li Shenjun, “General Lu is here; we often visit each other and can stay for several days each time, discussing political matters together.” This shows Wang Song's high regard for Lu Yixi. Prince Qi, Xiao Baoyin, wanted him to serve as a military advisor, but he declined, citing health issues. Not long after, he also took on the role of Chief Clerk of the Minister of Works and was appointed as General of Subduing the Enemy and Grand Official of Taizhong. He spent many years living quietly at home, leading a peaceful and content life. Li Shenjun urged him to curry favor with those in power. Lu Yixi said, “One should study the principles of the former kings and hold their aspirations in high regard; how can one flatter others for the sake of wealth and status?”
During the Xiaochang period, he was appointed as a Cavalier Attendant. At that time, Empress Dowager Ling was in power, and the Yellow Gate Attendant Li Shengui wielded significant power and wanted to form an alliance with the Lu family. Lu Yixi anticipated that Li Shengui would ultimately fail, so he turned down the marriage proposal. Wang Song said to Lu Yixi, "Ancient people did not exchange one daughter for five sons. Would you change your mind for this?" Lu Yixi replied, "The reason I refuse is exactly that. If I agree, disaster might be greater and come quicker." Wang Song grasped Lu Yixi's hand tightly and said, "I've heard that you can't go against fate, so I won't tell anyone." So, Wang Song married a woman from another family. On the night before the wedding, Empress Dowager Ling sent the Palace Attendant Fu Jing to Wang Song's house to order the wedding to be stopped. Everyone at Wang Song's house was terrified, but Lu Yixi remained composed. During the Jianyi period, he also served as the Minister of Justice, and soon was promoted to General of the East and Prefect of the Guards. During the Putai period, he was appointed as the Minister of Justice and was also promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry and Left Guanglu Grandee.
It is said that when Yixi was young, there were frequent floods and droughts in Youzhou. He had previously lent tens of thousands of piculs of grain to the common people, but later, due to bad harvests, he burned all the IOUs. The common people were deeply grateful for his generosity. He was generous and gentle, cautious and careful in his actions, didn't socialize casually with others, but had a particularly good relationship with Wei Zijian, telling him everything. Yixi lived a simple life, never pursuing wealth, and although he held high positions, he was often impoverished, eating only wheat and wild vegetables, yet he remained cheerful. During the Yongxi period, he suddenly fell seriously ill. He passed away during the Xinghe period, at the age of sixty-four. The court posthumously appointed him as General, Supervisor of Palace Attendants, and Inspector of Yingzhou, with the posthumous title of Xiaojian.
His son was named Xunzhi and served as a military aide during the Wuding period. Xunzhi's younger brother was named Shiyou and served as a military officer under the Prince of Qi. Yixi's younger brother Yitao, styled Shuyu, served as a military officer in the Ministry of Works, a magistrate in the capital province, a cavalier attendant, and a military advisor in the Ministry of Works. Yixi's son Xiaozhang served as a military officer in the Yitong mansion, but unfortunately passed away at a young age. Yitao's younger brother Yidun, styled Jihe, served as a military officer in the Northern Expeditionary Command. Yixi's grandson Jingkai, styled Zida, served as a military officer in the Yitong mansion during the Wuding period. Yian's younger brother Yian, styled Youren, did not hold any official position. Yixi's younger brothers were all far less capable than them.
Lu Chang, styled Shuda, with the nickname Shiyan, was well-versed in history and classics from a young age and had gained a reputation early on. In the early period of the Taihe era, he was appointed as the Crown Prince's Chamberlain and concurrently as an Imperial Secretariat, and was sent on a mission to Xiao Zhaoye. Emperor Gaozu told Lu Chang, "When you arrive there, do not have any reservations; do not think about the differences in status between you. You will soon arrive in the Jiangyang region; it doesn’t matter whether you arrive early or late, that place will eventually become our territory. If any of you want to say something, say it openly; do not suspect each other if there are any difficulties." The Emperor also instructed the deputy envoy Wang Qingshi, "Don’t hold back just because you’re from the south. If the other party has any thoughts, meet them and talk. Lu Chang is kind and gentle, not very eloquent; if the host or guest asks you to write a poem, do it according to your own level; do not refuse because Lu Chang cannot compose poetry. The principle of the mission is harmony. Do not show off, as that goes against the mission's requirements. You all need to do your best and look out for one another."
Lu Chang arrived there right as Xiao Luan seized the throne, so Gaozu led his troops south to attack, while Lu Chang's brother, Lu Yuan, served as the commander of another force. Xiao Luan treated Lu Chang and his men harshly in response to the court's military action. Lu Chang was not a righteous person to begin with, and when he heard that people in the south said his brother had become a general and he had become a messenger, he was filled with fear and broke out in a cold sweat. Xiao Luan served them spoiled rice, foul fish, rotten shrimp, and beans. However, the attendant Zhang Sinin stood his ground and refused to yield, ultimately sacrificing himself heroically in the residence. When Lu Chang returned, Gaozu rebuked him, saying, "Accepting a mission should come with honor; even if exiled to the ends of the earth, one should uphold their integrity until death. You can't even uphold your integrity, which is truly disgraceful. Why would you act so servile, groveling like a dog? In life, everyone faces birth, aging, sickness, and death, each with their own lifespan. If you could sacrifice yourself for glory and leave a lasting legacy, how wonderful would that be? Why would you willingly eat such coarse food to humiliate your monarch and father? Even if you can't be as steadfast as Su Wu, you should at least have the dignity of Zhang Sinin!" Lu Chang replied, "My abilities are not as good as Lu Jia and Sui He, yet I was appointed as an envoy to Min Yue. Just as Xiao Luan was incompetent and cruel, indiscriminately killing innocents. I am worried that I cannot serve the emperor anymore, return home to care for my elderly mother, and can only live in disgrace. I have betrayed the emperor's mission and deserve the ultimate punishment. Please let me serve as a magistrate and accept punishment." He was subsequently dismissed from his official post. After some time, he was appointed as an advisor to the Prince of Pengcheng, and later elevated to the position of Secretary of the Imperial Secretariat. In the early years of the Jingming era, he was appointed as a Deputy Secretary of the Imperial Secretariat, then promoted to the Yellow Gate Attendant and Chief Imperial Secretary of the Province. Lu Chang requested a transfer, but Emperor Sizong refused his request. He was later promoted to Cavalier In Regular Attendance and concurrently served as a Minister.
A white mouse was captured in Luoyang County. Wang Chang presented a memorial saying:
After carefully consulting historical records, it is revealed that in ancient border regions, if provincial governors, 2,000 shi officials, and county magistrates failed to properly execute imperial orders, cruelly oppressed the people, and caused public grievances to escalate, white mice would appear. I have heard that auspicious signs do not manifest without reason; they can only be bestowed upon those who uphold morality; evil omens do not appear randomly; the occurrence of disasters and anomalies signifies wrongdoing. Therefore, in ancient times, some monarchs lost their virtue because they ignored auspicious signs, while others established merit by taking disasters seriously. This serves as a lesson worth heeding from ancient times to the present, and a warning that has been heeded for thousands of years. Recently, disasters have been frequent, and the movement of the sun has been abnormal. Your Majesty, you have shown compassion for the people's suffering, much like the ancient sage kings, ordering the excavation of a moat to seek divine protection, expressing deep remorse for the innocent suffering of the people. Your decrees to appoint the virtuous and dismiss the wicked rival the virtue of Emperor Yao; your willingness to heed advice from your subjects mirrors the achievements of Emperor Shun. I have diligently reviewed your edict and observed these signs and admonitions, and I respectfully offer my opinions as a precaution.
Sigh, a farmer barely scrapes by on what they grow, and a weaver barely has enough to wear. But in recent years, wars have been relentless! In Jingzhou and Yangzhou, the troops have never stopped; in Zhongli and Yiyang, the army has been in and out constantly. Plus, the tribes in the Jingman region are both fierce and cunning, and when the imperial army is dispatched to suppress them, soldiers endure harsh conditions, facing scorching summers and freezing winters. In Runan and Yingchuan, nearly every household has someone serving in the military; in Hanoi and Jizhou, able-bodied men are constantly conscripted to transport supplies. And war doesn’t guarantee victory; even if they lose, they still bear the burden of logistics, with deaths, injuries, and fleeing, nine out of ten families are affected. The heavy corvée labor just keeps getting worse; the harsh military service and corrupt officials are running rampant. As a result, fields are left untended and overgrown, and villages are filled with hungry people, even the silkworms cannot be fed. Meanwhile, inspectors are pocketing bribes while pretending to do their jobs, while the powerful landlords bully the common people. The common folks have to sell their clothes just to pay their taxes, tightening their belts just to get through the day. This is all because most local officials are just incompetent; there are no wise governors like Huang Ba in the commandery, nor honest county magistrates like Lu Gong in the counties. They don’t think about how to help the people; they only care about fixing up their own homes. So, the common people sigh and grumble to each other as they walk; the corruption of local officials has even made its way to the court. In recent years, judges have been trying cases, sentencing many in hopes of setting an example. But later investigations found that many verdicts broke the law. Some officials twisted the law for personal gain, handing out lenient sentences to their favorites; others accepted bribes and granted favors arbitrarily. The officials impeached by the censor all claim to be wronged; those appealing for the wronged say they are innocent. As a result, this behavior sets a bad example for others, getting worse over time. Honest folks see this and just give up; those who do wrong only get bolder.
Things have gotten extremely serious!
Your Majesty, I hope you can see through the subtleties and understand the root causes of these disasters. Summon the ministers to gain a comprehensive understanding of state affairs; summon the advisors to gather extensively the people's grievances. Care for the elderly and the lonely, reduce harsh taxes; reduce corvée labor to allow the people to rest and recuperate. Promote upright and loyal officials, appoint them to assist in governing the state; dismiss corrupt and greedy officials, driving them out of the court. In this way, the Nine Ministers of State will maintain respect without frequent reminders, the hundred counties will abide by the laws without strict enforcement, and the people will thrive and be filled with hope for the future!
The imperial edict has been issued, stating: "I have inherited the legacy of my ancestors, diligently following the laws they left behind, with a steadfast commitment to stabilizing the realm and ensuring the people live and work in peace. However, we are currently in a time of turmoil, with no auspicious signs in sight; instead, ominous portents have emerged in these chaotic times. The problems facing the realm are my responsibility. Minister, I welcome your strategies for the nation, your sound advice, and your candid counsel; I deeply appreciate it." He was then promoted to the position of Palace Attendant and concurrently served as the Minister of Personnel, soon officially taking on the role of Palace Attendant. This person is named Chang; he simply did his job diligently without any remarkable achievements. He conspired with Palace Attendant Yuan Hui and others, gaining the favor of Emperor Shizong, a fact that many contemporaries deemed unworthy of praise.
Later, he was appointed as the General of Eastern Town and the Inspector of Xuzhou. In the summer of the fourth year of Yongping, Chang submitted a report stating: "The commoners of Langya County, such as Wang Wanshou, have secretly contacted me, expressing their willingness to submit to the court, and said that Qushan Garrison can now be attacked, indicating a chance. I assured them I would reward them and allowed them to return. On the night of March 24, Wang Wanshou and others led the allied forces to attack Qucheng, killing Xiao Yan's General of the State and the governors of Langya County and Dongguan County, as well as the commander of Qushan Garrison, Liu Yi, and over forty soldiers, and sent their severed heads to the prefecture. I immediately sent Zhang Tianhui, who also served as the deputy commander of Tancheng Garrison, to lead two hundred elite soldiers for reinforcement. Troops from various garrisons in Langya were also sent to reinforce, while Xiao Yan's troops from Yuzhou had already dispatched two armies to intercept Zhang Tianhui. Zhang Tianhui and Wang Wanshou, with internal and external support, killed hundreds of enemies and successfully took Qucheng."
After the emperor received the report, he said to Chang: "Pengcheng and Songcheng are located on the border and connected to the Huaihai region; controlling these two places is crucial and of great merit. Qushan is an important strategic pass, key to defending against the enemy, with convenient water and land transportation; it is the essential route between Yangzhou and Yuzhou, where many bandits gather, disturbing Qingzhou, Guangzhou, Qizhou, and Yanzhou. You have skillfully devised a plan, captured the city, eliminated the enemy, and expanded the territory; this is truly a great achievement! Your contributions are significant, and I commend you highly. Therefore, I will send Yan Zunyao, the chief aide, to bring rewards to show my appreciation. The Qushan Garrison is fundamental to Yuzhou, crucial to its survival. Now that the Qushan Garrison has fallen, Xiao Yan will definitely not take this lying down; they have been cut off at a critical juncture and will surely find a way to rescue it. It is currently the rainy season, and you must strengthen the defenses. You should think carefully about defense and counterattack strategies, and then report back to me in detail."
Chang Shang said, "Xiao Yan sent Zhang Ji, Ma Xianpin, Yin Qian, and others to lead their troops to station at various dams; Chang Yizhi, Zhang Huishao, Wang Shenian, Wang Maoguang, and others received Xiao Yan's orders and gradually increased their troops from Jianye. All of Xiao Yan's plans are focused on this. Assessing our strength and looking at the enemy's situation, this may not be easy to deal with. Why? We only have nine thousand troops, while the enemy has forty thousand, all famous generals and elite soldiers, gathering from all around, relying on the hot weather to prepare for a desperate battle, wanting to take advantage of their numbers to secure their stronghold. Therefore, Xiao Yan is going all out with this attack, not just for Qushan. He probably wants our army to defend Liuli Bridge, occupy Hukou, and then cut off traffic from the south to Huai Pu, which would make the situation unpredictable. Maritime taxes and salt supplies will be interrupted, and tribute will not be delivered on time. I'm concerned about the bigger picture. Xiao Yan is sure to fight fiercely. If the court wants to take military action and make an impact, it must select elite soldiers and increase troops, prepare more food and weapons to contend with them. Stalemate until autumn; when the weather changes, it will be easier to launch an attack. To achieve victory, now is a critical moment. I request an increase of six thousand troops and one hundred thousand measures of grain; if not possible, please deliberate and make a decision in court."
Chang also reported: "The enemy troops are gathering in large numbers, with a strong fighting force. They have set up camps at Xushan and stationed at Menjing, surrounding the fortified city. They are launching continuous attacks day and night. I am afraid that the enemy's momentum will only grow stronger, making it even more difficult to deal with in the future. I suggest that General Zhao Xia, the Barbarian Conqueror, lead the existing army to engage the enemy in a decisive battle. Zhao Xia is concerned about insufficient military strength, fearing that a defeat in battle would affect morale. Therefore, he wishes to wait for the main army to arrive before launching a brave attack. I don't think this strategy is reckless. Furthermore, I was originally ordered to defend and wait for the cool autumn breeze before taking action. Now that it is already autumn and the cool autumn breeze is blowing, it is time to act according to the plan. Moreover, the road east of Baokou is clear, and there is no accumulated water between Xushan and Gucheng. We should seize the opportunity and quickly attack the border. Since summer, the enemy has been constantly fighting in armor, with continuous camps north of Liqiao. The conscripted soldiers are already worn out. If our main army presses forward, we're bound to achieve a swift victory. If we take one city, the others will likely crumble, and we can easily pursue and win. If the army delays, the enemy will only get bolder, our soldiers will become worried, and dissent will arise. I request the court to quickly send reinforcements and seize the opportunity."
The imperial edict was issued: "If Xushan can be captured, all the credit will go to Chang. The strategy of pursuing victory will ultimately depend on him. Therefore, he has been in command since the start of the campaign, and all previous military deployments are to be handled by him. Now that he requests reinforcements, we should meet his requests promptly. Four thousand mid-tier soldiers from the Yulin and Huben Armies from Jizhou, Dingzhou, Yingzhou, and Xiangzhou should be dispatched to support him."
The Emperor issued another decree to Chang, saying: "Capturing Mount Qushan depends entirely on you! Expanding our territory is a long-term strategy. However, the war is not yet completely over. Besides you, who else can bear this heavy responsibility? Those traitors who die like ants, foolishly attempting to undermine our great kingdom; heaven will take care of these little thieves; it is all destined. That's why I had you personally command before, but later I heard you were still unwell, so I chose to wait for further updates. Now that you are better, follow the previous decree, take up your weapons, strive for progress, and eliminate the enemy! I have already dispatched fifty thousand troops; they will arrive quickly, and then you can act according to your previous plan. You are responsible for cutting off their southeastern retreat; make good use of your strategies!"
The Emperor issued another decree to Chang, saying: "Deploying troops at Mount Qushan was also your suggestion; the success of this operation rests on your shoulders. You requested reinforcements due to a shortage of troops, and your request has now been met. I heard that the land route in Eastern Tang is extremely narrow; apart from the only road, everything else is flooded. The enemy will definitely hold this road to sever our supply lines. If this is the case, do you have any other strategies? If you have any clever plans, report them quickly. I also heard that the generals of Yan's army have been spreading rumors, saying that Wei Bo, Huai Yang, and Su Yu should be addressed on both sides. If this is true, estimate how long the military supplies for Mount Qushan can last. If the situation permits back-and-forth travel, send a fast horse to deliver the message quickly. If the military supplies are running low and urgently need replenishing, find a solution on your own. If the situation does not allow for this, then you will have to make your own decision."
Chang was originally a scholar by nature, and his military skills were not strong. Moreover, his subordinates Sima Yangzhi and Zi Xie were in charge of military affairs and misled Chang, causing resentment among the soldiers. Fu Wenji, the defender of Qushan, ran out of supplies and opened the city gates to surrender to the Yan forces. Chang fled upon seeing the city fall. The other troops also fled and were caught in a heavy snowstorm, resulting in two-thirds of the soldiers either freezing to death or losing limbs. Since the court began to manage the Jiangnan region, only Prince Yingsheng of Zhongli was defeated in the battle of Zhongli, while Chang was defeated in the battle of Qushan, suffering the heaviest losses. Emperor Shizong sent Huangmen Zhenchen to pursue Chang on a fast horse and investigate his defeat in detail. The emperor issued a decree saying, "The defeat at Qushan was severe, and the responsibility lies with the marshal. Although leniency has been granted, punishments should still be proportionate. Chang can be relieved of his official position and undergo interrogation. All other generals and below will have their official positions restored according to the amnesty decree." Shortly thereafter, Chang was appointed Minister of Ceremonies, concurrently serving as the General of Anxi and Inspector of Yongzhou, and later promoted to General of Zhenxi and appointed as a Cavalry Attendant. In the first year of Xiping, Chang died in office. The court posthumously granted him the title General Who Conquers the North and Inspector of Jizhou, and posthumously honored him with the title "Mu." Lu Chang was kind and compassionate, adept at reassuring the people. When the soldiers stationed in Xuzhou fell ill, he personally went to visit and check on them. Even soldiers whose service terms had ended but had not yet returned home were allowed to remain in the army until he stepped down and let them go home. The common folk held him in high regard. His son Lu Yuanyu, styled Zhongxun, lacked any notable talents. He married Princess Yiyang, the daughter of the founding emperor, and was appointed as the Imperial Guard Commander. He later held the positions of Marshal, Grandee of the Palace, and was posthumously elevated to the position of Director of the Imperial Library. His son Lu Shisheng served as a Registrar in the Household of Ceremonies.
Lu Yuanyu's fifth younger brother, Lu Yuanming, styled Youzhang. He was well-read, boasting remarkable literary talent, an elegant demeanor, and proper conduct. In the early years of Yong'an, he also served as the Minister of Works, and Prince Linhuai, Xiao Yu, valued him highly. After Xiao Yu established his own manor, he brought him on as a part-time official and tasked him with leading his troops. After Emperor Gaozu ascended the throne, Lu Yuanming took part in ceremonies as a court official and was granted the title of Viscount of Chengyang County, and later promoted to the position of Lang in the Ministry of Personnel. In the later years of Yongxi, he resided in Mount Qiu in Luodong and wrote the "Ode to Seclusion." At that time, his friend Wang You was living in Yingchuan and suddenly dreamed that Wang You visited him with wine, said goodbye, and even composed a poem for him. Upon waking up, Lu Yuanming remembered ten words from the poem: "Since then, no longer wandering the market or court." Lu Yuanming sighed, "Wang You was a man of integrity who steered clear of the mundane world. Dreaming of something like this now must mean something bad is happening." Three days later, he indeed heard the news of Wang You being killed by marauders. The day Wang You died was the same night he had the dream. During the Tianping period, Lu Yuanming also served as a Lang in the Ministry of Personnel and accompanied Li Xie as a deputy envoy to Xiao Yan, earning high praise from the southern people. Upon returning to the court, he was appointed Deputy Minister of Works and later transferred to Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, overseeing the court's daily affairs. He worked in the Imperial Academy for many years, never actively sought fame. He also served as a Gentleman of the Yellow Gate and Chief Justice of Benzhou. Lu Yuanming knew how to position himself, not one to make friends casually, but he loved drinking and writing poetry, often losing track of time. Fond of metaphysics, he wrote dozens of essays called "New Discussions on Historical Works," and his writings were compiled into a collection as well. When he was young, he often traveled back to Luoyang from the countryside, where he met the Inspector of Xiangzhou, Prince Zhongshan Yuanxi. Yuanxi was a knowledgeable and talented man, and upon seeing Lu Yuanming, he remarked, "Lu Lang, with such demeanor, as long as you read more of 'Li Sao' and drink good wine, you’ll definitely become a valuable asset in the future." He invited him to stay at his manor for a few days, and then gifted him cloth and horses before they parted ways. Lu Yuanming married three times overall; his second wife, Zheng, had an affair with his nephew, Lu Shiqi, but Lu Yuanming couldn't cut ties with her. He also liked to brag about his family status, which drew criticism from the public at the time.
Yuan Ming had a younger brother named Yuan Ji, with the courtesy name You Xu. He had a fiery temper and was particularly fond of drinking. Once, he had a banquet at home with his wife, but got angry over a small matter and killed a guest in a fit of rage. Later, he became a Secretary Lang and was later promoted to Minister of Rites. He gradually rose to Assistant General, Minister of Works, Governor of Youzhou, and ultimately died in office. After his death, he was posthumously awarded the titles of Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, Commander of Military Affairs in You and Ying Provinces, General of the Valiant Cavalry, Minister of Personnel, and Governor of Youzhou, and was posthumously given the title "Xuan".
His son, Yuan Shi Shen, served as a military officer known as a Chief Military Advisor.
Yuan Ming's other brother was named Yuan Shang Zhi, with the courtesy name Ji Ru, and his nickname was Xian Xia. He was renowned for his elegance and refinement and was highly respected. During the Taihe era, he was appointed as a Gentleman of Discussion, later promoted to Staff Officer for the Prince of Zhao's Eastern Expedition. After his mother's death, he resigned from his position and returned home to observe the mourning period. He later served as Chief Clerk of the Grand Commandant, Attendant of the Minister of Works, Prefect of Fanyang, Chief Imperial Secretary of Zhangwu, concurrently as Chief Clerk of the Minister of Works, and was bestowed the title of Champion General, then promoted to Chief Clerk of the Minister of Works. He was later appointed as General and Governor of Jizhou. Upon returning to the court, he was appointed as a Palace Attendant. He passed away in the fifth year of Zhengguang, at the age of sixty-two. After his death, he was posthumously awarded the titles of Cavalier Attendant-in-Ordinary, General of the Eastern Campaign, and Governor of Qingzhou.
Yuan Shang Zhi's eldest son was Yuan Wen Fu, with the courtesy name Yuan You. He had grand ambitions from a young age, was well-read, and gained considerable fame. He later became a Military Advisor to the Minister of Works and passed away at the age of forty-nine years.
His son, Yuan Jing Shu, was exceptionally talented in literature but sadly passed away in his youth.
Yuan Wenfu's younger brother, Yuan Wenyin, was styled Zhongyou. In his youth, he was known for his frivolous personality, but he gradually matured. He held the position of an official but resigned to care for his parents back home. During the Yong'an period, he served as a military governor, guarding three cities in Fanyang and successfully defending against Han Lou's forces, for which he was granted the title of Fanyangzi. During the Yongxi period, he was appointed as Right General and Grand Minister of the Interior. He eventually passed away in seclusion in the countryside at the age of sixty. His son, Yuan Shiwei, served as a Central Scatter Official during the Xinghe period.
Yuan Wenyin's brother is Yuan Wenfu, styled Shuxi, who had a straightforward character. He held various official positions, including Supervisor of the Imperial Guard and Minister of Guests, later being promoted to the position of Cavalry Commandant. He died during the Yong'an period at the age of forty. His son, Yuan Ziqian, served as a Central Military Officer in the court of King Wenxiang of Qi during the Wuding period.
Li Dushi was the nephew of the Li family. While serving as an official in Jizhou, he served during a time when the country had just been pacified and cities were being rebuilt. His maternal uncle’s wife, Mrs. Fu, and the wife of the Yanzhou Inspector, Mrs. Jia (who is Mrs. Fu's niece), both lost their husbands during the turmoil and were left old and ill, living in dire circumstances. Dushi, viewing them as relatives, took special care of them. Whenever he visited Mrs. Fu, he would kneel to ask about her well-being, often bringing her clothes, bedding, and food; he extended similar care to Mrs. Jia, providing for her clothing, food, and shelter.
After Qingzhou fell, many members of the Cui family suffered a decline in their fortunes, but Dushi managed to redeem many of them. Later, his descendants, Yuan, Chang, and others, inherited their father's virtues, showing great respect to both near and distant relatives. Their family traditions and etiquette were praised by all. Dushi was known for his humility and caution, never seeking to compete with others. After the passing of his parents, he and his brothers lived together and managed the family's assets. From ancestors to grandchildren, there were over a hundred people in the household. Despite the challenges posed by a famine in Luoyang, they maintained order, ensuring that everyone had enough to eat and wear, sharing both joys and sorrows. His brothers paid their respects to their father and elders daily, spending time in another room until returning to their own at night. Apart from official duties, they did not casually make friends and always treated each other with respect. Three of them became officials, which was considered an honor at that time.
However, after the deaths of Yuan, Chang, and their father, the family's virtues declined, with many descendants engaging in improper behavior, which led to criticism from society. Dushi's cousin, Shenbao, once held the position of scholar in the imperial academy. During the Taihe era, Emperor Gaozu married his daughter to Prince Gaoyang Yong, making her Shenbao's son-in-law.
Dushi's cousin, Pu, served as a local official in the coastal regions during the era of Murong Bao. He killed over a dozen relatives in his village, declared himself General of the North and Inspector of Youzhou, and plundered counties. During the Tianxing era, he was captured and punished by the court, as noted in the "Imperial Annals."
Pu's great-grandson, Hong, also referred to as Zengsun, served as a scholar in the imperial academy during the Taihe era, later advancing to the roles of military advisor to Prince Gaoyang Yong, magistrate of Yangping in Youzhou, and prefect of Yangping and Le'an in Yizhou. Hong was the father of three sons.
His eldest son Chong, courtesy name Yuanli, was well-regarded in his youth, and knowledgeable people believed he would achieve great things in the future. During the Jingming years, he served as a military officer in the Bureau of Cavalry, but unfortunately died young.
Chong's son Zigang served as a military officer under the Minister of Works and as a military officer in the Bureau of Cavalry in Jingzhou; he died in Guanzhong.
Lu Zhongyi, nicknamed Heizi, was a well-known figure at that time. He served as a military officer under Prince Gao Yang Yong, as an official in the imperial court, and as a deputy magistrate in Youzhou, and held a respectable position.
His younger brother Lu Shuju, courtesy name Zigui, served as a Gentleman of the Imperial Secretariat during the Wuding years. Zigui's son Lu Zheng served as a military officer under the Minister of Personnel. Although the official positions of the Lu Zhongyi brothers were not particularly high, when it came to marriage, they were well-matched with prestigious families!
Another brother of Lu Zhongyi was Lu Gan, courtesy name Youzhen, who worked as a chief clerk in the province. His son Lu Rang served as a military officer under the Grand Chancellor.
Lu Hong's younger brother Lu Guangzong, his son Lu Guan, and Lu Guan's younger brother Lu Zhongxuan—all their achievements are recorded in the "Biographies of Literature." Lu Zhongxuan's younger brother Lu Shuhu served as a military officer under the Grand Chancellor in the early Wuding period.
Lu Hong's cousin Lu Fubo and Lu Fubo's younger brother Lu Shibo were both highly knowledgeable and talented. Lu Fubo became the chief historian of Pingdong Prefecture in Cangzhou. Lu Shibo served as the Grand General of the Imperial Guard and as the governor of Nanchi Prefecture during the Yongxi years, holding an important position.
Lu Shibo's cousin Lu Wenwei reached the position of Grand General of Cavalry and governor of Qingzhou during the Xihe years, and was also granted the title of Baron of Daxia County, truly a member of the nobility.
Historians say: the Lu Xuan family is renowned, their ancestors received accolades from the court, and their descendants have all achieved success, truly a prosperous lineage. They have numerous literary and martial achievements that are hard to fully document, but they were greatly esteemed in their time, enjoying a prominent reputation, all due to their virtues and knowledge exceeding those of ordinary people. Lu Yuan's brothers were also exceptionally talented. While the family enjoyed a good reputation, their descendants failed to fully inherit the admirable qualities of their ancestors. Is this legacy somewhat lacking?
