Zhao Yi, courtesy name Siqun, was from Tianshui. His ancestors were remarkable, with his tenth-generation ancestor being a Grand Minister of Ceremonies in the Han Dynasty. His father, Zhao Chang, served as a Palace Attendant under Shi Le. Zhao Yi had a passion for learning from a young age and was exceptionally knowledgeable. Later, he worked under Yao Xing and became a Minister of the Interior. He also served as a general, leading troops against Helian Qugai, but was ultimately defeated and captured, subsequently becoming a Clerk of Writings. Later, Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei subdued Tongwancheng and, upon seeing articles written by Zhao Yi, was enraged and exclaimed, "This kid talks nonsense, how dare he write such things! Who wrote this? Find out for me!" Minister Cui Hao quickly stepped forward and spoke in his defense, saying, "He wrote incorrectly, just like Yang Xiong praising new things. Your Majesty should be tolerant." Emperor Taiwu calmed down and reinstated Zhao Yi as Minister of the Interior. On the third day of the third month in the third year of Shenyuan, the Emperor held a poetry gathering at the White Tiger Hall, where Zhao Yi's poetry received widespread acclaim. He later became a General of Ning Shuo and the Commander of Chicheng Town, governing the border region for over a decade and ensuring the people's peace. He requested retirement multiple times, which was eventually granted after considerable time. Zhao Yi had a special interest in studying ancient classics and continued learning even in his old age, still deeply engrossed in his studies even at over seventy years of age. He wrote over fifty poems, essays, inscriptions, and praises. Zhao Yi's elder brother, Zhao Wen, courtesy name Sigong, was also a talented and learned individual who was well-respected. He served as the Prefect of Tianshui under Yao Hong. After Liu Yu defeated Yao Hong, Zhao Wen was killed by the Di people. Yang Nandang, the son of the Di King Yang Sheng, occupied Hanzhong and appointed Zhao Wen as the General of Fuguo and the Inspector of Qinliang. Later, Yang Nandang proclaimed himself a vassal, and Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei appointed Zhao Wen as Yang Nandang's Prefect of the Household. Zhao Wen eventually died in Chouchi. Zhao Yi's eldest son was Zhao Guangxia, who served as a Scholar of the Palace; his third son, Zhao Yan, is mentioned in "The Biography of Filial Piety."
At first, Yao Chang promoted Zhao Yi's uncle to the position of Left Chancellor, but he later passed away in Chang'an. After Liu Yu defeated Yao Hong, he moved all of Zhao Yi's descendants to Jianye. Zhao Yi's great-grandson, Zhao Yi's descendant Zhao Yi, along with his cousins Zhao Chaozong, Zhao Lingsheng, Zhao Xia, Zhao Shulong, and Zhao Mu, gradually returned to the north to surrender to the Northern Wei during the Taihe and Jingming eras. Although Zhao Yi had only read a few books, he was perceptive and talented. He first served as the governor of Pingchang with excellent political achievements. Later, he joined the military and was promoted to Chief of Staff to the General of Zhenyuan, gaining the favor of Commander Yuan You. He was eventually promoted to Grand Master of Ceremonies. After his death, he was posthumously awarded the title of Left General and Inner Minister of Qizhou.
Speaking of Chaozong, he was quite tall, standing a towering eight feet tall, and was quite skilled in military affairs. During the Taihe years, he became the Chief of Staff of Pingnan Prefecture in Yuzhou, concurrently serving as the governor of Runan, and was later promoted to Jianwei General, granted the title of Earl of Xunyang. He later advanced to the central government as a General of Imperial Edicts. While serving in Runan, he accepted quite a few bribes and offered numerous favors to Wang Xiang, the Grand Tutor of Beihai. Wang Xiang reported this matter to Emperor Shizong, which led to Chaozong's demotion and appointment as General of Imperial Edicts and Conquering General, as well as the governor of Qizhou. He was later transferred to Hedong as governor, where he ultimately passed away in office. Interestingly, while in Hedong, he turned over a new leaf, became honest and loved the people, and the local people fondly remembered him. After his death, the court posthumously conferred upon him the titles of General and Governor of Huazhou, and he was given the posthumous name Chengbo. His son Yi succeeded him in his title and later served as a Court Attendant and a Minister of Personnel.
Chao Zong's younger brother is named Ling Sheng, who is also very tall, standing over eight feet, with a wild personality and great strength. He served as the governor of Hebei and Hengnong counties, but unfortunately was impeached for corruption by the censors. He was later pardoned during a general amnesty. During the reign of Emperor Shengui, he was appointed as the General of the Rear, Grand Master of Palace Attendants, and later served as the governor of Hengnong, where he passed away. Ling Sheng was particularly fond of a concubine named Pan, neglecting his legal wife, Yang, which led to a lawsuit that exposed each other's secrets and scandals.
As for Chao Zong's other brother, Xia, he began his career as a military commander and fought alongside Gaozu in the battles of Nanyang. In the early years of the Jingming era, he was appointed as the commander of Liangcheng Garrison and was besieged by Xiao Yan's army. Due to his steadfast defense and military accomplishments, he was granted the title of Duke of Muping County and given a fief of two hundred households. He later served as the General of the Left Army and Acting General for Conquering Barbarians, overseeing military affairs in the Badong region and defending Nanzheng. At that time, Xiao Yan's Champion General, Military Commander Jiang Xiu, stationed twenty thousand troops at Yangkou, Deputy General Jiang Bailong occupied the South City, Longxiang General Quan Jian led the local people north to Sangpi, Jiang Xiu sent troops to occupy Xingshi, Longxiang General Tan Siwen occupied Jiashi, and Provincial Inspector Wang Sengbing stationed at Nan'an. They incited the local tribes, attempting to seize Nanzheng. General Xia led nine thousand soldiers in a series of attacks, defeating the enemy across hundreds of miles, resulting in the deaths of over five thousand enemy soldiers.
He was then appointed Deputy General and assigned as the Prefect of Xingyang. At that time, Ma Xianpin, serving under Xiao Yan, was besieging Qucheng, and the garrison commander Fu Wenji held the city. He was entrusted with a heavy responsibility, wielding a baton and temporarily appointed as General Pacifying the East, leading the vanguard to relieve the siege along with Liu Sizu and others.
Arriving at Baokou, fifty miles still lay ahead to Qucheng, and the rain fell in torrents. However, he led his troops forward in the rain and quickly reached the vicinity of Qucheng. Seeing that his camp was not yet set up, Ma Xianjun led his troops to charge and attack. Liu Sizu, with the troops from Pengcheng and Peixian, realized the situation was dire and took flight. He single-handedly faced the odds and unexpectedly defeated Ma Xianjun, killing Ma Xianjun's subordinate, General Zhi Ge, and commanders Li Rusheng and Ge Jingyu, among others. Previously, Ma Xianjun had deployed forces to the west of Qucheng, blocking the river and erecting barricades, intending to besiege the city. He personally infiltrated the enemy camp, assessed the water depth, constructed a straw raft, and quietly made his way across while biting down on a cloth strip. He broke through six barricades in one breath and lifted the siege on Qucheng.
When he went to rescue Qucheng, Governor Lu Chang also arrived with a large army shortly after. But it wasn't long before Fu Wenji could no longer withstand the pressure, and the city fell, surrendering to the enemy, causing our troops to collapse. Lu Chang abandoned his staff and fled on horseback, returning alone with just his staff. It was mid-winter, bitterly cold, and the soldiers who perished from the cold lay from Qushan to Tancheng, two hundred miles, their bodies lying in heaps. Lu Chang had lost even his ceremonial retinue and went to Tancheng to borrow a staff, trying to save face. He lost his position due to this defeat.
Later, during the Yan Chang years, he was reinstated as a Grand Minister of Rites, still wielding a staff, temporarily granted the title of General of the Front, and went to defend the western Jing area; later, he followed Xiao Baoyin as a vanguard in the eastern campaign at Huaiyan. During the Xiping years, he was appointed as General of the West and Governor of Fen Prefecture, but ultimately became embroiled in corruption in the province, earning a notorious reputation that spread far and wide. He eventually died and was posthumously bestowed the titles of General of Annam and Governor of Yuzhou, with the posthumous title of Xiang. His son, Zixian, inherited his title, and Zixian's fourth son, Zisu, became a military advisor in the Ministry of War.
Uncle Shulong was originally an infantry captain. At the beginning of the Yongping era, he rebelled alongside the common people of Xuanhe City under the leadership of Bai Zaosheng. Later, General Xing Luan pacified Yuzhou and captured Shulong, but chose to spare him. After that, Shulong rose to power through bribery, eventually becoming the Chief of the Western Office in Qinzhou and was also promoted to General Zhenyuan. Qinzhou is a wealthy region, far from the capital, and Shulong colluded with the envoy Yuan Xiuyi to amass a vast fortune through plunder. He eventually attained the ranks of Champion General and Zhongsan Grand Master, and then was promoted to Left Army General and Taizhong Grand Master. He also bribed the Minister of Works Liu Teng and was appointed as the Internal Minister of Zhongshan. During his time as an official in Zhongshan, he achieved nothing noteworthy, relying solely on bribery to advance. Shulong was cunning and treacherous, utterly immoral and ungrateful. He was initially pardoned for his rebellion in Xuanhe City, thanks to the assistance of his cousin, General Zhao Wenxiang, but afterwards, he showed no gratitude and even severed ties with Zhao Wenxiang. Zhao Wenxiang, being magnanimous, bore no grudge against Shulong. When Zhao Wenxiang became the Internal Minister of Runan, he even assisted Shulong with his family matters. Later, after Zhao Wenxiang passed away, Shulong neglected the descendants of Zhao Wenxiang, and people of the time held him in contempt. Mr. Mu was an accomplished writer with exceptional literary talent, serving as a Sima in Pingxi Prefecture in Fenzhou. As Yizhou faced imminent destruction, General Yuan Yi recommended Mr. Mu to the court, and he was subsequently appointed as the Governor of Runan.
Hu Fanghui, from Anding Linjing, was the son of Hu Yizhou, Yao Hong's Yellow Gate Attendant. Hu Fanghui himself served as a Central Secretariat Attendant under Helian Qu Gaix. He was well-read and exceptionally talented in literature. He was renowned for his works, including "Inscription of Tongwan City" and "Snake Temple Stele," which he wrote for Helian Qu Gaix. After Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei defeated Helian Chang, Hu Fanghui returned to serve the Northern Wei dynasty. Initially not appreciated by the court for his talent, he later became the Sima of Beizhen, writing memorials praising the town's merits and virtues. Emperor Taiwu was greatly impressed after reading them and inquired about the author. Upon learning it was Hu Fanghui, he appointed him as a Central Secretariat Scholar and bestowed upon him the title of Marquis of Linjing. He was later promoted to Attendant and collaborated with You Ya, the Crown Prince's tutor, and others to revise the laws. Minister Cui Hao and other court officials highly esteemed him. Hu Fanghui was recognized for his integrity and steadfastness to his principles, and he passed away peacefully at an old age.
Hu Fanghui's son, Hu Shichang, was also a man of noble character who inherited his father's virtues and served as the Chief Secretary in the Southern Region. His son, Hu Chousun, held various positions, including Scholar of the Central Secretariat, Secretary, and Imperial Physician. Their family never engaged in trade and lived in dire poverty. Unfortunately, all his brothers died young.
Hu Sou, whose courtesy name was Lun Xu, was a native of Anding Linjing. His family was part of a prestigious family from the Western Xia. Hu Sou was exceptionally intelligent from a young age, able to analyze difficult problems and explain reasoning at the age of thirteen, which made him well-known in his village. Few adults could refute his insights. He did not need a teacher for his studies, and when friends advised him to find one, he said, "The words of the sages are profound and unparalleled; only the Book of Changes (Yijing) can match it. Even with the Book of Changes, I feel I can only understand half of it. Those Confucian scholars today can only make superficial distinctions between yin and yang; how could they possibly delve into such profound mysteries? Pursuing the Great Way is impossible now." Later, he read widely across various texts, memorizing them completely. He enjoyed writing, producing elegant articles as well as easily understandable texts.
As the Yao Qin regime faced imminent decline, he went to Chang'an to observe the social atmosphere, living in seclusion for fear of being recognized. At that time, the Prefect of Jingzhao, Wei Zusuo, although he had read some classics, held his peers in contempt. When he learned that Hu Sou had arrived, he summoned him. Wei Zusuo was casual in his interactions, not giving Hu Sou the respect he deserved. After chatting casually with him for a while, Hu Sou left. Wei Zusuo insisted on keeping him, saying, "I wanted to discuss the relationship between heaven and man with you; why are you being so presumptuous?" Hu Sou replied, "Those who discuss the relationship between heaven and man have long since passed away. We have just met; why are you being so presumptuous?" With that, he left. Upon returning to his residence, he wrote an article comparing the Wei and Du families, completing it in a single night when he was just eighteen. The article was historically accurate, relevant to the current events, and free of any vulgar language. People were in awe of his talent and wary of his pen. This article is still circulated today, often recounted as a humorous anecdote.
Hu Sou wandered alone, living in hardship and not finding a path to an official career, so he went to Hanzhong. During Liu Yilong's reign, Feng Yijihan, the governor of Liangzhou and Qinzhou, held Hu Sou in high regard. He gave Hu Sou a low-ranking official position, but it fell short of his ambitions. Soon, Yijihan was transferred to Yizhou, and Hu Sou followed him to Shu, where he gained the admiration of many distinguished scholars. At that time, the monk Facheng in Shu gathered nearly a thousand monks to cast a six-foot tall golden statue. Liu Yilong disdained their gathering and intended to impose harsh penalties on them. Hearing this, Hu Sou quickly made his way to Danyang to speak on behalf of Facheng, ultimately saving him from execution. He then returned to Shu. Facheng was very grateful to him and gave him many precious treasures, valued at over a thousand bolts of cloth. Hu Sou said to Facheng, “People like Xiao He can still give up precious pearls; I am only asking for leniency on his behalf, why do I need wealth?” So he accepted nothing.
I stayed in Yizhou for five or six years, reaching as far north as Yangnandang, then west to Juqu, where Mu Qian didn’t take me seriously at all. I wasn't looking to rely on him, so I wrote a poem for my friend, Cheng Boda from Guangping, to look over. The poem essentially conveys: “A pack of dogs barking at the new guest, petty people secretly sidelining visitors. The straight path has been blocked, and the winding path is not one I should take. I admire the man from Wei, Zhu Tuo, and sympathize with the man from Chu, Qu Yuan. How can I express my sorrow? I can only put my thoughts into letters, confiding in you, my kind friend.” After reading the poem, Cheng Boda said to me, “Although Liangzhou is on the frontier, it has maintained the cultural atmosphere of the Han people since the Zhang family, referring to Zhangye County. Now the court's regulations and systems are in place; why would you want to follow in the footsteps of Zhu Tuo and Qu Yuan?”
I said, "The ancients said: When a nobleman hears the sound of drums, he will think of soldiers going to war. Although the emperor has accepted the legitimacy (referring to the legitimacy of the court), it is not pure enough; although he promotes benevolence and righteousness, he has yet to fully embody them; the remote areas may be backward, yet they arrogantly claim noble titles. Is it possible to achieve great things while only concentrating on minor matters? King Xu Yan retreated his troops back then, which is why he was able to retreat unscathed. I have long wanted to seek refuge in the Wei Kingdom, and now I am temporarily parting with you, not intending for a long separation." Over a year later, Mu Jian was defeated and surrendered. I had already returned to my country earlier, and because I understood the situation, the court appointed me as General of Tiger Might and granted me the title of Viscount. I settled in Miyun, living in a thatched cottage with straw mats, passing time by drinking. I told my friend Jin Cheng Zongshu, "My current life seems to be even better than Jiao Zhongqing's; my aspirations have been fulfilled, and I feel ready to retire now." Later, the court summoned me to the capital, and I expressed my gratitude and presented a poem. Emperor Gaozong once summoned me and Zongshu to draft an edict to attack Liu Jun and the Rouran. Zongshu's writing was inferior to mine, and he later returned home.
This old man did not focus on his career, often hungry and poor, but he did not feel ashamed at all. He adopted a child and named him Mingling, relying on this child to support himself. Every time he went to the mansions of officials and nobles, he always rode a scrawny old cow, wearing tattered leather pants and cloth shirts. He carried a cloth bag that could hold three or four measures of grain, and after satisfying his hunger and thirst, he would give the remaining meat cakes to Mingling. He looked down on those fancy carriages and well-dressed folks. Minister Li Fu once offered him money, but he did not accept any of it.
At first, when the old man saw Gao Yun for the first time, he said, "The relationship between Wu Qi and Zheng Xiu is a good topic of conversation using fine linen and white silk; my relationship with you is a secret gift using coarse clothing and leather. From this perspective, there is nothing to be ashamed of between us." At Gao Yun's mansion, the old man met Zhao Jun, the Minister of Personnel, who was dressed very gorgeously, while the old man was old and weak, dressed in coarse clothing. Li Can looked down on him somewhat. The old man said to Li Can, "If I agree to take off my pants and hat, what will you do?" This was a sarcastic jab at Li Can's obsession with appearances. Li Can was so scared that his face changed color. The old man lost his parents when he was just a child, and whenever he talked about his parents, tears would flow down his face, crying like a child. When it came time for the Spring and Autumn Festival sacrifices, he always prepared fine wine and food first, then invited his acquaintances Guangning Chang Shunyang, Feng Yitian Wenzong, Shanggu Hou Fajun, and others, carrying wine flasks and cups, to a quiet place outside the city to offer sacrifices, fulfilling his filial duty. At that time, Dunhuang's Si Qian had good wine at home and would send a jug of wine to the old man on every festival. Scholar Xu Chihu of Boling and Hedong Pei Dingzong said to Si Qian, "You keep sending gifts like this; isn't it too much? Why are you so insistent on being so good to this old man?" Si Qian said, "I always send wine to him for sacrifices because he is always so filial." People regarded Si Qian as a true gentleman. The children, including Shunyang, were all taught and inspired by the old man and later became cultured individuals.
Gao Lu once visited his home and happened to meet the old man wearing a rough cloth shirt and carrying firewood back home from the field. The old man prepared some simple tea and plain rice for Gao Lu, along with some cloudy wine and vegetarian dishes. His home was small and in disrepair, with very little land, but the food was clean and well-prepared. Gao Lu also saw his two concubines, both old and either lame or blind, wearing tattered clothes. Seeing how poor his family was, Gao Lu graciously offered him more than ten pieces of cloth, which the old man accepted. Later, Gao Lu composed a poem, for which the old man wrote a special preface. The local people admired the old man's virtue, and each year they sent him linen and food, which he would distribute to others, never saving any for himself. When he was eighty years old, the old man passed away.
The old man's original wife was Song Shi from Dunhuang, who passed away early and did not leave behind any sons. The children he later adopted all died young, and his line eventually ended. After his death, no one from the family took care of the funeral arrangements, so Hu Shichang brought him back to his home for burial, beside his original burial site. Hu Shichang also had his younger brother inherit the old man's title, restoring the baron title and appointing him as General of Huwei. Despite both being from noble families, the old man and Hu Shichang had very different personalities and a poor relationship. During the old man's lifetime, their interactions were infrequent, but after his death, Hu Shichang gave him a lavish funeral. Some speculate that his actions may not have stemmed from genuine feelings, but rather from a desire for benefits and official positions.
Song Yao, courtesy name Tiyao, was from Dunhuang. His great-grandfather Pei, grandfather Ti, and several generations served as officials under the descendants of Zhang Gui. His father Song Liao was General Longxiang and Prefect of Wuxing under Zhang Xuanliang. Shortly after Song Yao was born, his father was murdered by Zhang Yong. At the age of five, Song Yao lost his mother as well, and he served his aunt, Zhang Shi, gaining a reputation for his filial piety. When he was eight years old, his aunt passed away, and during the mourning period, Song Yao performed the mourning rites with great care. Song Yao had aspirations from a young age and once said to his brother-in-law Zhang Yan, "Our family has fallen, and the responsibility of revitalizing our family’s fortunes falls on me. How can I inherit the ancestral business without working hard?" So, he followed Zhang Yan to Jiuquan, apprenticed with a master, immersed himself in reading, and tirelessly studied a wide range of classics and historical texts.
During the reign of Lu Guang, Song Yao was recommended as a scholar and became an Assistant Physician. Later, he joined Duan Ye, who appointed him as a Zhongshan official and chamberlain. Song Yao felt that Duan Ye lacked a broad political vision, so he then joined Li Gao and eventually attained a high-ranking position. Although his family never accumulated wealth, he had a profound love for Confucianism. Even during times of war, he never ceased his studies or teaching. Whenever he heard that a Confucian scholar was visiting, he would personally welcome them and engage in discussions about the classics, sometimes even postponing official duties to explore these texts together. Song Yao was known for his decisiveness and handled affairs with remarkable speed, never delaying any tasks.
After Juqu Mengxun captured Jiuquan, he found thousands of books in Yao's house, as well as dozens of bushels of grain and salt. Mengxun sighed, "I am not happy to defeat Li Xin, but I am happy to have obtained Song Yao!" So he appointed Song Yao as the Minister of Personnel, responsible for selecting officials. Before his death, Mengxun entrusted his son Mu Qian into Song Yao's care. Mu Qian appointed Song Yao as the Left Chancellor and asked him to escort his sister, Princess Xingping, to the capital. Emperor Wen of Northern Wei appointed Song Yao as the Right Chancellor of Prince Hexi, bestowed upon him the title of Duke of Qingshui, and added the title of General of Anyuan. After Emperor Wen of Northern Wei subdued Liangzhou, Song Yao followed Mu Qian to the capital. After Song Yao's death, he was posthumously granted the title of Gong.
His eldest son, Song Yan, inherited the title, which was later elevated to Marquis of Xiping. Song Yan's son, Song Yin, served as a Gentleman of the Imperial Library and an Attendant of Prince Le'an. After his death, he was posthumously granted the title of General of Fuguo and the Administrator of Xianyang. Song Yin's son, Song Chao, served as a Minister of Revenue. Song Chao's younger brother, Song Zhi, styled Jiyu, studied classics with Li Shaobo of Anyi. Song Zhi was honest and strict, managing his household with the same rigor as an official institution. During the Taihe period of Northern Wei, he was appointed as an official in the Ministry of Works. Later, due to a system regulation, he was demoted to Censor of the Western Mid-Fu, and then transferred to the Army Censor of Wang Luan City in Bingzhou. In the second year of Jingming, he was appointed as the Magistrate of Baishui County. He served as Magistrate of Baishui County for eleven years, earning the people's respect. He was later elevated to the Administrator of Qingzhou Bohai. He passed away in the third year of the Zhengguang era. His son, Song Youdao, served as Chief Historian to the Grand Commandant during the Wuding period.
Zhang Zhan, also known by the courtesy names Ziran and Zhongxuan, was from Dunhuang and the ninth-generation grandson of Zhang Gong, the Chief of the Imperial Guards of Wei. Zhang Zhan became famous in the Liangzhou region at a young age. He enjoyed studying, wrote essays, and had great ambitions. He served as the Attendant of the Yellow Gate and Minister of War under Juqu Mengxun. After Liangzhou was pacified, he went to the capital at the age of over fifty, where the court granted him the title of Nanpu Marquis and promoted him to General Ningyuan. The Minister Cui Hao held him in high regard. Cui Hao wrote in the preface to his commentary on the I Ching: "After the pacification of the Hexi region, Zhang Zhan from Dunhuang, Zong Qin from Jincheng, and Duan Chenggen from Wuwei, these three Confucians, all have outstanding abilities and are renowned in the Western Zhou. They often discuss the I Ching with me, and I explain using the hexagrams from the Zuo Commentary. We encourage each other and annotate together. Therefore, I use my spare time after the morning court to annotate it." This illustrates the extent of Zhang Zhan's reputation at that time. After Zhang Zhan arrived in the capital, his family was very poor and struggled to get by. However, his principles remained steadfast, and Cui Hao often provided him with food and clothing. Every year, Zhang Zhan would send poems praising Cui Hao, who would send him gifts in return. Later, when Cui Hao was killed, Zhang Zhan, fearing for his safety, burned all the poems. My brother, Huaiyi, was a man of integrity, talented and capable. After our mother passed away, he grieved deeply, more so than most. Although the mourning period had passed, he continued to live a simple life, living on simple meals and drinking plain tea. Later, he died while serving as an officer in the Western Expedition. His eldest son, Guangping, was appointed magistrate of Gaoping County.
Zong Qin, whose courtesy name was Jingruo, was from Jincheng. His father, Xie, also known as Wenyoud, once served as the Minister of Rites of the Lü Guang regime. Zong Qin loved learning from a young age, had the demeanor of a Confucian scholar, was well-read and knowledgeable, and earned a reputation that spread far and wide across the Hexi region. He once served as the Zhongshu Lang and the heir apparent's groom under Juqu Mengxun. Zong Qin once presented a text titled "Advice for the Attendants of the Eastern Palace" to the Crown Prince, in which he expressed: "The ancient past is vast, and the population is numerous. The Five Elements are used in succession, the classics are cited. Rectifying fathers and sons, assisting lords and ministers. Able to support when toppled, able to uphold when bent. In ancient times, there were wise insights. Not claiming wisdom, yet straying from the path. Not claiming to be new, but neglecting the old. Like standing at the brink of a deep abyss, like a capsized cart changing its course. Thus, by asking questions to disseminate knowledge, spreading the noble spirit far and wide. Until the three generations, the path was lost, and purity was compromised. Jie ascended to the Qiong Terrace, Zhou cultivated the Zao Mountain. Zhou exterminated the Yao tribe, Yi lost his fields. Deception and treachery clouded their eyes and ears, Zheng and Wei were left behind. Arrogance and tyranny ran rampant, heresy entangled. How could they harm themselves, and destroy their descendants? The vast traces of Yu were divided into nine regions. Insects, birds, and beasts each have their own dwellings. The clouds sang after the Tang, the beauty of the Yu dynasty hung down. The sparse nets were altered, the Yin way was spread. The dragon coiled to respond to virtue, the Sui snake bore a pearl in its mouth. Do not claim it is unreasonable, the same signs have persisted for a thousand years. Here is Zihuan, the mystical numbers are fulfilled. The manners of Xu and Ruan, the sides of Liu and Chen. Uncover the literary and ask for guidance, use your abilities to inherit and shine brightly, Wei Ding is renewed. After the bright and rich, the operation corresponds to the mysterious scriptures. Be vigilant and cautious, the distant horizon is yours. Governing the remote wilderness, harboring a sense of solitude within. Still afraid of not reaching far enough, the light is not distant. You have loyal ministers standing in the courtyard like trees susceptible to slander. The main branch thrives, forever graced by heaven's favor. This humble minister humbly makes a plea, daring to speak before you."
This passage means that Zongqin wrote an advisory letter to the crown prince, advising him to be humble and open to counsel, to learn from the governance methods of ancient sages, to avoid repeating past mistakes, and to seek out talented individuals in order to ensure the prosperity of the nation and the flourishing of future generations. He cited ancient texts and examples to advise the crown prince, hoping that he could learn from the lessons and diligently govern. The entire letter is filled with heartfelt loyalty to the monarch and love for the country. After Emperor Shizu won a battle in Pingliang Prefecture and returned to the court, the emperor bestowed upon him the title of "Tree Reclining Man," appointed him as the Eagle Flying General, and made him a Writer of the Imperial Library. The emperor also wrote him a letter, writing: "Before the court became strong, the customs and habits of various regions were different, and the world was isolated, making it hard for everyone to get along. I've always wanted to find like-minded people, a wish I've held for ages. Luckily, heaven has granted my wish, allowing you to come to the capital. Your talents may not be on par with Ji Zha's, but your loyalty to me is comparable to that of Sun Qiao; your character may not reach the level of Cheng Yi, but our friendship is as deep as if we were meant to be friends. It has taken me a long time to encounter someone like you! However, due to official duties, we have no time for a proper conversation, and I can only stay in a humble palace, feeling overwhelmed! Although my knowledge isn't extensive, I still took the liberty to write a few poems for you. Conversations between friends of different ages like us, along with the teachings you leave behind, would even impress Zhuangzi, yet are not easily understood by ordinary people. My respect and affection for you run deep, and I hope we can keep in touch often, using our friendship to help me overcome my insecurities. I hope you can shine your light on the ignorant with your talents like a phoenix, and make the crude look dull with your brilliance, just like a precious gem; that is my wish!" The emperor also wrote ten poems, which are as follows:
"The towering Hengling Mountains, the vast Cangming Sea. The mountains are majestic, the water shines brightly. To initiate this noble lineage, anticipating new beginnings. Adorned with splendid talents, remarkable individuals. (Part One) O noble son, embodying integrity and prosperity. Like the pine and bamboo, towering above frost. Reflecting on ancient wisdom, engaging with ease. Perched upon the lofty terraces, the sound resonates throughout the cosmos. (Part Two) Our imperial dragon rises, radiating layers of brilliance. The strength of virtue radiates outward, while gentle light reflects inward. The heavens symbolize the gasp, the earth competes with the thick mountains. The wind has no different sound, the customs have no different paths. (Part Three) Geography is termed literature, while writing is referred to as history. Contemplating the nine streams, weaving together profound meanings. The emperor uses rewards and consultations, enlightening and developing ideas. Widening the four gates, welcoming the distinguished scholars. (Part Four) You answer their calls, soaring eastward to observe. Speaking with a voice as clear as jade, waving the brush toward the heavens. Plucking the finest hairs, gracing the paper with brilliance. The mound shows no hesitation in its cutting, nor does the ceremony experience stagnation. (Part Five) The mountain bows in humility, embracing gentleness as a sign of trust. The forest venerates the sun, ascending brightly. There are distant sages, embodying these four principles of caution. Weak yet resilient, gentle yet firm. (Part Six) In the south, Dongmao's historical achievements remain unspoken. Strongly inclined towards flattery, blending strength with beauty. Moving to bury the decay, Yongyuzhou fades into obscurity. There is no space for complacency; the path is fraught with challenges. (Part Seven) Yin Yimo of Zhou, and Kong and Ming of Lu. Suppressing and elevating the group, the principles of three and five. Soaring high and mighty, carrying forth our ancient martial traditions. Do not distinguish between ancient and modern; instead, establish rules and standards. (Part Eight) Since ancient times seeking seclusion, immersing in the western frontier. The winds and steeds are distinct; the standards bear no relation. Openness brings fortune, aligning with the right moment. Adjusting my collar briefly, establishing a bond with a single word. (Part Nine) Conducting secret consultations, visiting the stagnant capital. The water mirror reflects the elder, cleansing the reluctance from the fields. Looking at the divine etiquette, unveiling the void within the heart. Grasping the rites and music, delving into poetry and literature. (Part Ten) Treading on frost, lamenting the changes, feeling the shifts. Alas, I am old, swiftly aging like lightning. Advancing without permission, not retreating according to the rules. White hair hides the black, as the withered face fades. (Part Eleven) Literature to meet friends, friends who understand one another. Poetry clarifies speech, speech communicates reason. Observing the flowing water in the abyss, gazing at the darkness in the mountain. You and I have curved light, like the scales in the winding water."
This letter from the emperor is beautifully written, expressing both admiration for Gao Yun and the importance he places on him, as well as his yearning for talent and his aspirations for the country's future. The letter references several historical figures, highlighting the emperor's literary knowledge. The last few lines of poetry beautifully express the bond between the ruler and his ministers, making it a touching read.
I received your letter; it's been a while since we last connected, and I'm truly sorry. I've been hoping to catch up since we last met, and today I finally have the chance. You always care about me so much and often encourage me; I truly appreciate all your kindness.
I've always had average talent since childhood, and I haven't achieved much as I grew up; I've only gotten this far thanks to everyone's help and support. Your praise means so much to me, but it feels overwhelming. I've been wanting to return the gifts you've given me for a long time, but I feel I'm lacking in both talent and knowledge, and I wasn't sure how to express my gratitude, which is why it's taken me so long. I've written a poem; it might not be perfect, but I hope you understand my feelings.
The poem says: "The rivers flow majestically and the southern capital is resplendent. It carries many scholars and radiates with luminous pearls. The noble lineage is far removed, chronicled in the annals of history. It lays the foundation for Ying City and revives the vibrant district. (Part One) My life shines brightly, awakening a heroic spirit. It carries forth the legacy of the past and clones the generations. The round and square are in harmony, and virtuous morals blend harmoniously. I aspire to surpass the talented, echoing the brilliance of Huajun. (Part Two) What is this echo? The golden tones resonate profoundly. It lauds the western fiefdom, rescuing the current affairs. With the zither and books, I calm my heart and embark anew. Deep thoughts dwell in the depths, and graceful talents drift like clouds. (Part Three) Heaven issues a decree, and the blessings echo through the ages. It unites with the purple palace and pairs with the Qian. Benevolence shines brighter than the spring sun, and achievements are vast and far-reaching. It calls upon the reclusive elder, bestowing great blessings for eternity. (Part Four) I am akin to a fallen oak, my talent is humble and modest. By chance, I have encountered this opportunity, and I am honored to be part of the core. Stealing the name of the Huasheng, I find myself on the crimson terrace. Ashamed of lacking a firefly's glow, I draw little from the daylight. (Part Five) The bright ascent is not a directive; it is indeed challenging to reconcile. In humility, occupying a lowly position, can one truly claim to be humble? Advancement does not further the path, retreating loses the essence. Already feeling shame for the vermilion palace, I also feel remorse in the alley. (Part Six) The histories of the Shi and Ban families are celebrated, Yang and Cai are profound. Carrying the weight of the classics, it is etched in the heart. The four wheels travel the same path; the overturned cart seeks its fellows. Gratefully receiving the wise teachings, forever wearing the bright admonition. (Part Seven) Distant reflections on ancient sages, looking within oneself. I bow in thanks to Qiuming, offering a deep bow to the Southern History. Though the distant martial spirit still endures, the lofty paths are difficult to follow. Awakening early and remaining vigilant at dusk, how can one achieve tranquility? (Part Eight) The world is in decline, yet Lingyun has not yet been realized. The wind horse is distanced, and the regions are sealed differently. With a yearning for the west, the path is perilous and cannot be traversed. Wang Ze's distant waves, the nine regions come together. (Part Nine) In the past, Pingwu, the two Luks were treasures. Now it can conquer the cool; my life is uniquely heroic. The way reflects the Confucian forest, and righteousness stands among the crowd. My thoughts align with it, equal in silk and gauze. (Part Ten) Kindness lacks Tian Su, and measure is not like Shu Du. Han Sheng belongs to the descendents, Lin Zong still cares. A thousand years of wandering, I encounter this one time. The elegant verses and styles, my humble heart has already understood. (Part Eleven) Time flies swiftly; both things and I are passing. If left to flow, it becomes smooth; if embraced, it becomes stagnant. Binding the horses brings dust; often empty and worn. In two rooms there is protection; how can there be return or bestowal? (Part Twelve) The poem expresses aspirations, and aspirations reveal the essence. Alas, the neck is severed, and righteousness has already been harmed. Though I say I am not adept, I request to serve in brotherhood. May you encourage it, and not forget the cold of the years."
I noticed that the text you wanted to translate isn't here. Could you please provide the Simplified Chinese text so I can assist you? Once I have the text, I'll be happy to help!
This poem expresses some of my thoughts; I hope you won't mind my humble effort. Later, Cui Hao was executed, and I was condemned to death as a result. During my time in Hexi, I wrote a ten-volume book titled "Meng Xun Ji," though it is not particularly noteworthy. My younger brother Shu, whose courtesy name is Jingtai, served as a langzhong in the Ministry of Works. He returned to the country with his elder brother, was granted the title of 'Juting Nan,' and also received the rank of General Weiyuan. His reputation was somewhat lesser than that of his brother, and his descendants gradually fell into decline.
Duan Chenggen, a man from Guzang in Wuwei, claimed to be the ninth great-grandson of Duan Jing, the Grand Commandant of the Han Dynasty. His father, Duan Hui, also known as Changzuo, was very tall, standing more than eight feet tall. He studied under Ouyang Tang, who greatly valued him. Once, a young boy who shared Duan Hui's interests studied alongside him. Two years later, the boy expressed his desire to return home and asked Duan Hui for a horse. Duan Hui playfully crafted a wooden horse for him. The boy was delighted and thanked Duan Hui, saying, "I am a gentleman from Taishan Prefecture, here to study, and now I must return. I have nothing to repay your kindness. You will surely rise to a high position in the future, and may even become a marquis. This is not repayment, just a wish for your success." With that, he mounted the wooden horse and soared away. Duan Hui then realized he was destined to prosper in the future. Later, Qifu Chipan appointed Duan Hui as the Grand General of State, Governor of Liangzhou, Grand Master of Ceremonies, and Marquis of the Western Sea. After Qifu Chipan's son Qifu Muamo succeeded him, the country fell into chaos, and Duan Hui and his son fled to the Tuoba Xianbei. The Tuoba Xianbei eventually surrendered to the court, and Duan Hui and Duan Chenggen returned to Northern Wei together. Emperor Wen of Wei had long heard of Duan Hui's reputation and held him in high esteem, treating him as an honored guest. When Duan Hui was accused of planning to flee south, Emperor Wen asked how they knew. The informant said, "Duan Hui hid gold in his saddle. If he didn't plan to escape, why would he do that?" Emperor Wen discreetly investigated and found the accusation to be true, leading to Duan Hui's execution in the public square, with his body left on display for several days. A Confucian scholar from Jingzhao, Lin Bainu, held Duan Hui's character in high regard and secretly took his body out at night, burying it in a dry well. Duan Hui's daughter married into the Zhang family of Dunhuang and only discovered this much later, hurrying to Chang'an to retrieve her father's remains for a proper burial.
Cheng Gen is a talented young man with strong learning abilities, good eloquence, and a quick mind, but he can be a bit scatterbrained and starts strong but often loses steam. Situ Cuihao recognized his talent for writing and recommended him to Emperor Shizu, making him an Official in Charge of Writings and allowing him to work alongside other officials. At that time, everyone thought he wrote well, but his character was another story.
Prince Li Bao of Dunhuang admired him greatly and treated him well. Cheng Gen even wrote a poem for Li Bao, which said:
"The world is declining, pure winds are rare. The crossroads ask about power, and the roads are filled with authority. In the competition, one rushes forward, and the heavenly secrets should not be trampled. Without a true ruler, who can gather the brambles? (Part One) To the emperor and my descendants, let the brightness inherit the brilliance. Literature calms troubles, military might quiets chaos. To split the clam for pearls, to search the rocks for dry goods. The wild has no nets, the court is full of free writings. (Part Two) Since the ancient cool seasons, the forests burned and the depths dried. The noble sons shine bright, but they can’t always be trusted. Although the wise are fervent, the ominous air still lingers. The phoenix hides in the hills, the dragon lurks in the dark. (Part Three) Unusual disturbances are rare; in great difficulties, one finds ease. With wings spread, shadows take flight towards the capital. Wearing cicada shells at the purple gate, wielding a staff in the square. Assist my king's path, and may achievements gather joy. (Part Four) As for me, in solitude I sink, cherishing old bonds. May I be sheltered by your light, leisurely passing the years. The path is not yet flooded, the reins have already reached. Looking back, it is hard to part, carrying on the journey. (Part Five) I have heard from old friends, the saints accumulate brilliance. Although the pure source is muddy, the people cherish my virtue. Thinking of the wise, calm to quell unrest. Harmonious are the numerous sounds, and clear is this melody. (Part Six) Inquire below, the text is clear. Transformation comes from rites; governance is achieved through leniency. Work to promote kindness and education, spreading virtue and simplifying punishment. Lowering my head to the gentle breeze, I slowly hear the sounds of peace. (Part Seven)"
Later, Cui Hao was beheaded, and Cheng Gen was also implicated and died. It was truly lamentable. However, Cheng Gen's grandson, a man named Zhang Lingyan, was appointed as the Commandant of the Water Guard. He was tall and mighty, with a handsome beard, and carried himself with an impressive demeanor, standing apart from ordinary military officers. At that time, renowned scholars Li Yanzhi and Li Shenjun praised him.
Kan Ling, styled Xuan Yin, was from Dunhuang. His ancestor, Kan Jing, was well-known in the Western Regions. His father, Kan Jiu, was a renowned talent at the time, having attained the esteemed position of Magistrate of Kuaiji County.
Kan Ling was knowledgeable, well-versed in the classics, history, and literary works, with exceptional memory. He could recite anything after reading it once. Contemporaries referred to him as a bookworm, perpetually engrossed in study. He also provided annotations for Wang Lang's "Yi Zhuan," and many scholars relied on his annotations to study the Book of Changes. He also wrote the book "Records of the Thirteen Prefectures," which gained considerable recognition.
Meng Xun highly valued him, often having him by his side to seek advice on governing the country. Later, Kan Ling was appointed as a Secretary and Examiner, managing thirty clerks, responsible for proofreading and organizing classics, and even edited over three thousand volumes of various works. He was later promoted to the rank of Commandant of the Imperial Carriage.
Mu Qian valued him even more, promoting him to Daxing, and later to the position of Minister. After the pacification of Guzang, King Le Ping Pi was stationed in Liangzhou and appointed him as a Lang under his command. After King Le Ping's death, Kan Ling returned to the capital. His family was very poor, often unable to eat or dress warmly. He had a large appetite, needing three sheng of rice to be full. In the end, he passed away without leaving behind any heirs.
Liu Bing, styled Yan Ming, was also from Dunhuang. His father, Liu Bao, styled Zi Yu, was renowned for his expertise in Confucianism. At the age of fourteen, Liu Bing began studying with the scholar Guo Yu. At that time, Guo Yu had over five hundred students, yet only eighty of them were truly proficient in Confucianism.
Guo Yu has a daughter who has just come of age and wants to find a good son-in-law. She has long had her sights set on Liu Lang. So, Guo Yu set up a special seat in front of everyone and said to the disciples, "I have a daughter who is getting older, and I want to find a good son-in-law for her. I'll marry my daughter to whoever sits here!" Liu Lang immediately stood up, walked to the seat, and sat down, solemnly saying, "I heard that Sir wants to find a good son-in-law, and I am that person!" Guo Yu was very happy and married his daughter to him.
It is said that Mr. Lang lived a reclusive life in Jiuquan, ignoring calls from local officials, but he had more than five hundred students. Later, Li Gao privately summoned him and appointed him the Confucian Temple's Libationer and a Palace Attendant. Li Gao was particularly fond of classics, personally mending the damaged books. Mr. Lang served by his side, volunteering to help Li Gao with these tasks. Li Gao said, "I fix these books myself to encourage everyone to appreciate these classics. Working on this with you is like Zhuge Liang helping Liu Bei!" Later, Mr. Lang was promoted to Protector of the Yi Tribes. Although he was busy with government affairs, he kept reading without pause. Li Gao said, "You annotate the classics, even using candles to illuminate them during the day. If you do this during the day, can't you rest at night?" Mr. Lang replied, "If I hear the truth in the morning, I’d gladly die at night. How can I care about my old age? Confucius would say the same. Who am I, Lang, to not work hard like this?" Mr. Lang thought that the 'Records of the Grand Historian,' 'Book of Han,' and 'Book of Later Han' were too lengthy, so he compiled 'Brief Records' consisting of 130 chapters and 84 volumes; he also wrote 'Book of Liang' in 10 volumes, 'Records of Dunhuang' in 20 volumes, 'Dialects' in 3 volumes, and 'Inscriptions of the Hall of Respectful and Reverent' in 1 volume. He also provided annotations for the 'I Ching,' 'Han Feizi,' 'Biographies of Exemplary Women,' and 'Three Strategies of Huangshi Gong.' These works became widely circulated at that time.
After Meng Xun pacified Jiuquan, he appointed Mr. Bing as the secretary, specifically tasked with the annotation of classical texts. He built the Lucheng Temple in the Western Garden and personally went to conduct sacrifices. He was known as "Mr. Xuan Chu," and he had several hundred students, with someone delivering sheep and wine to him every month. Mu Qian held him in high esteem as the national teacher and personally visited him, ordering officials and subordinates to face north during his lectures. At that time, Suo Chang and Yin Xing from the same county served as his teaching assistants, and they were also recommended for their literary talents; every time they visited him, they wore neat clothes.
When the Northern Wei's Shizu pacified Liangzhou, the people of Liangzhou began migrating eastward. Shizu had heard of Mr. Bing's esteemed reputation and appointed him as the secretary to King Le Ping. Shizu ordered that elderly people over seventy could remain in their locality, supported by one son. By then, Mr. Bing was quite elderly, residing in Gu Zang. A year later, he missed his hometown and returned to Liangzhou. When he reached Jiu Gu Cave, four hundred miles west of Liangzhou, he passed away after a prolonged illness. Mr. Bing had six sons: the eldest, Seng Yan, passed away in childhood; the second, Zhong Li, stayed in the countryside; the third, Zhong, the fourth, Er Gui, and the fifth, Gui Ren, all relocated to Dai Jing. Later, they were assigned to various states and counties, becoming common folk. Gui Ren had two sons, the eldest, Mai Nu, and the second, Xian Zong.
In the year 465 AD, Minister Li Chong reported: “Bing is a renowned scholar from the Hexi region, yet his descendants are currently living in hardship, lacking official positions and salaries. Descendants of such virtuous men deserve special consideration.” Consequently, a position as the magistrate of Yunyang County in Yingzhou was arranged for one of Bing's grandsons.
In the year 478 AD, Grand Preceptor Cui Guang submitted a memorial, saying: "I have heard that the highest virtue is to cultivate moral character, followed by achieving success and making one's words known. Having one's name remembered in history after death is what sages have sought throughout the ages; valuing talent is akin to valuing trees, a sentiment praised since ancient times. Liu Bing, the Attendant Officer of King Leiping, made significant contributions in the Liangzhou region and left behind numerous works. His writing is excellent and worth reading. Even if he had faults, his descendants deserve forgiveness for generations; moreover, his descendants have not been far from his death, yet have always been lowly officials without any preferential treatment, which is indeed lamentable to scholars. As the historian, I humbly bring this to your attention and ask that you instruct the Ministry of Personnel to carefully review their case and exempt them from onerous corvée labor, to demonstrate the court's respect for virtue, uphold the aspirations of our predecessors, educate the people, and rectify social customs, all of which depend on this." In June of the fourth year, the Emperor issued a decree stating: "Liu Bing's virtues surpass those of his predecessors; he is a distinguished Confucian master. The suggestion made by Grand Preceptor Cui Guang aligns perfectly with the principle of promoting goodness. His grandchildren and three other families are granted exemptions from corvée labor." The people of Hexi felt proud of this.
Zhao Rou, courtesy name Yuan Shun, was from Jincheng. He became well-known in the Hexi region for his virtue and scholarship at a young age. During the reign of Juqu Muqian, Zhao Rou served as an official in the Jin department. After the Northern Wei Emperor Taiwu, also known as Tuoba Tao, pacified Liangzhou, Zhao Rou was transferred to the capital. After Gaozong Tuoba Huang ascended the throne, he appointed Zhao Rou as an official responsible for literary affairs. Later, due to his repeated military achievements, he was sent to Henei as a governor, where he was known for his benevolence and love for the people. Zhao Rou once found a string of gold beads lost by someone on the road, worth several hundred guan, and he immediately returned the beads to the owner. Later, someone presented him with several hundred iron plows (huá), which Zhao Rou and his son Shanming took to the market to sell. Someone wanted to buy the iron plows from Zhao Rou, offering twenty bolts of silk in return. A merchant, knowing this price was low, gave Zhao Rou thirty bolts of silk, and Shanming wanted to accept it. Zhao Rou said, "In business, once a word is spoken, it is as difficult to retract as to chase a team of horses. How can one change their mind for a small profit?" Thus, he accepted the merchant's thirty bolts of silk. When the high-ranking officials and nobles learned of this incident, they were all very respectful of him. He was known for his honesty and integrity, which defined his character. Wang Yuanhe of Longxi grasped the profound meanings of Buddhist scriptures and created the "Zhi Huan Jing She Tu Ge," a six-volume work, for which Zhao Rou provided annotations that captured the essence of the scriptures, earning the respect of prominent monks of his time. He also wrote inscriptions and praises that became widely known during that period. His son, Zhao Mo, courtesy name Chongming, later served as the governor of Wuwei.
Suo Chang, with the courtesy name Ju Zhen, was from Dunhuang. He served as an assistant to Liu Cheng and diligently studied classical texts, fully inheriting Liu Cheng's knowledge. After the pacification of Liangzhou, he came to the capital and, with his profound Confucian foundation, was selected by the court to become a Doctor of the Imperial Academy. He was very serious and responsible in teaching, strict yet courteous in demeanor. The children of high-ranking officials in the capital respected and appreciated him immensely, benefiting from his teachings. Many of his students went on to become high-ranking officials in the court, such as Minister and Governor, all of whom were students of Suo Chang. Suo Chang taught for over ten years. As the chapters of "Funeral Attire" were scattered throughout different texts, Suo Chang compiled them into a book called "Essentials of Funeral Attire." Much of his work on "Discourse on Names" has not survived. Later, he was appointed as the Prefect of Fufeng, maintaining a frugal lifestyle during his tenure, and passed away shortly after. His former students jointly petitioned the court to honor him, leading to a posthumous appointment as General Who Pacifies the South and Governor of Liangzhou, with the posthumous title of "Xian."
Suo Chang's son, named Suo Sengyang, served as a Gentleman of the Palace Writers and Prefect of Jingzhao. Suo Sengyang's son, Suo Yangu, served as a Military Advisor in the East Palace. Suo Yangu's son, Suo Huaizhen, styled Gongdao, served as an Imperial Censor during the Wuding era.
When Suo Chang was still in his hometown, he had a good relationship with his fellow villager Yin Shilong, both of whom were talented individuals. Later, Yin Shilong moved to the capital, where he was exiled to Helong for committing a crime. In Shanggu, due to various reasons, he was oppressed by the locals and became a slave to Xu Neng. Five years later, when Suo Chang happened to pass through Shanggu and met Yin Shilong, he learned of his plight. The two men embraced in tears before parting. Suo Chang helped him appeal, eventually freeing him from slavery. Yin Shilong's son, Yin Menggui, was especially filial, working in the fields every day, visiting his father in the morning and returning home in the evening. The villagers greatly admired his devotion to his parents.
Yin Zhongda was a native of Guzang, Wuwei. His grandfather, Yin Xun, courtesy name Chudao, served as governor of Wuwei under Li Mao. His father, Yin Hua, courtesy name Jiwen, was the magistrate of Guzang County. Yin Zhongda rose to prominence due to his literary talents at a young age. After the Northern Wei's Emperor Taiwu pacified Liangzhou, his family was relocated near the capital. The Minister of Personnel, Cui Hao, recommended Yin Zhongda and Duan Chenggen to the court, noting that both were talented individuals from Liangzhou and should collaborate on the national history. As a result, they were both appointed as secretarial authors. Later, Yin Zhongda passed away.
Yin Hua's other son, Yin Zhouda, held the positions of Sima of Pingnan in Xuzhou and governor of Taishan.
Zhouda's son, nicknamed Hutou in his childhood, loved music from a young age and also had a passion for martial arts. Initially, he held a minor position in the service of Emperor Gaozu, and later appointed as a court attendant, and then serving as a palace attendant under Prince Guangping. Zhouda's son was known for his integrity and skill in handling interpersonal relationships, earning the favor of Prince Guangping. He was later promoted to the Minister of Works and then to the General of the Central Army, followed by the position of Director of the Royal Medical Bureau for the Prince of Runan, where he remained highly respected. Gradually, he was promoted to the General of Dragon Cavalry, the General of Elite Cavalry, and the Governor of Yuzhou, stationed at Xuanhu Pass. In the later years of Emperor Xiaozhuang's reign, Zhouda's son was appointed as Left General, acting governor of Yuzhou. At that time, Yuan Chongli, who was acting as the governor of Yuzhou, was recalled by the court. Upon hearing that Er Zhu Zhao had attacked Luoyang, he killed Zhouda's son and seized the governorship of Yuzhou. Later, the court posthumously honored Zhouda's son with the title of General of Pingnan and governor of Liangzhou.
Zhou Dazi's nephew Daofang, with a mild and refined character and well-versed in various books, was highly appreciated by Li Shenjun. At that time, Li Shenjun was a former general and Governor of Jingzhou, and he invited Daofang to his mansion to serve as a long-term military advisor. Once, Li Shenjun sent Daofang to meet with Xiao Gang, who was then the Governor of Yongzhou, to discuss border affairs. Daofang was calm, composed, and eloquent, leaving a deep impression on Xiao Gang. During the Zhengguang era, Xiao Gang sent his generals, including Cao Yizong, to trouble the border tribes. Li Shenjun sent Daofang to Xinye to convey military orders and handle military affairs. However, he was ambushed by bandits en route, handed over to Cao Yizong, then sent to Xiangyang, and finally to Xiao Yan, where he was imprisoned at Shangfang. In the Xiaochang period, Daofang was finally able to return to Northern Wei. Upon returning, he was appointed as an official, later promoted to be a cavalry attendant. In the early years of Xiaozhuang's reign, he was promoted to be the Deputy Director of the Left People's Department, in charge of compiling the "Record of Daily Activities." In the second year of Yong'an, the court sent Daofang and the Attendant of the Ceremonial Office, Wang Yuanxu, as envoys to Xiao Yan. When they reached South Yanzhou, the court ordered them to return. Later, Daofang was promoted to be General of Andong and Grand Master of Splendor, concurrently serving as the Deputy Director of the Right People's Department. In the early years of Taichang, Daofang died at the young age of forty-two. People lamented his death, and the court posthumously granted him the title of General Who Calms the Military and Governor of Jingzhou. Historians commented that Zhao Yi and others were well-versed in history and classics, with outstanding talent and great reputation, able to stand out in turbulent times. This shows that talent is essential! As for Hu Sou, he was able to remain calm and collected amidst fame and failure, truly a very special individual!
