Legend has it that Northern Wei's Emperor Daowu had ten sons, namely Prince of Qinghe, Prince of Yangping, Prince of Henan, Prince of Hejian, Prince of Changle, Prince of Guangping, and Prince of Jingzhao, as well as two princes named Hun and Cong. Sadly, these two passed away young without leaving any heirs. Emperor Daowu's empress, Empress Xuanmu Liu, gave birth to Emperor Mingyuan, Lady He gave birth to both Prince of Qinghe Tuoba Shao and Prince of Yangping Tuoba Xi, and Lady Wang gave birth to Prince of Henan Tuoba Yao. Historical records do not mention the mothers of Prince of Hejian Tuoba Xiu and Prince of Changle Tuoba Chuwen. Lady Duan gave birth to Prince of Guangping Tuoba Lian and Prince of Jingzhao Tuoba Li.
Prince of Qinghe Tuoba Shao was enfeoffed as a prince in the sixth year of Tianxing. This guy was cruel, ruthless, stingy, and a bit of a rebel, not listening to advice. He liked to wander in the streets and alleys, rob passersby, and practice archery on dogs and pigs. Because of this, his father, Emperor Daowu, nearly drowned him in a well, and it took a lot of effort to pull him out. His brother Emperor Mingyuan also often educated him, but he never listened, and Emperor Mingyuan always worried that he would rebel. To make matters worse, his mother, Lady He, messed up and was locked up by Emperor Daowu, facing execution. As night fell and no decision had been made, Lady He secretly asked Tuoba Shao, "What’s your plan to save me?" That night, Tuoba Shao took a few guards and eunuchs, broke out of the prison and stormed into the palace.
"The bandits are here!" people in the palace shouted. Emperor Daowu jumped up in fear, frantically searching for a bow and arrow but found none, ultimately dying from the shock. The next day, the palace gates remained shut until noon. Tuoba Shao falsely claimed to issue an imperial edict, summoning all the officials to gather in front of the west palace gate, commanding them to stand facing north. He spoke to the ministers through the crack in the door, "I have a father, and I have a brother, which one will you follow?" The ministers were left dumbfounded, frozen in place. After a while, Lord Changsun of Nanping finally said, "We will follow the prince." The ministers then knew that the emperor had passed away, but they were not clear about the circumstances of his death. Only Lord Yuan Lie of Yinping left in tears.
At that moment, both court officials and commoners were in a state of panic, each filled with suspicion. Fei Ru, Marquis of He, lit a beacon fire in the north of Anyang, and the Helan tribe responded in droves. Other old tribes also gathered their kin and children, assembling everywhere. Tuoba Shao realized the situation was deteriorating, so he quickly produced bolts of cloth to reward the ministers, distributing hundreds of pieces to some and ten to others.
It is said that Emperor Li Shimin (Taizong) was not in Chang'an at the time. When he heard that something had happened in the palace, he hurried back and took refuge in the mountains. He sent a messenger to inform Marquis An Tong of Beixin in the dead of night, saying that everyone should act together. When Li Shimin arrived in the west of the city, the guards captured Li Shao. Then Li Shimin ordered their execution and also killed more than a dozen eunuchs and palace maids who had been complicit in the conspiracy. Those who had initially confronted the emperor's procession were dismembered alive by officials in the southern streets and subsequently consumed. Li Shao was only sixteen at that time. Li Shao's mother was renowned for her exceptional beauty. When Li Yuan (Taizu) visited the Helan tribe, he was enchanted by her beauty and desired to marry her, so he spoke to Empress Xianming about it. Empress Xianming said, "No, she is too beautiful and not someone you can easily handle; besides, she is already married." As a result, Li Yuan secretly sent someone to kill her husband and then married her, giving birth to Li Shao, which ultimately led to this heinous act of treason.
Prince Yangping, Li Xi, was titled prince in the sixth year of Tianxing. He was intelligent, eloquent, and charming, earning great respect from the royal family. While Li Shimin was commanding troops in the east, he ordered Li Xi to supervise twelve military schools for a military parade. Li Xi performed excellently, with the troops in proper order, which pleased Li Shimin greatly, prompting him to reward Li Xi with numerous gifts. Later, when Li Xi was also very diligent in the campaign against the west, he earned significant accolades. In the sixth year of the Taichang era, Li Xi passed away at the age of twenty-three. Li Shimin was profoundly grieved and bestowed upon him numerous valuable burial items and gifts. Li Xi was survived by seven sons.
He was the eldest son and inherited the noble title. He was tall and handsome, with a steady demeanor and exceptional martial prowess. He followed Emperor Shizong of the Yuan Dynasty to the West River, defeated Shanhu, the White Dragon, captured their cities, and eliminated the remaining rebels, executing thousands. He was later granted the title of King of Linhuai and served as the General of the Eastern Front. Not long after, his rank was elevated; he became the Envoy and Commander of Military Affairs in Yuluo, as well as the Southern Great General, stationed at the strategic Hulao Pass. His reputation was noteworthy. Later, he led the Bingzhou troops alongside King Wuchang to quell the rebellion of the Tu Jing rebel, Hu Cao Puhun, in Hexi. After that, he was appointed as the Envoy, Vanguard General, and Commander of Military Affairs, and he marched north to confront the Rouran, achieving a decisive victory and delivering military supplies to Bigan City. Later, when Liu Yilong dispatched troops to raid the border, he marched to Xuanhu again and defeated them. Subsequently, he was appointed as the Envoy and Commander of Military Affairs for the provinces of Yong and Qin, the Great General of the Western Garrison, Chancellor, and Governor of Yong Province, stationed at Chang'an. He pacified the people of Qin, winning their loyalty.
At that time, Liu Yilong launched another attack on the southern border. Due to his high reputation, he was appointed to guard Hulao Pass. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he was further promoted to the position of General Who Maintains Authority, Commander of the Liangzhou Troops, and General Who Guards the West, while retaining his other official titles. When Emperor Gaozu had just ascended to the throne, he returned to the capital to serve as a senior official, later being appointed as a Palace Attendant, then promoted to General Who Conquers the West, and finally to Minister of Personnel. The Emperor also granted him a ceremonial carriage and a cane, allowing him to attend court without having to kneel. He died in the twelfth year of Taihe, at the age of seventy-three. When Emperor Gaozu was conducting ancestral sacrifices, he heard the news of his death and was deeply saddened and halted the sacrificial activities. The Emperor personally went to offer condolences, in deep mourning for his passing, and ordered relevant departments to handle his funeral arrangements, with elevated funeral arrangements. He was posthumously honored as Grand General Who Pacifies the East, Governor of Dingzhou, while his position as Minister of Personnel remained unchanged, and he was posthumously honored as the Prince of Jing. He fathered three sons.
His eldest son, Tu Wan, died young and was posthumously honored as Champion, Inspector of Bingzhou, and Marquis of Shunhou in Jinyang. His son Xian inherited his grandfather's title. He later died and was posthumously honored as Prince Xi.
His son Zun inherited the family estate. During the reign of Emperor Shizong, he was appointed as General of the Forward Army, responsible for military affairs in Youzhou, concurrently serving as General of the Western Army, and later in charge of military affairs in Qingzhou. Shortly after, he was promoted to General of the Valiant Cavalry. He was then sent to serve as General Who Conquers the Barbarians and Inspector of Youzhou. Zun was known for his gentle demeanor and sincere treatment of others, educating and positively influencing the people, who greatly admired him.
During the reign of Emperor Suzong, he was appointed as the Inspector of Jingzhou in his original position as a general, and soon after was further appointed as General of the Front. When he first arrived in Hanyang, he was still highly respected, but later he began to give and receive bribes, squandering the border reserves and damaging his reputation. During this period, the barbarian leader in the southern Mianning region and some people from Xiangyang secretly wrote a letter to Shizun, requesting to surrender and submit. Shizun submitted a request to take action, and the court agreed, so an edict was issued to appoint Shizun as the Commissioner of Military Affairs in Jingzhou and Miannan, General of Pacification in the South, as well as appointing him as Gentleman of the Cavalry. The court also sent Yi Yuansheng, the Inspector of Luozhou, and Cui Mo, the Champion General and Prefect of Luyang, as deputy generals, leading twenty thousand infantry and cavalry, following Shizun's command.
When the army arrived at the bank of the Hanshui River, Cui Mo and others were hesitant to cross the river. Shizun was furious and threatened them with force, so Cui Mo finally crossed the river. However, the insider's plan was compromised, and they were killed by Xiao Yan, the Inspector of Yongzhou, who constructed city walls for defense. Cui Mo set fire to Xiangyang City, resulting in the deaths of tens of thousands. Coincidentally, that night a strong wind and heavy snowfall occurred, and Cui Mo and others retreated, resulting in the freezing deaths of around twelve or thirteen soldiers. Shizun, Yi Yuansheng, and Cui Mo were all dismissed from their positions. Later, Shizun was appointed as Gentleman of the Cavalry, General Who Pacifies the North, and Inspector of Dingzhou, and the people enjoyed relative stability. In the first year of Xiaochang, Shizun passed away in Dingzhou. After his death, he was posthumously appointed as Gentleman of the Cavalry, General Who Conquers the West, and Inspector of Yongzhou, with the posthumous title of Prince Kang.
His son Zijing inherited his title. He served as the Grand Master of Counselors, Gentleman of the Cavalry, and Chief of the Imperial Wardrobe. Yuan Hao invaded Luoyang, and Emperor Zhuang went on a northern inspection tour. Zijing and his uncle led a rebellion at Helian, and were ultimately killed by Yuan Hao. After his death, he was posthumously appointed as the Palace Attendant, Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, Duke of the Grand Command, and Inspector of Dingzhou.
His son, Zixuan Hong, inherited his noble title. He held positions as a Counselor and a junior official. During the Wuding period, he conspired with Yuan Jin to rebel against the government, which led to their execution and the revocation of their titles.
His brother, Xijun, who was styled Shiping, held the positions of Chief of the Royal Secretariat and General of the Pacification Forces. Due to his contributions in the He Liang Rebellion, he was granted the title of Marquis of Ankang County, with a fief of five hundred households granted to him, and later promoted to Right Junior Officer in the Ministry of Personnel and General Pingdong. After his death, the court posthumously awarded him the positions of Envoy with Special Authority, General of the Eastern Expedition, and Governor of Qingzhou. During the reign of Emperor Chudi, he was posthumously further honored as General of the Cavalry, Yitong Sansi, and Governor of Jizhou. He fathered six sons in total.
His eldest son, Xin Zhi, was known for his rough demeanor and was very strong from a young age. Initially, he served as a mid-level officer in the Pingbei Prefecture of Dingzhou, gradually rising to the position of Right Junior Officer in the Ministry of Personnel. Due to his achievements in the He Zhu Rebellion, he was granted the title of Marquis of Dong'e. When Emperor Xiaozhuang planned to confront Er Zhu Rong and Yuan Tianmu, Xin Zhi secretly told Emperor Xiaozhuang: "When the day comes to take action, please allow me to stand by your side; I will personally take care of those two." Later, when Er Zhu Rong died, all the ministers congratulated the emperor, but only Xin Zhi was offered condolences by the emperor. After Emperor Xiaozhuang died in Jinyang, Xin Zhi felt very fearful. Later, when Qi's Wang Xianwu rebelled in Hebei, Xin Zhi joined his cause. During the reign of the Deposed Emperor, Xin Zhi was appointed as Right Senior Historian of the Chief Minister and Sanqi Changshi. Upon Emperor Chudi's ascension to the throne, Xin Zhi inherited his father's title of Marquis of Ankang County and was appointed General of the Guardian Army and Governor of North Xuzhou. On his way to the provincial capital, he was ambushed and killed en route during Fan Zihu's rebellion at Xiaqiu. In recognition of his death in battle, the court posthumously awarded him the positions of Envoy with Special Authority, Commander of Military Affairs in Ding and Yin Provinces, General of the Cavalry, Duke of Sikong, and Governor of Dingzhou, with the posthumous title of 'Wen Zhen.'
Xin Zhi's younger brother, Qing Luan, served as an advisor to the Minister of Works in the Wuding period.
Qing Luan's younger brother is named Qing Zhe, who eventually became the Junior Minister of Agriculture. After his death, the court posthumously appointed him as General of the Central Army and Governor of Jizhou.
Jun's younger brother is named Yu, who was tall and sturdy. He initially served as a military officer in the Ministry of Works and was later promoted to Seal Bearer, Deputy Minister of Ceremonies, General Who Pacifies the Distant, Governor of Donghai, and also served as the Commander of Tongxu. Yu was interested in studying mystical studies and often said that the Jin Dynasty was blessed, so in the later years of the Xiaochang era, he joined Erzhu Rong. In the first year of Jianyi, he entered Luoyang with Erzhu Rong. He was appointed as General of the Central Army, Grand Minister of Splendor, and was granted the title of Marquis of Kuaicheng County with a fief consisting of five hundred households. He also served as the Grand Commander of the Eastern Part of Bingzhou, stationed in Leping. After Erzhu Rong's death, he was killed by the local chieftain Wang Echan. Later, the court posthumously honored him with the titles of General of the Western Expedition and Governor of Yongzhou.
His son, Changyuan, inherited his title. He served as the Chief of Southern Qingzhou's Historical Records during the Wuding period. After the abdication of the Qi Dynasty, his title was reduced.
Yu's younger brother served as a Court Official and was posthumously appointed as Governor of Jinan after his death.
The son of his brother Tu Wan, Zhong Kui, died young.
Yu's eldest son, Fashou, initially served as a Palace Attendant and later gradually rose to the rank of Grand Master of the Palace Attendants. He was then appointed as General of the Dragon Cavalry and Governor of Anzhou. Before taking office, Fashou sent his trusted aides to conduct a covert survey of local customs and sentiments. Upon taking office, he immediately implemented clear rewards and punishments, restoring order in Anzhou. After completing his term and returning to court, many officials and residents of Anzhou came to court to commend him. Emperor Suzong held him in high regard and ordered him to return to Anzhou as Governor. Later, Fashou was summoned back to court and appointed as Grand Master of the Palace Attendants, and was also promoted to General of the Left. He was later promoted to General Who Pacifies the East and Grand Master of Splendor. In the early years of Jianyi, he was assassinated in Heyin and was posthumously honored with the titles of General of Chariots and Cavalry and Governor of Xiangzhou.
Qing Shi, the son of Fa Shou, served as the Minister of Agriculture. He was assassinated at the same time as his father and was posthumously honored with the titles of General and Governor of Guangzhou.
Qing Zun, the younger brother of Qing Shi, served as the Cavalry Commander of Yingzhou in the late period of the Wuding era.
Qing Zhi, the younger brother of Qing Zun, was very handsome and had great literary talent. He served as an Assistant to the Imperial Librarian and a Military Advisor in the Ministry of War, and eventually died while serving as the Chief Clerk to the Grand Commandant.
Fa Seng, the younger brother of Fa Shou, initially served as a Military Advisor under the Grand Commandant and later rose to the rank of Palace Attendant, General of Ningyuan, and held positions as subordinate officials in the Ministry of War and the Ministry of Defense. He had no talent for governance, and coupled with his greed and cruelty, he frequently executed people without cause and exhibited unpredictable mood swings. Families of high status like the Wangs and Jias, as well as the people of Yizhou, were all conscripted into Fa Seng's army and treated poorly. Consequently, the entire region of Yizhou turned against him and even colluded with foreign enemies. General Xiao Yan sent General Zhang Qi to attack, and the gates of Yizhou were closed during the day, preventing pedestrians and vehicles from passing. Fa Seng submitted a memorial to the court, saying: "I have been appointed as the governor of Yizhou, but unexpected events have occurred. The rebel forces are powerful everywhere. The defending army in the city has been breached, and the nearby people have also rebelled. Now only the government office is left, and extinction is just a matter of time, whether today or tomorrow. I know I am doomed to die, but I am worried that I will not be able to report to the court. As a member of the royal family, I have brought shame to my clan. If I die and become a ghost, never to see the emperor again, I will regret it deeply in the afterlife. Now I have secretly sent someone to deliver a message, hoping that the imperial army will come quickly, perhaps to save Yizhou. I wept as I sent off the messenger, unsure if he would deliver my message."
After receiving the memorial, the emperor ordered, "I had previously commanded Fu Shuyan to hurry to assist, but he has yet to arrive. Send another capable minister to urge him on horseback, hoping to rescue Fasing from peril." Fu Shuyan defeated Zhang Qi multiple times, allowing Fasing to be saved. Later, Fasing was summoned by the court to serve as a Grand Master of the Palace, and was subsequently appointed as General of the East and Inspector of Yanzhou, later promoted to General of the East and Inspector of Xuzhou. In the first year of the Xiaochang era, Fasing killed the acting commander Gao Liang and raised a rebellion in Pengcheng, proclaiming himself emperor and adopting the era name Tianqi. The imperial army was dispatched to suppress him, and Fasing, along with his sons, took the city's civil and military officials as hostages and fled south to seek refuge with Xiao Yan.
Zhong Kui's younger brother Zhong Du, styled A Cheng, once served as the Right Commander of the Crown Prince, General of the Northern Middle Legion, Commander of Fuming, and Minister of Ceremonies. He was later appointed as General of the North and Inspector of Youzhou. After his death, he was posthumously honored with the title of Zhen.
Zhong Kui's eldest son Zhong Hao, styled Hong Da, once served as the Chief Clerk of the Grand Commandant.
Zhong Hao's younger brother Zhong Hun inherited the title of Duke of Guangping from their uncle.
Zhong Hun's younger brother Zhong Bi Ling served as Minister of Works in the fifth year of Taiyan and was granted the title Duke of Nanyang. He was later appointed as General of Anyuan and commander of the Huaihuang garrison. He passed away later.
His son Tian Ju inherited the title. During the reign of Gaozu, he served as General of the Pacification of the Barbarians and Inspector of Qingzhou. Following the emperor on a southern expedition, he was granted the title of Rear General, later reduced to Marquis, and served as General of the Western Middle Legion. During the reign of Shizong, he again held the position of General of the Pacification of the Barbarians and Inspector of Xizhou. After his death, he was posthumously honored with the title of General and Inspector of Jizhou. His son Yan Bo inherited his title and later passed away as well.
Wang Yao of Henan was conferred the title of king in the sixth year of the Tianxing era. When he was five years old, he shot a sparrow in front of Emperor Taizu, hitting it with a single arrow, astonishing the emperor. As he grew up, his martial skills became unmatched, and he supervised military drills alongside Wang Xi of Yangping, gaining widespread admiration for his bravery. He passed away in the seventh year of Taichang at the age of twenty-two, leaving behind seven sons.
His eldest son, Ti, was valiant and skilled in battle, resembling his father. During the reign of Shizong, he inherited the throne and was renamed King of Yingchuan. At the age of sixteen, he went to the northern frontier to welcome the imperial consort, demonstrating remarkable skill at such a young age, earning respect from the people in the border regions. He was later renamed King of Wuchang and appointed as the General of the Eastern Expedition and the General of the Capital of Pingyuan. He served for ten years, achieving significant accomplishments and earning a widespread reputation. Later, he, along with Wang Ta of Huainan, quelled the Hu uprising in Tujing, and was promoted to General of Chariots and Cavalry, General of the Capital of Tongwan, and awarded one hundred horses and one thousand sheep, enjoying the emperor's favor greatly. He passed away in the first year of Taian at the age of forty-seven, posthumously given the title of Chengwang.
His eldest son, the King of Pingyuan, inherited his title. He was loyal, courageous, and very wise. During the reign of Xianzu, when the Rouran invaded the borders, he accompanied the emperor on the expedition and achieved great merit in the war. He was appointed as the Acting General, Commander of Military Affairs in Qiyuan and Yanzhou, General of the Southern Expedition, and Governor of Qizhou. He was skilled at winning over the people, and over a thousand households in the border areas pledged their loyalty to him.
During the reign of Emperor Gaozu, there was a rogue named Sima Xiaojun who called himself the Empress of the Jin Dynasty. He gathered more than three thousand people and camped at Pingling, even giving himself the title of "Lord of the Year," which was truly arrogant! This group attacked counties and killed officials everywhere, acting with complete disregard for the law. The Prince of Pingyuan personally led troops to quell them, but ultimately, seven of his men were lost, and only Sima Xiaojun was captured and escorted to the capital for execution.
Later, another rogue named Liu Ju emerged, also claiming to be the Son of Heaven and inciting the people everywhere, truly greedy! The Prince of Pingyuan again led troops to eliminate him. During that time, there was a famine, and the harvest was poor, causing the common people to go hungry. The Prince of Pingyuan took out over three thousand dou of rice from his own family to cook porridge and relieve the people, truly a benevolent man! Additionally, he provided travel expenses for over a thousand soldiers returning from the north, caring for them attentively. The common people praised him highly, extolling his kindness. Even over a thousand citizens, including Han Ningzhi from the state, went to the capital to submit a letter praising him, which deeply moved and impressed Emperor Gaozu.
After returning to the capital, the Prince of Pingyuan stationed his army in the southern desert every year to guard against the incursions of the Xiongnu and protect the frontier, truly a man of great merit and diligence. Later, he was appointed by the court as the military governor of four provinces: Yongzhou, Qinzhou, Liangzhou, and Yizhou, and was also granted the title of General of the Southern Expedition, with the rank equivalent to Minister of the Three Departments, and served as the governor of Yongzhou, stationed in Chang'an, holding a high position and great power. In the eleventh year of Taihe, the Prince of Pingyuan passed away. The court posthumously restored his original title, conferred ceremonial insignia, and gave him the posthumous title of Jian Wang.
The Prince of Pingyuan had five sons; his eldest son became a monk and relinquished his title to his younger brother Jian. Jian initially declined, but the emperor decreed that after Jian's death, the eldest son's grandson would inherit the title, and only then did Jian accept.
Jian, whose courtesy name was Shaoda, inherited his father's excellent qualities from a young age and read many books. He was calm and reserved, generous to others, and enjoyed making friends. Later, he was appointed as a cavalry attendant, then promoted to General of Pacification and served as the Intendant of Henan.
When the Emperor went on a southern expedition, Jian was appointed as General of Pacification, then promoted to General of the Left Guard, and later sent to serve as General of Conquest and Inspector of Qizhou. During the early days of the reforms, Jian followed the Emperor's intentions while also drawing on local customs from Qizhou to establish a well-rounded set of rules and regulations, all in accordance with the norms. After the Emperor read his memorials, he praised Jian repeatedly, only pausing after a long while, then said to his attendants, "If all provincial inspectors could be like him, changing customs and habits, what could be difficult?" The Emperor issued a decree to commend him, distributing his memorials throughout the realm and implementing them completely as Jian had recommended. The people of Qizhou were very happy, saying it was like a breath of fresh air.
After the death of the Emperor, Jian renounced his monastic life and returned to the secular world, left his first wife, and married a widow named Cao. Cao was already elderly, bringing five children with her to Licheng, where she interfered in local affairs and behaved recklessly. Jian went along with her and her five sons' corrupt practices, obeying their wishes. As a result, more and more people were imprisoned for bribery, corruption ran rampant, and the people of Qizhou suffered greatly. As a result, Jian's reputation suffered greatly.
During the early reign of Emperor Shizong, Jian was elevated to the position of Governor of Xuzhou due to his previous contributions. At that time, Xuzhou and Yanzhou were experiencing severe flooding, leading to widespread hunger among the populace. Jian submitted a memorial requesting additional disaster relief supplies, which enabled the populace to endure. Prior to this, Wang Yu, the Prince of Jingzhao, had served as the Governor of Xuzhou. Wang Yu was still young, and his chief clerk, Lu Yuan, was lenient and did not manage the subordinates strictly, resulting in many counties failing to comply with the laws. Jian reported, "Cheng Lingqiu, the Prefect of Liang County, only cares about drinking and accumulating wealth, extorting the populace and inflicting harm, which has led to a rise in banditry; lewd songs and raunchy tunes fill the streets, and the people are filled with complaints. Liang County is close to the capital, and its bad reputation can easily spread; if not addressed promptly, it could tarnish the court's reputation. I request that Cheng Lingqiu be removed from office as a form of punishment." The emperor approved Jian's request, dismissed Cheng Lingqiu from his position, and summoned him back to the capital. As a result, the political climate in Xuzhou was rejuvenated.
Xiao Yan's general stationed in Jiao City, Chai Qingzong, surrendered. Xiao Yan then dispatched Wu Qingsheng, the Prefect of Huaiyang, with over a thousand troops to take over Jiao City. As a result, Xiao Yan's reinforcements had already arrived in Huaiyin and had blocked the road. Wu Qingsheng engaged in numerous battles, defeating all the reinforcements, and pursued them successfully, ultimately leading to the capture of Jiao City.
Emperor Xiao Shizong issued an imperial decree to Xiao Yan, saying: "I know that you have captured Jiaocheng. Your strategies and tactics are outstanding, and I am extremely pleased! This city holds a crucial position along the Huai River, a vital transportation route. Since ancient times, we have long sought to capture it, but have never succeeded. It is like a nuisance of an ant nest, a longstanding threat on the border. General, you have thoughtfully devised a battle plan, successfully captured the city, achieved remarkable military feats, quickly controlled this strategic location, and cut off the enemy's transportation routes. Your achievements are on par with winning three major battles in a row, and I commend you highly! As for the defense of the city in the future, you should manage it well and reassure the soldiers, and in due time, I will send someone to you again." Xiao Yan died at the age of forty-two. The emperor posthumously bestowed upon him the titles of Grand General of Wei and Governor of Qizhou, while retaining his original title, and bestowed upon him the posthumous title of Daowang. His eldest son, Bozong, served as Yuanwailang; his second son, Zhongyuan, served as the Prefect of Lanling. Both brothers died young. Zhongyuan's younger brother, Jiwei, served as a military officer in the Ministry of War during the Wuding era.
Xiao Yan's younger brother, Xiao He, with the courtesy name Shanyi. After Xiao Yan's death, he and Xiao Yan's eldest son, Bo Zong, both competed to inherit Xiao Yan's title. The Minister of Personnel, Xiao Zhao, submitted a memorial, stating, "Xiao He had once become a monk during the Taihe era and relinquished the title to Xiao Yan. Later, because Xiao Yan believed that Xiao He's son was still too young, he returned the title to Xiao He. The late emperor once decreed that Xiao Yan could decide on his own heir. After Xiao Yan's death, Xiao He came to contest the title again. According to the late emperor's decree, the title should be passed to Xiao He's son rather than to Xiao He himself. Xiao He first yielded the title and then sought it back, which contradicts his earlier conduct, so he requested that Bo Zong inherit the title." Emperor Xiao Shizong decreed, "Xiao He initially gave the title to Xiao Yan, and Xiao Yan then passed the title to Xiao He's son; the two brothers mutually yielded to each other, which is truly commendable! Since Xiao He's son died young, let Xiao He inherit the title!" Consequently, Xiao He was appointed as an advisor and concurrently held the title of Grand Master to the Heir Apparent, later promoted to Regular Attendant of the Imperial Court and concurrently served as the General of the Eastern Central Army. When Xiao Suzong was in power, Xiao He was sent to serve as the General of National Defense and the Governor of Liangzhou, but he was later dismissed due to a mistake. After some time, he was reappointed as the Governor of Dongjun. In the fourth year of the Zhengguang era, Xiao He passed away and was posthumously honored as General of An Dong and Governor of Xiangzhou.
Zi Qian, with the courtesy name Siyu, inherited the title. He was later appointed as the General of the Front Army and the Commander of the Campaign against the Barbarians. When Emperor Zhuang ascended the throne, Zi Qian was killed at He Yin. Posthumously, he was awarded the title of Regular Attendant, Grand General of the Eastern Campaign, and Governor of Xiangzhou. His son, Zi Zhan, inherited his title. After the Qi dynasty's abdication, the rank of titles was reduced.
Zi Qian's younger brother, Jian, with the courtesy name Tansheng. During the reign of Emperor Gaozu, he served in the palace and followed the emperor to Xin Ye for military campaigns. He ultimately passed away while serving in the Yulin Command.
Liang, Jian's younger brother, styled Bixie, served as the General of Weiyuan and the Commander of the Imperial Guards. After his death, he was posthumously honored as the Governor of Hejian.
Liang's younger brother Kui, styled Daoming, once held the positions of a military advisor in the Grand Commandant's Office, a secretary in the Minister of Works' Office, General of Zhenyuan, and Junior Minister of the Court. Later, he was appointed to external offices, serving as General of Anxi and Governor of Dongqin Prefecture. During the Jianyi period, he died while in office. After his death, he was posthumously honored as General of Zhengdong and Governor of Qingzhou.
Wang Xiu of Hejian was made king in the fourth year of Tianzi. He died in the first year of Taichang, leaving no sons.
Emperor Shizu inherited the defunct title and issued an edict permitting Jier, the son of Wang Yao of Henan, to inherit Wang Xiu's title, which was then changed to the King of Lueyang. Later, he, along with Wang Jian of Yongchang, led troops to campaign against Tubo in the Fan and surrounding areas, and relocated several hundred households from Zhangye to Wuwei. As a result, he and some generals privately embezzled property. Due to his corruption, his title was downgraded to duke. He later commanded various armies in Hexi to attack the Ruanruan, reaching the southern desert region. Afterward, he regained his title and was promoted to General of Zhengxi. In the Zhengping period, he was sentenced to death for his crimes, and his title was revoked.
Wang Chuwen of Changle was made king in the fourth year of Tianzi. He was intelligent and talented from a young age. He died at the age of fourteen in the first year of Taichang. Emperor Taizong was deeply saddened and personally attended the funeral rites from the minor mourning to the burial, weeping profusely. He was buried in Jinling. He had no sons, so his title was canceled.
Wang Lian of Guangping was made king in the fourth year of Tianzi. He died in the fourth year of Shiguang, also leaving no sons.
After Emperor Shizu ascended to the throne, he appointed Hun, the second son of Prince Yangping, as the King of Nanping, allowing him to inherit the throne and also designated him as the General Who Pacifies the West. Hun was particularly skilled in horseback riding and archery; he could hit every flying bird with his arrows, which amazed people at the time. Once, Emperor Shizu organized an archery competition, declaring that whoever hit the most would win, and the competition was fierce. He then called Hun to shoot, and Hun hit all three arrows, which delighted Emperor Shizu. He valued Hun's talents and often had him serve by his side, rewarding him with a hundred horses and dozens of servants. Later, Hun was appointed as an acting general, the governor of Pingzhou's military affairs, Protector of the Eastern Yi, the Grand General Who Pacifies the East, equivalent to a minister, and the governor of Pingzhou, stationed in Helong to oversee the region. He was very effective in governing Pingzhou, and both the common people and ethnic minorities supported him. After that, he was transferred to Liangzhou as a town general, overseeing the military affairs of the Western Rong, and was rewarded with two imperial horses. He served in Liangzhou with integrity and caution, and his benevolence was felt throughout Liangzhou. When his term ended and he returned to the capital, the local elders and villagers wept as they bid him farewell, as if bidding farewell to a family member. In the eleventh year of Taihe, he joined the emperor on a tour of Fangshan, but sadly passed away along the way.
His son Feilong inherited the title and was later granted the name Xiao by the emperor. He was nine feet tall and with a ten-unit waist circumference, tall and mighty in appearance. He was upright, noble in character, and was straightforward and unafraid to offer advice; the court ministers all respected him. The founding emperor held him in high esteem, appointing him as Minister of Lineage and Right Grand Master of Guanglu. The emperor decreed, "From now on, when presenting reports to the court, ministers can address each other by name; only the King of Nanping can be addressed directly by his title." Later, he was promoted to Left Grand Master of Guanglu. In the seventeenth year of Taihe, he passed away. The court rewarded him with court attire, a garment, the finest treasures from the Eastern Garden, and one thousand bolts of silk. The founding emperor attended Xiao's funeral in mourning attire, and those around him were deeply saddened, so no banquet was held that day. The court posthumously conferred upon him the titles of General of the Guards and Governor of Dingzhou, and rewarded him with five hundred bolts of cloth. He was posthumously granted the title of Prince An.
His son Zuan succeeded to the title. Zuan was also highly respected, appointed as General of Huiwu, later promoted to General of Pingxi, concurrently serving as General of the Western Command, and later appointed as General of Anbei and Governor of Pingzhou. In the first year of Jingming, he died in Pingcheng.
His son Bohe inherited the title. He died in the third year of Yongping. The court posthumously conferred upon him the title of Attendant Cavalry Gentleman, and posthumously honored him with the title of Prince Ai. (Records are missing here) regarding his role as Governor of Liangzhou.
His son Sili served as the magistrate of Yingzhou during the Wuding period. Sili's brother Shulue served as the Chief Clerk to the Grand Commandant during the Wuding period.
King Li of Jingzhao was granted a royal title in the fourth year of Tianci and passed away in the first year of Shenyou. His son Gen inherited the title, was re-titled as King of Jiangyang, and was appointed as General of Pingbei. After his death without sons, Xianzu permitted the second son of King Xiao of Nanping to inherit the title.
Ji, whose courtesy name was Shiren, inherited the title of Prince of Jiangyang and was promoted to General of Pingbei as well. During the reign of Gaozu, he was appointed as a special envoy with authority, General of Anbei, and Grand General of Fuming Town, later being promoted to Governor of Rouxuan Town, overseeing the military affairs of Fuming and Huaihuang Towns, General of Zhenbei, and Grand General of Rouxuan Town. He was subsequently reassigned to the capital as General of the Left Guard, concurrently serving as a palace attendant and also as the Commander-in-Chief, tasked with guarding Luoyang. Shortly after, he was again appointed as a special envoy with authority and General of Pingbei, stationed at the old capital.
Shuzhe, the leader of the Gaoche tribe, led a rebellion with his clansmen. The court ordered Ji to lead the northern military campaign, and the regions east of Huaishuo fell under his command. Ji reported, “Those stubborn rebels of Gaoche do not understand the authority and laws of the court; they recklessly gather together to escape labor and return to their tribe. Given their fierce brutality, the situation has reached a critical point. If we pursue and kill the leader of the rebellion, it may further disrupt the situation. I request that an envoy be sent to investigate and verify the situation carefully, execute the leader of the rebellion, and pacify the others. If they repent and are willing to serve, let them enlist in the army.” The emperor approved his request. Thus, the rebels gradually surrendered. Gaozu held him in high regard and said to his officials, “The Prince of Jiangyang can indeed shoulder great responsibilities!” When the emperor toured the north and arrived at Yecheng, all of Gaoche surrendered, and Hengzhou and Shuozhou also returned to peace. Due to the Gaoche rebellion, Ji repeatedly submitted memorials to request clemency, and Gaozu responded with comforting edicts.
During the reign of Shizong, he was appointed as General of Conquering the Enemy and Governor of Qingzhou, later promoted to General of Pingbei and Governor of Hengzhou, and finally reassigned to the capital as Minister of Revenue. During his tenure in Qingzhou, the people suffered from famine, and he even had his servants forcibly take local women as wives and concubines, treating law-abiding citizens as maidservants, which led to his impeachment by the censors, resulting in his dismissal from office and loss of title. Later, General Gao Zhao launched an attack on the Shu region, and Shizong appointed Ji as General of Pingdong, stationed in Xuzhou and Yangzhou. After Shizong's death, he returned to the capital city.
It is said that when Empress Dowager Ling was in power, her nephew Yuan Cha, the son of her younger brother, first married his aunt and then inherited his father's title. Shortly after, he was promoted to be an Imperial Attendant and General of the Guards. Later on, he was further promoted to be a Special Advisor and Cavalry General, while still holding his previous titles. Yuan Cha repeatedly declined these promotions in his petitions, which the Empress Dowager initially agreed to, but later issued an edict to restore his previous official positions. At that time, the Grand Preceptor Yuan Yong, the Grand Tutor Yuan Yi, the Grand Protector Yuan Huai, and eight other court ministers submitted a joint memorial, stating that Yuan Cha had pacified the Gaoche people and secured the four border garrisons during the Taihe era, and should be granted an additional 1,500 households of land grants. Yuan Cha once again declined in his petition, and the Empress Dowager ordered it to be reduced to 1,000 households.
Because Empress Dowager Ling was related to Yuan Cha, she often took Emperor Xiaowen (Emperor Suzong) on outings to visit Yuan Cha's home, hosting banquets and being particularly generous with rewards to Yuan Cha. Before long, Yuan Cha was promoted to Imperial Attendant, Cavalry General, and Chief of the Imperial Secretariat, while still holding his previous titles. He was also granted the title of King of Jingzhao. Yuan Cha was in poor health and had been bedridden for many years, only able to rest at home. Whenever Empress Dowager Ling and Emperor Xiaowen went on outings, they would have him escorted into the palace to serve in the palace. Despite his illness, he would push through the pain to attend festivals and banquets. Later, he was promoted to Minister of Construction, while still retaining his position as Imperial Attendant. He was known for his kindness and gentleness, showing kindness to others, and everyone referred to him as the Elder.
During the reign of the Divine Tortoise, Zicha (referring to Yuancha) finally rose to power and was appointed as the Minister of Personnel, in addition to the position of Chamberlain. Due to his previous important positions during the reign of Emperor Gaozu, the emperor held him in high regard. Later, when Empress Dowager Ling held court, Zicha earned her trust and became part of the inner circle of decision-making, holding important positions in the government, steadily rising in rank to become a senior official in the central government, wielding significant power and enjoying great prestige.
Afterwards, Zicha repeatedly submitted requests to resign from his position, wanting to pass the Minister of Personnel title to Cui Guang. The emperor sent Chamberlain Yanming of Anfeng and the Yellow Gate Chamberlain Lu Tongdun to persuade him. Zicha firmly declined once again. As a result, he was promoted to Grand Guardian, retaining his position as Chamberlain and adding the ceremonial honors of the rear guard. Despite his repeated requests to resign, the emperor did not allow it. The emperor issued an edict saying, "Today is an auspicious day and a court celebration should be held; for esteemed elders and relatives, they should be treated generously. Your high position and seniority warrant such treatment. Following the court assembly, you may sit in your seat and be exempt from the kneeling ceremony." He was subsequently promoted to Grand Tutor, with his position as Chamberlain remaining unchanged. Despite his repeated refusals, the emperor still did not agree, and only after being persuaded by envoys did he reluctantly accept.
At that time, Zicha held the power of life and death in his hands, and his influence was immense, with his disciples and former officials spread throughout the court. On the day he was appointed as the Grand Tutor, the court was filled with people who came to see him off. At that time, people thought it was a great honor, but some astute observers felt concerned. The court prepared a sumptuous feast to entertain the guests. The emperor even ordered him to ride in a ceremonial chariot to the palace, assisted by two people, with the same etiquette as the Prime Minister Gaoyang Wang. Later, he was appointed as the Imperial Commissioner, Grand Preceptor, Grand General, Chancellor, and Commander of the Western Army. On the day of departure, the emperor personally went to the outskirts to see him off, and civil and military officials alike came to bid him farewell, showering him with countless rewards. He was promoted to Grand Commandant, Grand Preceptor, Chancellor, and Commander of the Army, among other titles. Soon after, he submitted a memorial requesting to return to the capital. Later, he requested to return to Jiangyang, and the emperor approved his request.
In the evening, he was especially greedy, relentlessly extorting money and property. No newly appointed local official could escape his bribery; they all had to flatter him. His wife also asked people everywhere to do things for her, even small county officials were under his influence, making fair talent selection impossible. He abused his power, and the judges dared not interfere with him, bringing disaster upon the nation. Later, he was dismissed from office and retired at home.
Historically, when Erzhu Rong was in power, he frequently gifted him fine horses, and he responded enthusiastically, creating a favorable impression on Erzhu Rong. When the uprising began, he was appointed as Grand Preceptor and Governor of Sizhou. He died in the second year of Yongan, and the court posthumously bestowed upon him numerous official titles, which were quite impressive: Acting Yellow Battle-axe, Commander-in-chief of the military affairs in Yonghua, Jing, Bin, Qin, Qi, Liang, Yi, and Nine Provinces, Grand General, Recorder of the Imperial Book, Grand Prime Minister, Governor of Yongzhou, retaining his original title. He was posthumously honored with the title of Wulie.
Yuan Cha, whose courtesy name was Bozhuan and nickname was Yechai, was the eldest son. During the reign of Emperor Sejong, he was appointed as an official in the Ministry of Rites. When Empress Dowager Ling was in power, because Yuan Cha was her brother-in-law, she promoted him to Tongzhi Sanqi Shilang. Yuan Cha's wife was granted the title of Lady of Xinpings, later promoted to Lady of Fengyi, and also appointed as a female attendant in the palace. For these reasons, Yuan Cha's power grew increasingly, and soon he was promoted to Sanqi Changshi and then to the position of Shaoqing of the Ministry of Rites, responsible for the royal cuisine, and later promoted to Qing of the Ministry of Rites.
Yuan Cha's daughter died young, and Empress Dowager Ling issued an edict saying, "Yuan Cha's eldest daughter, who was approaching marriageable age, has unfortunately passed away. I am deeply saddened and hereby posthumously grant her the title of Lady of the Township." Shortly thereafter, Yuan Cha was promoted to Shizhong, while his other official positions remained unchanged, and he was additionally granted the title of General in Command of the Army. Because he held a high position in the court and commanded the Imperial Guards, he was highly trusted and relied upon by Empress Dowager Ling. At that time, the Grand Tutor, Prince Qinghe Yi, as a royal relative and a wise man, assisted in state affairs and participated in decision-making. He felt that Yuan Cha was arrogant due to his favoritism and ambitious, so he sought to keep him in check according to the law. Yuan Cha looked down on Yi and always wanted to see him dismissed.
Therefore, Yuan Cha instructed Song Wei, the Tongzhilang, to falsely accuse Han Wenshu, the commander of the Si Ran army, of plotting to rebel and supporting Prince Yi of Qinghe. This led to Prince Yi's imprisonment. Later, it was found that there was no evidence; although Yi was acquitted, he remained under guard in a separate residence west of the palace. Eventually, Yuan Cha grew fearful that Yi might pose a threat to him, so he conspired with Liu Teng, an attendant. At that time, Empress Dowager Ling was in the Jiafu Hall; before she could reach the front hall, Liu Teng tricked Hu Xuandu and Hu Ding, the officials in charge of the imperial meals, falsely accusing Prince Yi of accepting money and goods from the Hu brothers and claiming that Prince Yi intended to poison the emperor and declare himself emperor, promising the Hu brothers wealth and nobility. Liu Teng reported these accusations, which Emperor Suzong believed, prompting him to go to Xianyang Hall. Liu Teng closed the door to Yongxiang Lane, trapping Empress Dowager Ling inside. After Prince Yi entered the palace, he met Yuan Cha behind the Hanzhang Hall and wanted to enter the Huizhang Dongge, but Yuan Cha shouted to stop him. Yi asked, "Do you want to rebel?" Yuan Cha replied, "I am not rebelling; I am just trying to capture the rebels." Yuan Cha ordered over thirty men, including Zongshi and Zhizhai, to seize Yi by his sleeves and take him to the Hanzhang Dongsheng, sending dozens of people to guard him. Liu Teng false
Later on, Guo Ziyi was in charge of sensitive affairs, and all major and minor issues were under his control. His authority instilled fear both within and outside the court, and all the officials in the court held him in high regard. "The governor of Xiangzhou, Prince Zhongshan Xi Kang, rebelled under the guise of attacking the Cheshi, but ultimately failed and was executed." Xi Kang rebelled, claiming to seek vengeance against Guo Ziyi, but he ultimately failed and was executed. Guo Ziyi was soon promoted to the position of Guard General, and everything else remained the same as before.
Later, Empress Dowager Ling and Emperor Suzong held a banquet at the Xilin Garden. As they returned to the palace that evening, Right Guard General Xi Kangsheng attempted another assassination on Guo Ziyi, but ultimately failed and was killed in the end. This incident is noted in "The Biography of Guo Ziyi." Afterwards, Emperor Suzong moved to the Huoyin Hall to live, and Guo Ziyi also lived on the right side of the hall. Due to his proximity to the emperor, he flattered the emperor to gain his favor, and as a result, he gained the emperor's trust. When entering and leaving the imperial palace, he always had armed guards protecting him with swords, bolstering security for both his official duties and personal affairs. He built a wooden fence outside the Qianqiu Gate, where he would occasionally rest there during his comings and goings, with trusted aides stationed inside to thwart any assassination attempts. Others could only pay their respects from a distance if they wanted to see him. His son, Guo Liang, was appointed as the Duke of Pingyuan, with a fief of one thousand households. During the title conferral, Emperor Suzong personally visited the South Gate to oversee the proceedings and rewarded him with an exceptional horse and a thousand bolts of premium silk.
At the beginning, when Guo Ziyi held power, he still pretended to be humble, was courteous to scholars, and showed concern for current affairs. However, he lacked genuine talent and foresight. After he gained power, he became arrogant, became obsessed with wine and women, and doled out rewards and punishments according to his whims. He built a treasury in the palace to store treasures. He even concealed women in food boxes, covering them with handkerchiefs, and had them carried into the palace, and the same way when they left. Though the palace guards were aware of this, no one dared to speak up. Opportunists sought to curry favor with him through wine and women; his nieces, sisters, and women were entangled with various people. Government affairs fell into neglect, and discipline deteriorated, with most of the local officials being unsuitable candidates. This led to widespread chaos.
After Liu Teng died, defenses were lax. Cha Po grew complacent, often staying out overnight, loitering in other cities every day. Empress Dowager Ling watched all of this closely. Cha Po had become utterly careless and let his guard down. Those around him offered their counsel, but he ignored it.
In the autumn of the fifth year of Zhengguang, Empress Dowager Ling addressed Emperor Xiaowu (Suzong): "They have isolated me from my son, not allowing me to see him. What purpose does my presence serve here? Permit me to renounce the world and become a nun; I want to leave the secular world forever and go to the Songgao Xianju Temple to meditate. The late emperor, wise as he was, foresaw this day; that’s why he had this temple constructed." Empress Dowager Ling wanted to leave the palace. Suzong and his ministers were filled with dread, falling to their knees in tears, pleading with her desperately. Empress Dowager Ling remained resolute and unwavering.
Emperor Suzong stayed in Jiafu Hall for several days and then hatched a plot with the Empress Dowager against Cha Po. Although Emperor Suzong planned to deal with Cha Po in his heart, he put on a very cautious front. The angry words of the Empress Dowager and her desire to go to Xianyang Palace (the residence of the Empress Dowager) were all told to Cha Po. Furthermore, he wept to Cha Po, expressing his inner worries and fears, engaging in such secret talks multiple times a day. Cha Po did not suspect anything at all, but instead advised Emperor Suzong to obey the Empress Dowager. As a result, the Empress Dowager often went to Xianyang Palace, and there were no longer any obstacles between the two palaces.
It is said that Cha Yuan's father, Cha Yuanfa, was appointed as the governor of Xuzhou, but this old fool rebelled! The Empress Dowager kept telling the emperor about this matter, and Cha Yuan himself felt especially guilty and remorseful. At that time, Prime Minister Wang Yong of Gao Yang, although holding a higher official position than Cha Yuan, was also quite afraid of Cha Yuan and wanted to advise Emperor Suzong, but never found the opportunity. Later, when the Empress Dowager and Emperor Suzong went to Luoshui to play, Wang Yong invited them to his house as guests. With the sun setting, Emperor Suzong and the Empress Dowager entered Yong's inner room, and no one else was permitted inside, discussing how to deal with Cha Yuan.
When Wang Yong accompanied Emperor Suzong to report to the Empress Dowager, he said, "I don't worry about other rebels, only about Cha Yuan! Why is that? He controls the Forbidden Army; he holds all the military power; his father leads a million troops, keeping a watchful eye on the capital from the west; his brother is a commander, leading the troops of Sanqi. If Cha Yuan has no bad intentions, it's fine, but if he does, how can the court defend itself? He claims he's not rebelling outwardly, but who knows what he is thinking? We must be on guard!" The Empress Dowager said, "Yes! If Cha Yuan is truly loyal to the court and has no rebellious intentions, why doesn't he give up his military power and serve as another official to support the court?"
Yuan Cha was terrified when he heard this news and quickly removed his hat and requested to be relieved of his duties. Therefore, the emperor appointed him as the General of the Cavalry, with the title of Yitong Sansi (Minister of Personnel), and Imperial Attendant, overseeing the left and right. Although Yuan Cha lost his military power, he still held great authority both inside and outside the court, and it was unlikely he would be dismissed anytime soon. Later, after Yuan Cha stayed out for a night, the emperor stripped him of his position as Imperial Attendant. The next day, when he tried to enter the palace, the gatekeeper refused him entry, and soon after, he was reduced to the status of a commoner.
Earlier, King Xianyang Xi was killed for conspiracy, and his son Shu fled to Xiao Yan, who appointed him as King of Ye. After the monk Fa's rebellion, Shu wrote a letter to the officials of the court, declaring:
"The Wei dynasty is declining, treacherous ministers are in power, and the country is in imminent danger; it is truly a time of upheaval! Yuan Cha is ruthless and morally corrupt, distanced from the court, and originally had no reputation, but quickly rose to power and wealth simply because he is a relative of the Empress Dowager. He repays kindness with betrayal and openly rebels; such rebellious acts incite the wrath of both heaven and earth! Recently, it has been rumored everywhere that Yuan Cha has wild ambitions, becoming increasingly arrogant with his power; he is insidious and cunning, worsening his behavior, showing no loyalty to the relationship between ruler and subject; he will inevitably attempt to usurp the throne!"
I heard that reputation serves to establish trust, and credibility is meant to regulate behavior. Even mountains and rivers have hidden troubles that don't need names; not to mention military rebellions and ministers who betray their sovereign, examples of which can be found in historical records. Yuan Cha was originally known as Yasha, and his brother Luoshi as Rakshasa; Yasha and Rakshasa are indeed fearsome man-eating demons! If it weren't for the black wind they encountered, their fate would be like falling leaves. Alas, O Wei State, steer clear of these two disasters! Just like that rotten tree that drinks from the spring, endlessly drawing but never giving back; those who thrive on false fame to deceive others, if they do not participate, will not be implicated. Moreover, the names of these brothers suggest they can consume all; this reputation has lingered for ages, and only now do I believe it. Furthermore, their mother was insulted, and the succeeding sovereign was humiliated; Yuan Cha resigned his post and led troops in a plot against the royal family—this is far from how a minister should behave! Those virtuous ministers—some have built their integrity over generations, some have served as officials from father to son, some have served in several dynasties, some hold important positions, some have marital ties with the royal family, and some uphold loyalty and righteousness; they all bow their heads in submission, oppressed by Yuan Cha's fierce power, and the integrity of these ministers never even got a chance to show before they toiled away their lives.
I have also heard that since Yuan Cha seized power, the common people have grown disheartened and lost their loyalty. Coupled with annual natural disasters and man-made disasters, floods and droughts have been relentless, with cattle and horses perishing in droves, and mulberry and ramie trees withering. Famine has continued relentlessly, with emaciated people everywhere on the roads, and demons and monsters rampant, with cries of lamentation filling the air. To the northwest of the Chanjian, the Qiang and Rong tribes are causing chaos; around the Si and Bian rivers, soldiers and transport workers are displaced. Furthermore, Yuan Cha has cruelly harmed loyal subjects and executed members of the royal family, putting our Wei state on the verge of collapse. Now that troops have been mobilized for a campaign, we must root out the treachery surrounding the king. My humble wish is for the common people to live in peace and prosper, for those great villains to receive their due punishment, and for the Wei state to not decline as a result.
Yuan Cha is indeed like this; he is reviled by people everywhere.
Later, Empress Ling said to the officials around her, "Liu Teng and Yuan Cha had previously asked me for an iron certificate, seeking a guarantee of their lives, which I did not agree to at the time." The minister Han Zixi then said, "This is a matter of life and death; how can we only think about whether to give them the iron certificate? Your Majesty, you did not grant it before, so why not execute them now?" Upon hearing this, Empress Ling felt a pang of hesitation.
Before long, it was reported that Yuan Cha and his brother Yuan Zhao were plotting a rebellion, intending to have their accomplices attack various counties near the capital, disrupt markets, and burn towns and villages to sow chaos both inside and outside the court. They had even sent Yuan Cha's cousin Yuan Hongye to lead the surrendered households in Dingzhou to rise in rebellion and incited the barbarian tribes of Luyang to invade Yique, while the Yuan brothers provided support from within. The date for the uprising was already set, and their conspiracy letters had also been discovered. Empress Ling struggled to make a decision since Yuan Cha was her brother-in-law.
Li Yan, the Minister of the Yellow Gate, said: "Yuan Cha's crimes are known far and wide; how can we continue to hesitate and mislead the public?" Xu He from the Yellow Gate also stepped forward to offer counsel, but after much hesitation, he found himself unable to speak. The ministers were all adamant about dealing with Yuan Cha, and Emperor Su Zong repeatedly urged them, so Empress Ling finally agreed. Thus, Yuan Cha and his brother Yuan Zhao were sentenced to death at home. However, out of sisterly affection, the Empress posthumously conferred upon Yuan Cha the titles of Shizhong, General of the Cavalry, Yitong Sansi, Minister of State, and Governor of Jizhou. Yuan Cha's son, Yuan Liang, inherited the family title. Later, when the Qi dynasty abdicated, his title was subsequently diminished. Yuan Cha's eldest illegitimate son, Yuan Zhi, held the position of secretary. After Yuan Cha's death, he fled and sought asylum with Xiao Yan.
Luo Zhonggang, the younger brother of Luo Cha, was known for his frugality. He initially served as a military officer in the position of Sikong, later advanced to the position of Minister of Works, and also held positions such as Taster, Cavalry Officer, and Cavalry Attendant. Despite the great power of his father and brother, he was humble, prudent, gentle, and kind. Later, he was promoted to General of Pingdong and Governor of Qingzhou. At that time, Luo Cha held great power in court, was well-known, and many prestigious scholars, such as Wang Yuanjing, Xing Zicai, and Li Jiang, often visited him in Qingzhou. When Xiao Yan sent troops to invade the border, Luo Zhonggang was appointed as General of Fùjūn, overseeing military affairs in Qingzhou, Guangzhou, and Nanshengzhou. After he stepped down as Governor, he returned to the court as Zong Zhengqing (Minister of Rites). In the early years of Emperor Xiaozhuang, he was appointed as Right Deputy Minister of Personnel and Grand Ambassador of the East. During the reign of Emperor Chu, he was promoted to Minister of Personnel, and soon after, he served as Imperial Commissioner, General of Chariots and Cavalry, Governor of Líangzhou, and Supervisor of Líangzhou. Luo Zhonggang was known to be weak and cowardly. In the early years of Emperor Xiaojing, Xiao Yan's forces besieged Líangzhou, and Luo Zhonggang ultimately surrendered to Xiao Yan. After Luo Cha's death, Luo Zhonggang even forced Luo Cha's wife, an act that was widely condemned at the time, but some argued it was a desperate act of self-preservation.
Luo Zhonggang's younger brother, Luo Jingzhe, was clever and quick-witted from a young age and was deeply favored by their father. He initially served as a secretary and later gradually rose to the position of Huangmen Shilang and Jinzi Guanglu Dafu. He passed away in the second year of the Yongxi era and was posthumously honored with titles including Shichijie, Dudu of Jingqi in the three states of Qin, Wei General, Left Deputy of the Ministry of Rites, and Governor of Qinzhou, posthumously named Yi. Luo Jingzhe's son, Luo Delong, served as the Prince's Middle Assistant during the later years of the Wuding era; his brother, Luo Man, held the position of Guangluqing during the later years of Wuding; Luo Cha's brother, Luo Jingyong, served as Shizhong and, like Luo Cha, was ultimately executed for a crime.
Luo Cha's another brother, Luo Hou, settled in Changping County, Yanzhou, when the capital moved to Luoyang due to his ancestors' tomb being in the north. His family was wealthy and led a carefree life, never bothering to travel to the capital. Whenever guests came by, he would warmly entertain them and present generous gifts. He had great influence and reputation in the northern region. Given his influence, Luo Cha appointed him as the Governor of Changping after Luo Hou declined an official position. In the later years of Zhengguang, rebels led by Da Efo Bao seized Changping County, resulting in Luo Hou's death. Luo Hou's son, Luo Jingzun, served as Zhi Zhen and Taichang Cheng.
Historical records say: Eagles are created by heaven in such a way that they know their mother but forget their father; this is the nature of beasts, and Yuan Shao is even worse than an eagle! Yuan Shao's sons died young, and their talents and military skills never had a chance to shine. Yuan Shao's two sons, Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang, were quite famous at the time. Yuan Shao's brother, Yuan Shu, was also well-known and received high positions. Yuan Shao was favored by Gaozu, inheriting and serving in the position of Taihe. Without genuine talent and knowledge, how could he have achieved such prestigious positions?
However, he favored his close associates, lacked the wisdom to pursue great ambitions, had great responsibilities but lacked the ability, ultimately leading to chaos, and in the end, he was killed, but managed to preserve the family lineage; you could even say that was a stroke of luck, right?
