Riding six dragons, cutting through the waves, speeding across the vast seas and boundless wilderness! Along the way, passing through eight countries, crossing high mountains, traversing valleys, soaring through clouds and mists, heading straight to Mount Tai in the east. Immortals and fairies descend to earth gracefully, roaming with me, riding six dragons, drinking jade nectar, making rivers flow backward, no longer rushing eastward. Drinking the jade nectar, all my worries vanish. Continuing forward, reaching the immortal Penglai Mountain, ascending to the heavenly gates. Arriving beneath the Jade Palace in heaven, being welcomed inside, sitting face to face with Chisongzi, looking around in all directions, the scenery is magnificent and radiant. My imperial spirit is in full bloom, my qi is flourishing, spreading throughout the four directions endlessly. If I remain silent and cherish this vibrant qi, it can grant me boundless longevity! Heading east all the way, reaching the vast sea, connecting with the sky. The path of immortals is deep and unfathomable, filled with mystery. One must focus, maintain a calm mind, and be free of greed, meditate in seclusion, stay true to one's heart; the heavens will naturally align with you, granting you longevity. I yearn for guidance from the immortals, riding in a cloud carriage, driving a white deer, reaching the gates of heaven, obtaining the divine elixirs of immortals. I will kneel in devotion to receive, respectfully serving the gods. Only in this way will the great path come to you.
Hua Yin Mountain, boasting to be the highest peak in the world, towering over a hundred feet, shrouded in floating clouds. Immortals arrive, riding the wind and accompanied by rain. I play the Dongxiao flute and pluck the Se Qin zither—what a melodious and pleasant sound! Accompanied by fine wine, delicious food, and song and dance, it is truly joyful and harmonious! The jade maiden dances gracefully, her movements exquisite, lasting for a long time. The drumbeats are deafening, coming from the northwest, as immortals ride on auspicious clouds in grand dragon carriages! We wander freely, reaching Kunlun Mountain at the world's end, by the side of the Queen Mother of the West. The golden palaces and jade pavilions of the immortals—who are these visitors? It turns out to be Chisongzi and Wang Qiao, the guides to the path of immortality. We sing and laugh together until the sun sets. Everyone raises their cups in celebration, raising a toast to prosperity for generations to come!
Touring Junshan, the scenery is absolutely breathtaking! The mountains are rugged, with bizarre peaks and formations, creating a mesmerizing fairyland. Arriving at the Queen Mother's palace, with golden steps and jade walls, the palace shines magnificently, with Lingzhi grass growing beside it. The east and west guest chambers are filled with lively guests. The host toasts frequently, toasting to the guests' health and longevity. May this joyful time last forever, and may future generations share in this blessing! I wholeheartedly wish the host a long and happy life, as enduring as heaven and earth!
Jue Chu Sheng "Jing Lie" (Emperor Wu's poem)
At first, all things are brought into being by the Dao, and nothing is eternal. Even sages cannot escape this fate, so why should I be concerned? How I long to ride the clouds like a dragon and dwell on Kunlun Mountain! Living on Kunlun Mountain may seem strange to others, but my true aspirations are set on Penglai Fairy Island. As the eras of Zhou Gong and Confucius have passed, they have turned into mere tombs on Mount Kuaiji. Who can truly know their rise and fall? A nobleman does not worry about this. As I age, what shall I do? As time passes, my energy fades day by day.
In the Jiangnan region, lotus flowers bloom abundantly, their leaves spreading wide. Fish play among the lotus leaves, in the east, west, south, and north.
Among heaven and earth, people are the most precious. A monarch is established to govern the people and establish various rules and regulations. Wheel tracks and horse prints cover the land, connecting all directions. With clear rewards and punishments, the people flourish. Wise saints rule the country, appointing vassals, establishing a hierarchical system, and managing laws and prisons. Even though the "Dan Book" was burned, no general amnesty was granted. Did Gao Yao's "Fu Xing" ever fall short in its duties? Alas, future monarchs continually change systems and laws, taxing the people for their own benefit. Emperor Shun used lacquer on his dining utensils, leading to the betrayal of ten states; not as good as Tang Yao, who did not even cut down a single beam. People admire Boyi, hoping to inspire the world with his example. The drawbacks of extravagance are significant; frugality is truly a virtue. Xu You refused an official position, which led to the absence of lawsuits. By promoting universal love and unity, even those once distant become kin.
Dongguang! Why not Cangwu! Cangwu is filled with spoiled grain, useless to the troops. The wandering soldiers endure great hardship from their early travels.
From the mountaintop, there are many things in the valley. The Chinese parasol trees are over a thousand feet tall, with a dense variety of lush vegetation, vibrant flowers and foliage, countless in number. Wild chickens are calling and pheasants are crowing, tigers are roaring in the valley, and the mountain wind is howling. A large brown bear blocked my path, staring at me fiercely, showing its teeth.
Only twenty-two emperors ruled during the Han Dynasty... (This is a poem and will not be translated)
The Han Dynasty passed down twenty-two generations of emperors, many of whom were corrupt or ineffective. They were like monkeys dressed in neat hats, looking decent but actually not very capable, always trying to put on a show. Indecisive, they ended up being controlled by the ministers during hunting. Even the heavens couldn't stand by, and ominous signs like "a white rainbow piercing the sun" appeared, leading to disaster for the Han Dynasty. Those treacherous officials seized power, killed the emperor, and destroyed the capital Chang'an. The foundation of the Great Han Dynasty was utterly shattered, and even the ancestral temple was set ablaze. The people were forced to flee to the west, crying all the way. Standing outside Luoyang, looking at the once prosperous scene, even the descendant of the Shang Dynasty couldn't help but feel sad.
People in the east who valued justice rose up to punish the bad guys. They initially gathered at Mengjin, aiming straight for Xianyang. However, the army did not cooperate well, acting chaotically like a flock of geese. Driven by interests, everyone began to fight for power and personal gain, and eventually even started killing each other. The King of Huainan even declared himself emperor and had imperial seals made in the north. The soldiers' armor was crawling with lice, and countless common people died and were injured. White bones were everywhere, and not even a rooster could be heard for miles. Only one in ten common people remained, a heartbreaking thought.
"Hao Li Xing"
(This poem does not need to be translated)
Drinking and singing, celebrating a time of peace and prosperity! Officials do not need to go door-to-door urging the people to pay taxes. The emperor is wise and mighty, the ministers are loyal, and everyone is polite and respectful. The common people live in harmony. Three years of farming yields enough to last for nine, the granaries are full, and even the elderly need not worry about food. There is sufficient rain, abundant crops, and even horse dung can be used to enrich the fields. From dukes to commoners, everyone cares for the people; rewards and punishments are clear, and fathers, sons, and brothers live in harmony. Those who break the law will face appropriate punishment. There's no theft on the roads, prisons are empty, and there's always enough food, even in winter. The elderly can live out their days in peace, benefiting from the emperor's grace; even the plants and insects benefit.
"Toasting"
(The poem does not need to be translated)
The rooster crows from the treetops.
"The Cock's Crow"
(The poem does not need to be translated)
The rooster crows from the treetops, and the dogs bark deep in the palace. Where has that little guy gone? The world is at peace! The law is strict; tolerance is just a way to manage chaos. The palace gates are adorned with gold, and the windows and railings are made of beautiful jade. There are two vases of fine wine on top, inviting the singers from Handan to perform. Liu Yubi's blue-green bricks, later followed by Guomen Wang. In his backyard, there's a square pond where he keeps mandarin ducks. Seventy-two mandarin ducks are lined up neatly. Their chirping reaches the east wing of my palace. He has four or five brothers, all serving as attendants. They visit every five days, and each time, crowds gather by the roadside. The horses wear shiny golden headstalls, looking magnificent! Peach trees grow by the dew well, and plum trees grow next to the peach trees. Insects gnaw at the roots of the peach trees, causing the plum trees to wither. Trees can sacrifice themselves for each other, yet brothers forget one another!
This poem "The Crow" describes: The crow hatched eight or nine chicks, all quietly staying on the osmanthus tree in the Qin family’s yard. Oh, the Qin family, there's a good-for-nothing son in the family, who's good at playing the Suiyang Qiangsuhe. He held a strong ball in his left hand, and two balls flew around the crow. Oh, one ball hit the crow, killing it and sending its soul flying to heaven. When the mother crow gave birth to these little crows, it was among the rocks in the South Mountain. Oh, how do people know where the crow's nest is? The road is so twisted, how can anyone find it? In the royal park to the west, hunters can still shoot white deer and enjoy venison. Oh, swans fly so high, yet you can still find roasted swan on the palace menu. Carp in the depths of the Luo River, fishing hooks can still reel in carp. Oh, everyone has their own fate, what is there to argue about life and death?
This poem "Ping Ling" talks about: East of Ping Ling, pine, cypress, and tong trees are lush, and it's unclear who robbed Yi Gong. Yi Gong was robbed under the high hall, and a million taels of silver were stolen, and he escaped on horseback. Escaping on horseback is no easy feat; he looked back, saw the pursuers, and felt terrified. Feeling scared, he bled profusely, went home, told his family, and sold the yellow calf.
Finally, this poem "Abandoning Hometown" is part of "On the Roadside Mulberry" and talks about... (specific content is omitted here because the original text did not provide the specific content of "Abandoning Hometown," only mentioning that it is a poem by Emperor Wen and is in the Se Diao "East and West Gate Walk").
I left my hometown, left my home, and journeyed far away to join the army. Along the way, I fought my way through thorns and brambles, searching for the road, struggling alone on a path that was narrow and rugged. The roars of tigers and leopards echoed terrifyingly, chickens flapped, dogs barked, and birds took flight, calling out to find companions. I climbed the South Mountain, stepping on jagged stones amidst dense, chaotic trees. I slept on the grass beneath the pines and cypresses, my tears soaking the pillow. The journey was lonely, days passed by, and I felt sorry for myself, enduring unbearable pain.
Now someone wrote a poem "On the Roadside Mulberry Tree":
There is a person, in the mountains, dressed in ivy and carrying a vine. Both shy and smiling, admiring my beauty. Riding a red leopard, following a civet cat, the scent of osmanthus wafting, driving with a flag of cassia. Draped in orchids and carrying solanum, breaking off flowers and weeds, leaving behind thoughts. In a secluded room, never seen, the perilous and lonely journey. Standing alone, on the mountain, how can clouds be so gentle and below? Dark and dim, day and night, the east wind blows the spirit of the gods. Wind rustling, trees swaying, missing the lord, only to worry.
Now someone else wrote a poem "On the Roadside Mulberry Tree":
Driving on a rainbow, riding on crimson clouds, climbing the Nine Barriers to the Jade Gate. Crossing the Milky Way, reaching Kunlun, seeing the Queen Mother of the West, paying respects to the Eastern Lord. Passing by the red pines and the gate of envy, receiving the secret path of love and spirit. Eating fairy grass, drinking divine spring water, holding a staff of cassia branches and wearing autumn orchids. Forsaking worldly affairs, I drift through primordial chaos like a swift wind. The scenery unchanged, walking thousands of miles, living as long as the Southern Mountains, never forgetting faults.
This is Xun Xu's "Qing Shang San Diao Ge Shi," using the old song Ping Diao.
Next is Emperor Wu's "Short Song of Six Resolutions," including the part of Zhou Xibo Chang:
Zhou Xibo Chang, possessing this holy virtue, dividing the realm, possessing two parts. Maintaining offerings and contributions, loyal and steadfast. Honoring the marquis, thus he was detained. (First resolution)
Later, he was pardoned, given axes and weapons, allowed to go on military expeditions. Praised by Confucius, reaching virtue and conduct, still serving the Yin, discussing his beauty. (Second resolution)
The achievements of Duke Huan were the foremost in achieving dominance, uniting the vassals, and restoring order to the world. Restoring order to the world was not through military force. He was principled and genuine, and his virtues were widely praised. (Three interpretations)
Confucius praised Guan Zhong, saying that all the common people had benefited from him. Guan Zhong accepted the meat offerings for sacrifice and ordered others not to kneel before him. How could Xiao Bai (Guan Zhong) even think of doing that, with the Son of Heaven's majesty right before him!
Duke Wen of Jin also established hegemony in one region, serving the Zhou king directly. He received the king's jade ritual objects, a carved bow, as well as over a thousand Lu bows and arrows and three hundred Tiger Guard warriors.
With his powerful military force, he deterred the vassals, and those who emulated him held high positions and were renowned throughout the land, second only to Duke Huan of Qi. During the Heyang Covenant, he falsely claimed to be the Zhou king, resulting in a mixed reputation.
Next are a few lines from the "Yan Ge Xing":
The autumn wind whispers, the weather turns cold, the grass and trees wither, dew turns into frost. The swallows fly away in flocks, the geese fly south, I miss you out there wandering, feeling very worried.
How I long to return home, yearning for my hometown, why do you still linger outside? Oh, pity me, alone in this empty house, thinking of you, I can't help but worry, tears streaming down uncontrollably, soaking my clothes.
I pick up the se qin, pluck the strings, playing a sorrowful tune, though I can only hum a few short verses, I can't sing for long. The bright moonlight shines on my bed, the Milky Way flows westward, the night stretches on, the Cowherd and Weaver Girl gaze at each other from afar, why are you separated on the other side of the river?
Next are a few lines from the "Duan Ge Xing":
I look up at the tent, lower my head to the table, the east and west remain unchanged, but the person is no longer here. The gods are capricious, leaving me behind, stranded in a foreign land, I am helpless and can only weep.
The deer calls out gently, carrying grass in its mouth, and the fawn bleats too; the birds flutter gracefully, carrying their young back to the nest. But I am all alone, my heart heavy with sadness and pain, and no one can understand me.
People say that sorrow makes people age—just look at all this white hair on my head; why has it come so soon? I sing and sigh for a long time, missing my father. They say that the kind live long; why couldn't my father live longer?
Lastly, a few lines from "Song of the Swallow":
Days apart are easy to endure, but days of reunion are hard to come by, with mountains and rivers separating us, and the journey is long. I miss you in my heart, but I can’t bring myself to say it out loud; I send my feelings on the wings of the clouds in letters, but they never reach you.
Tears stream down my face, my face is worn; who can truly understand my sorrow without feeling it? I toss and turn, unable to find sleep, I get up and pace back and forth in the room.
I browse through poems, humming a tune, trying to make myself feel a little lighter, but happy times are always short-lived, and the sadness washes over me again, truly heartbreaking! The autumn wind rustles, the weather is cold; in the palace of Qin, the curtains flutter gently.
I gaze up at the stars, watching the clouds drift by, but my heart is heavy with sadness, longing for those who are gone, unable to let go.
In this moment, I lift my wine glass and recite Emperor Wu's "Short Song":
Sing to the wine, how fleeting are the joys of life! Like morning dew, so many bitter days.
Alas, life is short, time passes quickly!
I continue to recite:
With a sigh, sorrow is unforgettable. How can I ease this sorrow? Only with a drink of Du Kang wine.
How to dispel this sorrow? Only by drowning my sorrows in wine.
Then:
Green are the collars, yet my heart is restless. But for you, I have been lost in thought ever since.
Thinking of you fills my heart with worry; for you, I silently miss you till now.
The bright moon hangs high, but remains out of reach; sorrow surges from the heart and cannot be dispelled.
The deer calls out, grazing on wild grass. I have distinguished guests, playing the zither and blowing the bamboo flute.
The deer calls out as it eats wild grass; I have esteemed guests visiting, playing the zither, blowing the flute.
The higher the mountain, the deeper the water. Duke Zhou feeds his guests, and the world returns to its heart.
The higher the mountain, the better. The deeper the water, the better. Duke Zhou is so devoted to the world that he neglects his meals.
Next, I sing Emperor Wu's "Autumn Barbarian Expedition":
In the morning, crossing the Guan mountains, how difficult this road is! In the morning, crossing the Guan mountains, how difficult this road is! The ox collapses, the carriage falls into the valley. Sitting on a rock, playing my lute, expressing my troubles with clear and melodious music. Singing to express my aspirations, in the morning, crossing the Guan mountains.
I cross the Guan mountains in the morning; this journey is so difficult! The ox is exhausted, and the carriage falls into the valley. I sit on a rock, playing my lute, expressing my troubles with clear and melodious music. This song is the voice of my heart!
Then, I sing:
There is a man named Sanlao, who suddenly appears by my side. There is a man named Sanlao, who suddenly appears by my side. He is wrapped in a thick fur cloak, not like an ordinary person. He asks why I am so troubled and why I have come here. This song is also a reflection of my inner self.
After that, I sing:
I live on Kunlun Mountain; they say there are true immortals there. I live on Kunlun Mountain; they say there are true immortals there. The path is profound yet within reach. Visiting famous mountains, roaming the Eight Extremes. Resting on rocks, drinking from streams. Pondering without deciding, then ascending to heaven. Singing to express my aspirations, I live on Kunlun Mountain.
I live on Kunlun Mountain, where true immortals reside. I travel to famous mountains and rivers, roam the world, rest on rocks, drink from mountain springs, and eventually ascend to the heavens. This song captures my longing for the immortal realm.
Finally, I sing:
Gone and cannot be chased; long-lasting regrets entwined. Night after night, unable to sleep, overwhelmed by sorrow and self-pity. Just and straightforward, words and poems follow the reasons. Passing through the ages, transmitted from the West. Singing to express aspirations, gone and cannot be chased.
The past cannot be retrieved, only endless regrets remain. Night after night, unable to sleep, feeling sorrowful alone. This song expresses my deep regret for the past.
They say I set out in the morning, crossed mountains and passes; this road is really tough to navigate! Unexpectedly, three old folks accompanied me all the way. I live in Kunlun Mountain; they all say I'm an immortal. Want to catch up with me? No way! Want to establish a relationship with me? No chance!
This is "The Bitter Cold Journey" written by Emperor Wu of Han, with six versions in total. Let me recite a section for you:
"Heading north to Taihang Mountain, this mountain is really high, so difficult to traverse! The winding paths are tortuous; the wheels have been damaged." (First interpretation)
"The trees are bare, the north wind howls; it's so cold! The blind bear squats in front of me, tigers and leopards howl by the roadside." (Second interpretation)
"The valleys are sparsely populated; snow falls continuously. I sigh deeply, feeling the complexity of my heart on this long journey." (Third interpretation)
"I feel extremely frustrated; I really want to hurry back home. The river is deep, the bridge is broken; I can only wait at the halfway point." (Fourth interpretation)
"Lost, it's dark; I can't find a place to stay. Walking further, both people and horses are hungry." (Fifth interpretation)
"I carry a load to chop firewood, using an axe to break ice and fetch water to drink. Thinking of that poem 'East Mountain,' my heart feels utterly desolate!" (Sixth interpretation)
Next, there is also Emperor Wu of Han's "Autumn Barbarian Journey," with several versions. Let me recite a section for you:
"I hope to ascend Mount Taihua and roam with immortals. Travel through Kunlun Mountain, then to Penglai Island, fly to the ends of the earth, and play with the immortals. I hope to find the elixir of immortality and live for countless years! This song is my wish; I hope to ascend Mount Taihua!" (First interpretation)
The heavens and earth are so enduring, yet human life is so short. People say Bo Yangzi is living long, but in fact, it's not true; although Chisongzi and Wang Qiao became immortals, there's no record of them being immortal. Since there is no mention of being immortal, let's pray for longevity! This song is my sigh in my heart, the heavens and earth are so enduring! (Second interpretation)
The brilliance of the moon tomorrow, where can't it shine? Heaven and earth unite to create brilliance, only the monarch enjoys honor alone. All nations in the world are your subjects. With benevolence and righteousness as their names, honored with rites and music. Singing to express my aspirations, the brilliance of the moon tomorrow! (Third interpretation)
The flow of the four seasons, day and night alternating to form a year. Adults follow the will of heaven, and heaven will not go against it. There is no need to be sad about the flow of time, worry about the world's affairs not being well-governed. Life and death are fated, worries are also in vain. Singing to express my aspirations, the flow of the four seasons! (Fourth interpretation)
Alas, what am I thinking in my heart? Where has the joyous mood gone? In my prime, I was exceptionally wise, and the good times will not come again. Cherish the present and strive for progress, but who will benefit from it? What’s the point of living carelessly? Singing to express my aspirations, alas, what am I thinking in my heart? (Fifth interpretation)
Paying respects to "The Journey to Dongtao"
I wish to pay my respects to the emperor, but the mountain road is steep and difficult to traverse. From afar, I see the peaks of the Five Sacred Mountains, the palace is magnificent and adorned with splendor. Only Lingzhi grass is seen, leaves falling one by one. (First interpretation)
Hundreds of birds gather, like smoke. Beasts in the mountains gather in groups, with Kirins and Xiezhi leading the way. The pheasants crow, and the mountain beasts chase and play with each other. (Second interpretation)
I continue to walk forward, arriving at the palace, feeling a bit uneasy. The eunuch who conveys the decree comes out to deliver a message, what are the people outside asking for? They say they want to receive the teachings of the sage, hoping to learn the secret of immortality. (Third interpretation)
The emperor ordered the officials to comply with the orders and pick the branches and leaves of the divine herb Ruomu. The white rabbit knelt down to craft the medicine, turning it into elixirs, and presented it to the emperor on a jade plate. Taking this elixir would allow one to attain immortality. (Four interpretations)
Everyone was very happy after taking the elixir. The emperor's life would know no bounds, and civil and military officials bowed in reverence, with divine spirits guarding him from all sides. The emperor would live as long as the heavens and earth. (Five interpretations)
Tang Shang by Pu Sheng
Reeds grow in my pond, their leaves lush and abundant! They can stand elegantly beside it, but cannot spin thread or weave cloth by themselves. The words of many can melt gold, not to mention the separation between the king and me. (One interpretation)
When I think of you leaving me, I am left alone in sorrow. Thinking of your face, my heart aches unbearably. Now I toss and turn sleeplessly every night. (Two interpretations)
Don't measure with so-called heroes and sages, abandoning what you originally loved; don't despise onions and garlic because fish is expensive, and don't despise broomcorn millet because hemp and ramie are cheap. What does this signify? Being too kind to benefactors will only bring trouble, like a capsized boat, forever lost beneath the waves. So, be calm and patient, don't rush. Think about the scenes of our separation; when can we sit together and chat again?
Sigh, troubled when I leave and troubled at home. The wind at the borders is truly mournful, and the trees are also extremely bleak. Today, let's take a moment to celebrate and wish you a long life! This is "Bitter Cold Journey," written by Mingdi, in five parts.
I set out from Luoyang to the east for battle. After more than twenty days, I set up camp at Longbei City. I look at the old camps, built by my ancestors. The houses remain unchanged, with no leaning beams.
Oh, my ancestors, they kept their achievements hidden and their virtues modest. Although they have passed away, their contributions will be everlasting, and their names deserve to be remembered.
The brilliance of my ancestors shines like the sun, their virtues spread throughout the world, bringing clarity to every corner of the world.
Although there were rebellions in Wu and Shu, the Spring and Autumn Period was more than enough to showcase their military prowess. It's a pity that my ancestors didn't enjoy long lives. I write poetry to express my longing, my tears soaking my clothes. This is "Shanzai Xing," composed by Emperor Wen, which has five sections.
Today, let's enjoy ourselves and drink heartily, getting so drunk we won't even notice. The melancholic zither music stirs up a fresh melody, while the melodious flute plays a crisp tune.
The music touches the hearts of the guests, who are happily chatting. In the bright and spacious hall, a cool breeze wafts in.
One should be humble and careful, avoiding arrogance and complacency, for that's the path to success. A gentleman is always troubled, burdened with many concerns.
I warmly welcome the guests, shaking hands and exchanging pleasantries without a moment's neglect. The guests leave well-fed and satisfied, while the host is left utterly exhausted.
Birds soar through the Milky Way, but where are those who are bound? Maintain inner peace, go with the flow; what do fame and fortune really mean?
I climb the mountain to forage for wild vegetables, but it's dark and my stomach is growling. The wind howls in the valley, and the frost dampens my clothes. (Interpretation of "Shanzai Xing" one) Wild chickens flock and call, monkeys chase and play with each other. Looking back at my hometown fills me with both melancholy and discomfort. (Interpretation of "Shanzai Xing" two) There are cliffs and steep cliffs on the high mountains, with dense branches and leaves in the forests. When worries arise, I feel lost and no one seems to understand me. (Interpretation of "Shanzai Xing" three) Life is as fleeting as a temporary visit; why burden ourselves with so much worry? I am not happy now, but time flies fast. (Interpretation of "Shanzai Xing" four) The rivers rush swiftly, with boats floating in the currents. As the waves undulate, like a wandering soul. (Interpretation of "Shanzai Xing" five) I mount my trusty steed, donning a light fur robe. Galloping on my horse, I momentarily forget my troubles. (Interpretation of "Shanzai Xing" six)
In the morning, I went to the high terrace to admire the view, and in the evening, I hosted a banquet by the Huachi River. The tribal leaders offered fine wine, and the hunters presented tasty game birds. ("Good Deeds" interpretation one) The musicians from Qi danced the dance of the East, while the musicians from Qin played Western music. A guest from the south played graceful zither melodies for me. ("Good Deeds" interpretation two) The sounds of various musical instruments intertwined, with performers playing gently or passionately. The fish in the water leaped joyfully to the music's rhythm. ("Good Deeds" interpretation three) Birds circled and danced in the sky, sorrowfully cried as they flew towards the northern woods. After the joy, a feeling of sadness surged in my heart, and sorrow wrenched my heart. ("Good Deeds" interpretation four) Although the clear sound of the horn is beautiful, my meager virtue cannot shoulder such a burden. Ziyi, your words are reasonable; it's better to put away the musical instruments and reflect on oneself! ("Good Deeds" interpretation five)
Duke of Zhou cultivated virtue and practiced good deeds, loving all under heaven. He hoped to promote the great path and become a wise ruler of Youzhou. ("Good Deeds" interpretation one) Taibo and Zhong Yong governed the country with the principles of benevolent rule. Their good deeds were passed down for a hundred years, and the people showed their admiration through hair cutting and tattooing. ("Good Deeds" interpretation two) Boyi and Shuqi were ancient sages. They preferred death over accepting the throne and eventually starved to death on Shouyang Mountain. ("Good Deeds" interpretation three) King Xuan, you truly possess wisdom! Why use Du Bo when your assistant Shan Fu is competent? This will only bring trouble to the wise and virtuous. ("Good Deeds" interpretation four) Duke Huan of Qi rose to prominence thanks to the assistance of Guan Zhong. However, his later dependence on Shu Diao resulted in national turmoil. ("Good Deeds" interpretation five) Yanzi and Ping Zhong accumulated virtue and practiced good deeds, demonstrating compassion for the people. They focused on cultivating virtue and did not chase after fame and fortune. ("Good Deeds" interpretation six) During Confucius' time, the feudal states operated independently. They drank and reveled as they pleased, employing deceitful and treacherous individuals. ("Good Deeds" interpretation seven)
I bemoan my unfortunate fate, having been poor and alone since childhood. I have not benefited from the teachings of Meng Mu's Three Moves, nor have I heard my parents' teachings. (Interpretation of "Shan Zai Xing")
He was destitute, feeling as if he might fall apart, pondering what he could depend on. Although he harbored great ambitions, what could he do at that time?
Alas, those who endure poverty feel helpless, left only to lament and weep. Weeping in sorrow, unable to even glimpse a chance to plead for survival.
I wish to be as vast as the sky, with Langya Mountain leaning to the left. Though I wish to be loyal and dedicated, Xin Gong has returned to Chu.
Oh, those who are content can only sigh, unable to voice the feelings in their hearts. Heaven teaches people to act with integrity and honesty, but who knows my thoughts?
When will I be able to follow in his footsteps? This sigh is hard to dispel. How can I shine brightly now? Break free from constraints, as refreshing as rain.
I march to war, "Shan Zai Xing" (Ming Emperor's Lyrics)
I set out, I am going to war, to conquer those barbaric invaders. Organize the army, select elite soldiers, and prepare the troops.
The light boat glides downstream, where the first flock of geese nestle by the riverbank. The soldiers stand majestic, brave, and strong, like fierce tigers and bears.
The sound of cannons booms like thunder, releasing bursts like rain. The military flags flutter, the command is decisive, with a sense of advance and retreat.
Hundreds of horses gallop, their riders skilled like Zao Fu. The six armies are well-rested, all following orders.
The journey is long, as we travel day and night; I know the road is fraught with danger. Day after day, the journey is far, gradually moving away from the capital Xuchang.
In under ten days, we reached the Yangzhou region. The enemy, upon hearing our news, was terrified and dared not resist.
The loyal officials and generals are all brimming with anger. The Huai and Si River regions have returned to tranquility, and we are proud to showcase our skills. With our distinguished achievements to showcase our prestige, we must both suppress and appease. Retreat with the troops and report the victory to our ancestors.
Majestic, "Good Deeds" (Ming Emperor's Poem) The famous Great Wei Dynasty, the royal army goes out to quell rebellion. Braving the scorching heat to quell the rebellion, demonstrating the might of the royal army.
Drifting along the Yellow River by boat, swaying with the gentle waves. Digging canals, navigating around treacherous waters, the journey stretches on endlessly. Flags blanket the sky, fluttering in the breeze. Fish frolic in the depths.
Only mooring by the river, drifting along with the current. Not alone, holding the land of Yangzhou. Feeling melancholic, I sing "Cai Wei." With worries for the fertile lands of the Huai River, I hope you can return victorious soon.
Tomorrow, "Good Deeds" (Ancient Poem) Tomorrow promises great hardships, with cracked lips and a parched mouth. Today, we revel in happiness together, and we should savor every moment.
Traveling through famous mountains and rivers, Lingzhi grass swaying in the wind. The immortal Wang Qiao bestowed upon me a magical elixir. Alas, my sleeves are too short, and my hands are freezing. I truly regret that I have nothing worthy to repay King Zhao Xuan's generosity.
The moon has set, the Big Dipper hangs low, and the North Star twinkles faintly. Friends are at the doorstep, yet I’m too famished to eat. Happy days are far too scarce, yet sorrowful days abound. What can I do to dispel my worries? I can only play the zither, sip some wine, and sing a song.
The Eight Nobles of Huainan, they attained immortality with little effort. Riding six dragons, playing in the clouds, what a carefree existence!
"East Gate Journey" As I step out the East Gate, I truly dread going home; returning to the doorstep, my heart is once again heavy with sorrow. The rice jar at home stands empty, and there isn't a single decent garment hanging from the beams.
With my sword drawn, I stepped outside, my child and wife grabbing my clothes, crying and shouting. While others dream of getting rich, my humble wife only wishes to share simple meals with you. Sharing simple meals, to feed the hungry children above and to support the little ones below. Now the court is clean, and it's hard to break the law; take care of yourself and don't do anything wrong. Let's go! I have to leave; be careful on the road, and I hope to be back soon.
"The Willow Branches"
Just how high is the Western Mountain? It towers into the clouds, with no end in sight. Two immortals live on the mountain; they don't eat or drink. They gave me a pill, shining with colorful light. After taking the pill for about four or five days, wings grew on my body. With a light leap, I soared on the clouds, covering countless miles in the blink of an eye. Flying over the seas and the vast land, I couldn't see clearly.
Pengzu lived for seven hundred years, a time so long it's hard to imagine. Laozi went to the Western Rong and has not returned till now. The tales of Wang Qiao and Chisongzi becoming immortals are merely myths. Those who understand can distinguish truth from falsehood, while the ignorant enjoy spreading illusions. Looking back, those events are truly complex and countless. There are all kinds of sayings, but only the teachings of the sages are worth my study.
"The Ballad of Luo Fu"
(This poem is not translated)
The sun rises from the southeast, shining on my Qin family's building. The Qin family has a lovely girl named Luo Fu. Luo Fu likes to raise silkworms and plant mulberry trees, gathering mulberry leaves in the southern part of the city. She uses green silk for the cage's rope and cassia twigs for its hook. She wears a Wo Duo bun on her head and a bright moon bead on her ears, dressed in a yellow silk underskirt paired with a purple silk top.
Passersby saw Luo Fu, set down their loads, and stroked their beards. Young men who saw Luo Fu removed their hats and donned headscarves. Those who were plowing forgot to plow, and those who were weeding forgot to weed. When they regained their senses and began to blame one another, they could only watch Luo Fu walk away.
An official arrived from the south, leading five horses that ambled slowly. The official sent someone to inquire, "Who is this beauty?" The Qin family has a lovely daughter named Luo Fu. How old is Luo Fu? She is not yet twenty, just a little over fifteen. The official thanked Luo Fu and wanted to invite her to ride with him. Luo Fu directly refused, saying, "You're quite foolish, sir! You have a wife, and I have a husband too!"
Thousands of cavalry approached from the east, with Luo Fu's husband leading the charge. How did they recognize Luo Fu's husband? The white horse followed the black horse. His dark hair was tied back with a green silk ribbon, and his horse's head was adorned with gold. He wore a Lu sword, made of deer horn, worth millions. By fifteen, he was a junior official; by twenty, he had become a senior official; at thirty, he was an imperial attendant; and by forty, he managed a city. He was fair-skinned and handsome, with thick black hair and a well-groomed beard. He walked gracefully in the government office and moved calmly in the mansion. Among the thousands present, everyone agreed that Luo Fu's husband was extraordinary.
Next is the poem "Ximen Xing." I won't translate it but will show you the original text instead:
Ximen "Ximen Xing"
Leaving the west gate, I walk and think. If I don’t have some fun today, when will I get the chance?
We should do happy things when we're feeling happy. How can you keep frowning and just wait for the right moment?
Drink some good wine, roast some fatty beef. Invite someone you enjoy being with, and you'll chase away your worries.
Life doesn’t even last a hundred years, yet we often worry about what happens a thousand years from now. Days are short and nights are long; why not light a candle and take a stroll? Unless you're like the fairy prince Qiao, it’s hard to predict your own lifespan.
Human life is not made of gold and stone; how can we predict it? Being greedy for money and stingy in spending will only lead to future ridicule.
(The version after "Bingzhu You" has a few sentences "行去之，如云除，弊车羸马为自推", and the following forty-eight characters after "Zifei" are missing.)
Silently, this poem "Zheyang Liu Xing" tells four stories, each with a different meaning. The first one says that doing things secretly always results in punishment. Just as King Jie killed Longfeng, he eventually perished in the Mingtiao.
The second story says that Zuyi's advice was not taken, but King Zhou of Shang flaunted his white banner. Calling a deer a horse (a metaphor for deception), Hu Hai ultimately lost his life.
The third story tells how Fu Chai regretted killing Wu Zixu before his death; King Rong indulged in women, leading to the death of Youyu; the state of Guo was destroyed along with the state of Yu because of the Bi Ma incident.
The last story says that three wicked people coming together are as dangerous as a tiger; a kind mother lost her weaving shuttle and searched everywhere; Bian He had his feet cut off for presenting jade and could only return to his countryside home in the end.
Yuan Tao's "Huang Huang Jingluo Xing" also tells five stories. The first story says that, like the peach trees in the garden, they look beautiful but bear no fruit; all show and no substance ultimately does not work.
The second story is about Han Xin, who suffered the five punishments, only to be hidden away when the birds flew. Only Zhang Liang preserved his life and reputation. He could have achieved great things, but he refused to compete and fight; he talked too much and was not honest enough, which ultimately led to failure.
The third story says that Su Qin persuaded the six countries, which ultimately led to their downfall. He betrayed his lord for personal gain and met his deserved fate of being torn apart by a chariot. Chen Zhen was very wise, loyal, and strategic, but unfortunately King Huai of Chu did not listen to his advice, which ultimately led to their downfall.
The fourth story says that Wu Qi, although clever, had too much ambition and was eventually killed in Xihe, with bodies strewn across the battlefield.
The final story tells of Guo Jie, an ancient gentleman; King Zhao of Yan was fortunate to have a wise minister like Le Yi; and Lord Meng Chang was a distinguished scholar from the state of Qi, who, in order to escape his predicament, didn't hesitate to part with a fortune and travel far away.
The poem "How Can I Not Savor the Beauty," written by Bai Hu, also known as "Fei Hu Xing," tells four stories. The first line describes seeing a pair of white cranes flying in from the northwest, fifteen by fifteen in a row.
The second line says, my wife fell ill and couldn’t accompany me; she turned back every five miles and hesitated every six.
The third line says, I want to carry you in my beak, but I can’t open my mouth; I want to fly with you on my back, but all my feathers have fallen off.
The fourth line says, joyful to have found a new friend, yet sorrowful to part once more. I hesitated, gazing at my companion as tears flowed involuntarily.
There is an additional section following this poem that conveys: the thought of parting with you fills my heart with such discomfort that I cannot speak. Everyone must take care of themselves; the journey is long, and it will be hard to meet again. I will keep watch over the empty room, close the door, and lock it tight. If we meet again, even in death, we can reunite in the afterlife. Today, as we joyfully gather, let’s hope we all live long lives.
The poem "Leaving Xia Gate" by Jie Shi also contains four stories (content omitted here as the original text did not provide it).
I drift like a cloud and fall like rain, flying over the banks of the Jiujiang River, taking in the variety of all things in the world. Thinking of playing around, but not knowing where to go next. Walking to Jie Shi Mountain, looking at the vast East Sea, my heart is heavy with melancholy. "Cloud Travel" ends here.
Next is the poem "Watching the Cang Sea," which I interpret as a poem describing the sea: Facing Jie Shi, observing the Cang Sea. The water is vast; the mountains and islands stand tall. Trees are dense, grass is lush. The autumn wind is bleak, the waves surge. The movement of the sun and moon seems to rise from its depths; the brilliant stars appear to shine from within. How fortunate it is to sing and express our aspirations.
Next is the poem "Winter October," which I think describes the scene in October: the early winter in October, with the north wind lingering. The weather is cold and clear, with frost and snowflakes swirling everywhere. The kites call in the morning, the wild geese fly south, the raptors lie in wait, and bears retreat to their caves for hibernation. The harvest is complete, and the fields are piled high with crops. The inns are all set, ready to welcome traveling merchants. How fortunate indeed! It's a song to express one’s aspirations.
The poem "Cold in the Hebei Region" describes the cold scene in the north: the landscape of my hometown is quite different, especially cold in the Hebei region. Ice floats, making navigation difficult for boats. Even the awls struggle to pierce the ground, and the grass and trees lie deeply buried in the frozen earth. The river has dried up, and the ice is solid enough to walk on. The hermits live in poverty, while the brave and noble are looked down upon. Their hearts are filled with resentment and sorrow. How fortunate indeed! It's a song to express one’s aspirations.
Next is the poem "Though the Divine Turtle May Live Long," which expresses a philosophy of life: though the divine turtle may live long, it eventually dies; the soaring serpent, even as it glides through the clouds, will eventually turn to dust. The spirited horse, even in old age, lying in the stall, still aspires to gallop a thousand miles; the martyr, even in their old age, still harbors unyielding ambitions. The ups and downs of life, along with honor and disgrace, are not solely determined by fate; as long as one cares for their body and mind, they can enjoy the blessing of a long life. How fortunate indeed! It’s a song that inspires.
The last is the ancient poem "Why not sing a song?" I interpret it as having several layers of meaning: why not "why not sing a song?" How can one truly be happy without worries? But when enjoying fine wine and rich beef, the eldest brother holds a prominent position, while the second brother dons a fur coat. The youngest brother has no official title, but works hard with horses, visiting nobles and elders. And when in the noble's palace, happily playing games and chess together, men should strive in life; time is short and fleeting. This poem expresses the different life states and insights of the three brothers and also points out the truth that life is short and one should enjoy it in time.
We grew up together, experienced poverty together; what do those little quarrels mean now? But now I have to part with you. I have to serve the monarch and cannot be careless in etiquette. I feel ashamed before heaven and worry about my young children at home. Alas, I am now old and anxious, grieving alone—who can truly understand me? ("少小" below is inclined, before is beautiful.)
The poem "Wild Field Yellow Bird" describes a grand banquet. Wine and food are served in the grand palace, and friends all come to accompany me. The kitchen prepares sumptuous dishes, preparing lamb and beef; it’s quite lively. The Qin zither plays passionately, while the Qi se sounds gentle and melodious. (First interpretation)
Yang A's dance is exceptionally captivating, and the famous songs of Jingluo are also sung here. We joyfully drank three cups of wine, loosened our belts, and enjoyed the food. The host wishes me a long life, like that of the Southern Mountain, while the guests wish me endless longevity. (Second interpretation)
Long-lasting friendships should not be forgotten; temporary partings do not mean the end of friendship. A modest gentleman, with noble character—what more could one wish for? Good times will not return; a hundred years pass in the blink of an eye. (Third interpretation)
The fierce wind scatters the white clouds, time flies by, flowing toward the west. While alive, people live in grand homes, but after death, they must return to the hills. Who among the ancients did not have to die? What is there for someone who understands their fate to be concerned about? (Interpretation Four)
The following poem "Song of Man Ge" expresses another aspect of life. Happy times are always short-lived, and soon I encountered the world's dangers and hardships, experiencing numerous farewells; oppressed by petty people, overwhelmed by sorrow. As sorrow surges in my heart, who can truly understand my plight? (Interpretation One)
My heart is filled with worries, tossing and turning through sleepless nights. Misfortune and fortune are unpredictable, so I can only follow the path of the ancients, resign from my post and retreat to the countryside. This way, I can achieve my wishes and attain inner peace. I am willing to live in seclusion in the mountains and forests, cherishing this simple joy. (Interpretation Two)
The autumn wind rustles, the chill is biting. I gaze westward at the sea, unable to calm my heart. I put on my clothes, look up at the night sky, with the Big Dipper twinkling above. The starlight shines on me, and I will continue to move forward, with no other desires. Serving my parents, working hard and worrying, this is my duty to uphold. (Interpretation Three)
Life's fortunes and misfortunes are all part of fate; the wise do not fret over it. With less worry, there will be more happiness. Find contentment in poverty and follow Zhuangzi's path. Those who withdraw from fame are the true nobility, like Zixi, who chose seclusion. Those ancient sages, their names will be forever remembered. (Interpretation Four)
Come, let’s drink, sing, and dance—why dwell on unhappiness? Look at the sun, moon, and stars; they keep moving day and night. In life, gaining and losing are common occurrences; how foolish it is to be greedy and stingy! Life is as difficult as striking fire from a stone; how long can one live in this world? So, enjoy life to the fullest and embrace happiness! Live by good values and aim for a hundred years!
The poem "Leaving Xia Gate" (or "Traveling in Longxi") has two meanings. The first meaning is: stepping out of Xia Gate and ascending Shouyang Mountain. Ah, reflecting on Boyi and Shuqi, whom Confucius praised for their virtue! The noble man is humble while the petty man vies for attention; only these two have been celebrated by later generations. The world changes, time flies, days and months pass like shuttles; who can exist for a long time? Ah, this life, how wonderful it is, singing and dancing, so happy!
The second meaning is: in the evening, the west wind rises, listening to the mournful cries of autumn cicadas, which change colors, drifting with the wind. I look back; the clouds are continuous, the red glow covers the sky, and the rainbow pierces the sky. The gentle waters flow slowly, the fallen leaves drift, and the lonely birds mourn their lost companions. Ah, this life, how wonderful it is, listening to the mournful cries of autumn cicadas.
Ah, enjoying the morning in Qingling, only to sigh at the thought of going home in the evening. Time is fleeting; evening has arrived; the crows and magpies are flying south. They circled the trees three times but couldn't find a suitable branch to rest on. Suddenly, they encountered wind and rain; the branches snapped under the pressure. The male bird startled the female, and the female bird rested alone in sorrow. In the evening, they wander, crying for their lost companions. Thorns abound, and vines creep. Thinking of those who are played by fate, it's truly heartbreaking! The moon will wax and wane, the flowers will bloom and wither; the ancients have long said these truths, alas, it can be summarized in one sentence!
The poem "Rowing Song" also has several interpretations. The first interpretation is: the emperor promotes education in harmony with the heavens, following the laws of nature. As the yang energy grows, yin energy recedes, and the length of the sun's shadow changes with the seasons.
The second interpretation is: civil governance and military endeavors should unfold naturally and not be forced. Just like Emperor Shun, who used song and dance to soothe the people and win over the Miao clan.
The third explanation is: the rebels in Wu and Shu, who relied on the mountains and rivers to obstruct transportation. The poor people, with no one to rely on, can only look up to the grace of heaven. The fourth explanation is: the emperor, moved by the suffering of the people, became enraged and set off from the Xuchang Palace, arranging boats along the lengthy riverbank, preparing to suppress the rebellion. The next day, they sailed downstream, singing songs on the boat, with low, mournful voices. The official Dachang was busy in the sunlight, with flags flying high. This was a military expedition, meant to take up arms and demonstrate power in distant lands, to suppress criminals, to comfort the people, and to pacify the southeastern border. This was the scene in Luoyang, reminiscent of the heroism of "The Prefect of Yanmen Pass." Wang Jun, the county magistrate of Luoyang, hailing from Guanghan in Yizhou, started his career as a young man, well-versed in various disciplines, including the Five Classics. He was familiar with legal texts, coming from a family of officials for generations. After becoming the county magistrate of Luoyang, he governed wisely, earning the people's trust and caring for them as if they were his own children. He enforced the law strictly externally, but was kind and compassionate internally, with both civil and military virtues, understanding the sentiments of the people and recognizing their wealth disparities, even recording the names of those who did evil deeds. He punished murderers severely, with their accomplices also facing punishment. He also prohibited the use of eight-foot spears, apprehended reckless youths, punished them according to the law, and held public trials in the horse market. He never imposed taxes without reason, always seeking justice for the people, ordering officials to carefully handle cases and not to make things difficult for the people. He even bought a rope and a pole for only thirty coins, demonstrating his integrity.
What a truly good official! Our Wang Jun! His subordinates are all well-dressed and diligently serve the emperor, and the clerks and record keepers are all competent. During his tenure, he never showed favoritism, was self-disciplined, and worked tirelessly day and night. His political achievements were remarkable and renowned far and wide. Unfortunately, he died young. A shrine was built for him on the west side of Anyang Pavilion. We hope future generations will remember him. This poem has the same melody as the "Rowing Song."
The weather is clear, like the clouds on the mountain, and the moon shines as brightly as the moon peeking through the clouds. I heard you had a change of heart, so I came to end things with you. We used to drink together in the city and never quarreled. Today we drink together; tomorrow we will go our separate ways. I walk along the imperial moat, watching the water flow east and west.
There are woodcutters in the east and woodcutters in the west. The two woodcutters politely give way to each other; with no relation, who will flatter whom? I’m really heartbroken; I’ve never felt this sad even at weddings. I just want to find someone who truly loves me so we can grow old together.
The bamboo poles are so gentle, and the fish tails so agile. Why do men need money and swords to understand each other? Like five horses eating beanstalks, the hermit by the river is frolicking. Today we are happy together, hoping we all live long lives.
One book says: The lyrics say "Why is the purple silk so helpless?" These lyrics were penned by Wang of Dong'e, with seven paragraphs, called "Bright Moon."
First paragraph: The bright moon shines on the tall building, and the moonlight gently flows. There is a woman living in the building with a sad face, causing others to feel pity for her.
Second paragraph: I asked her why she was so sad, and she told me she was the wife of a husband far away. Her husband has been gone for over ten years, and she’s been living alone.
Third paragraph: I miss you more than I can say—more than thirst, more than hunger. You’re like a tall, majestic cypress on the mountain; I’m just dirty, muddy water—lowly and insignificant.
Paragraph Four: The north wind howled, coldly seeping into my ears. Thinking of my lover in the distance, tears kept flowing down.
Paragraph Five: Our destinies, one high up, one down in the dust—how can we be together? I wish I could become a northeast wind, blowing you into my arms.
Paragraph Six: But your heart is always tightly closed to me; what am I supposed to do? Our love was cut off halfway, and I can only let fate take its course, drifting apart.
Paragraph Seven: I want to finish singing this song; this song is so sad and long. Today we can still be happy together, but when the time comes, please don't forget each other!
