Heaven has destined the Jin Dynasty to prosper, with its radiance shining upon all nations. Our emperor is exceedingly wise; both civil and military governance are exemplary. He follows the righteous path in heaven and implements benevolent governance on earth, placing importance on both statecraft and legal enforcement, while also valuing ritual and musical education. He governs the country with great care, reaching an ideal state. This summarizes the "Zhengde Dance and Song."
Next is the "Dayu Dance and Song": Oh, how majestic is the emperor of the Jin Dynasty! He is favored by the heavens and has been granted the power to rule the realm. The emperor's light illuminates the realm, and his virtues are like those of a sage. Playing the "Dayu" music, he blesses the people with peace and happiness. This strength flows like an unending spring, continuously benefiting the people. By aligning with the will of heaven, he can orchestrate the symphony of heaven and earth.
At the New Year's grand court assembly, there are four ceremonial songs. The first song, "Yu Huang," goes like this: Great leader, all the people depend on your grace for their livelihoods. At the beginning of the new year, you perform grand sacrifices and graciously accept abundant offerings. Civil and military officials gather to pay their respects and show their loyalty. By adhering to the heavenly principles, you are indeed the Son of Heaven. This "Yu Huang" consists of eight lines in total (originally should be "Yu He").
The second song, "Ming Ming," goes like this: Wise emperor, you gaze over the realm with dignity. All corners of the realm are under your rule, and your grace extends to remote areas. You excel at pacifying distant territories, as well as governing neighboring regions. You are generous and kind, never forcing anything. The people come to pay their respects, bringing peace and harmony to the nation. This "Ming Ming" consists of eight lines in total (originally should be "Wei Wei").
The third piece "Nation" is sung like this: the nation thrives and flourishes, blessed by the heavens above. All of this is because the emperor is wise and mighty, inheriting the excellent traditions of the ancestors. All emperors throughout history have governed diligently and loved the people, which allowed them to command vast territories. Reflect on our emperor's wise governance; it is what keeps the nation so orderly. This song "Nation" has a total of eight lines, (originally supposed to be "Yangyang").
The fourth piece "Ancestors" is sung like this: we revere our ancestors, their glorious deeds passed down through generations. We pay homage to our ancestors in heaven, expressing our gratitude for the blessings they bestowed upon us. We strive to uphold their legacy, and our emperor also upholds this spirit. We must strengthen this tradition and govern the country with it. This song "Ancestors" has a total of eight lines, (originally supposed to be "Luming").
During the grand New Year's court assembly, the nobles wish the emperor a long life, singing like this: at the beginning of this new year, we wish the emperor good health and eternal longevity. We offer fine wine in reverence, offering prayers for the emperor's long life. Our emperor, may you be long-lived and illustrious; may your family thrive and prosper for generations to come, and your holy virtue will be remembered for eternity. This song "Jian Yuanchen" has a total of eight lines, (originally supposed to be "Yushangxing").
At the banquet held in the East and West wings, there are twelve songs; the first song "Brilliance" is sung like this: seven bright stars shining in brilliance. We have distinguished guests coming to the banquet; it is our great honor. State affairs have been arranged, and now a grand banquet is held. Everyone appreciates us, and all adhere to the proper etiquette. This song "Brilliance" has a total of eight lines, (originally supposed to be "Luming").
Guests arrived at the grand banquet for the first time; the atmosphere was vibrant and bustling. After the morning court meeting, the banquet was held to honor the officials. Seats were arranged according to rank; some were seated in the court while others were on the steps. Elderly men on the attendants' platform were joined by their brothers. Everyone supported one another, and colleagues followed the rules. Everyone observed and learned, nourishing both mind and body, cultivating both mind and body; blessings descended from above, and everyone shared the joy.
Chapter 1 of "The First Banquet of the Guests," twelve sentences. (When "Yu Mu")
Our ancestors established a great legacy. Today, our emperor shines brighter than his predecessors. Generations have followed the ancestral teachings, illuminating the realm. Governed with diligence, always adhering to ancestral teachings. In the footsteps of the Great Yu, his authority spreads throughout the world. Blessings from heaven, prestigious positions and fortunes have been attained.
Chapter 1 of "The Three Afters," twelve sentences. (When "Zhao Zhao")
What a great emperor Taizu was! He showed great kindness, expanded the empire, and established the laws of the country. He reformed without complaints from the people. He laid the foundation, inherited the imperial lineage, and brought prosperity to our Jin country.
Chapter 1 of "He Yi," eight sentences. (When "Hua Hua")
During the reign of Emperor Lie Wen, it was the period of Emperor Jing. He pacified rebellions with dignity but not brutality. He governed the country without losing direction, and the country prospered. Implementing the Seven Virtues, the country remained stable and prosperous.
Chapter 1 of "Lie Wen," eight sentences. (When "Chao Yan")
How magnificent! The late Emperor Shengwen, even heaven was moved; truly a great monarch! He carefully followed the Five Canons and diligently governed the country. Achieving great success in civil and military affairs, he established glorious achievements. He cultivated himself and managed the country, ensuring the people lived in peace and happiness. He reached out to distant lands, possessed profound insights, and his profound teachings spread far and wide. He governed wisely, did not abuse his power, and his servants served him faithfully. His virtues were vast, his teachings profound, and his righteousness boundless.
"Chapter 'Yi Yu', sixteen lines. (Regarding 'Sheng De')
In a prosperous and peaceful era, imperial edicts are widely proclaimed. The prosperity and flourishing of our Jin State depend entirely on our wise emperor. He reforms politics and governs the Eight Corners. He is wise and insightful, comparable to the legendary rulers Yu and Tang. By rewarding the vassals, auspicious signs manifest across the realm. The auspicious signs accumulated over three dynasties have finally come to fruition. What does this fulfillment mean? It means the governance of all under heaven. The Marquis, vassals, the Four Mountains, and the Princes all enjoy the peaceful and prosperous era, all following a set pattern. Guests exchange bows in the courtyard, while distinguished guests take their seats in the hall. Envoys from Song State, Wei State, Chenliu, and Shanyang have all arrived. Envoys have come to witness the country's prosperity, presenting talents, strategies, jade discs, and precious jewels. Heaven blesses our nation's fortune, showering us with endless blessings.
"Chapter 'Long Hua', twenty-eight sentences. (Regarding 'Sui Wan Bang')
This article is said to praise the emperor's virtues. It begins with a poem titled 'Zhen Lu', 'The Lu spreads its wings and flies, the Hong gradually extends its wings. The capital city is solemn, and the four directions are in order. There is no competition, only the ruler's commands. The gentlemen come to court, to observe the utmost.' This poem is so well-written, with a grand vision and majestic spirit!
Next, the article continues with a lengthy passage praising the emperor, titled 'Yi Yi', 'The great ruler is meticulous, embracing the people. Trusting in the work of heaven, the benevolence is inexhaustible. Those who are far from benevolence are taught with purity. There is a distinction between darkness and light, and the virtuous are in positions of power. The nine families are harmonious, and the states are obedient. Opening up the constitution, the four seas are teeming with fish. Cooperating with the correct timing, different paths lead to the same goal. With great virtue, all creatures are carried, and the spiritual heart is honored. Expressing opinions openly, accepting without reservation. Establishing exemplary symbols, teaching similar virtues. The teachings from above are like the wind, and the responses from below are like plants. One person is blessed, and the myriad sprouts thrive. Our descendants are joyful, and the orders are never neglected.' This passage conveys a lot, essentially lauding the emperor as a benevolent ruler, treating the people like his own children, governing the country with wisdom, ensuring peace across the land, allowing the people to live and thrive, truly worthy of great respect and admiration!"
Then, it describes the grandeur of the emperor's banquet; this section is titled "Feasting": "Feasting and joy, uniting all nations. The ceremony is completed, everything in its place. Luminous torches in the courtyard, resounding drums and bells. Flutes and chimes sing of virtues, myriad dances display talents. The eight tones harmonize, customs easily transform. Harmony like music, all things in their proper time." This banquet, with its grand scale and extraordinary liveliness, with songs and dances in abundance, truly an unprecedented spectacle!
Next, the article reviews the emperor's achievements and successes; this section is titled "Achievements": "Achievements abound, the world in harmony. Following in the footsteps of my ancestors, commanding respect from neighboring lands. First pacifying Jing and Chu, then bringing peace to Yan and Qin. The cultured emperor, promoting virtue and benevolence. Establishing peace and order, fostering prosperity among the people. Heavenly signs and auspicious omens, halting disasters and bringing blessings. Heaven and earth in harmony, uniting gods and men. Suppressing rebellion in Shu, welcoming envoys from Wu. Diligent and prudent in duty, presenting tribute from afar. Han and Hu presenting music, harmonizing with the purest tones. Offerings from the Western regions, treasures from the South. Translating the customs of barbarians, displaying the culture of the mysterious. Our emperor rules with compassion, ushering in a new era." This passage is truly remarkable, detailing the emperor's achievements from the founding of the dynasty to the present day, quelling rebellions, expanding territories, excelling in both culture and martial arts, truly a peerless emperor for all time!
Finally, the article ends with "Joyous Gathering": "A serene and joyous gathering, felt but not voiced. Clear wine poured, fragrant food offerings. Rituals performed with reverence and joyful music, the sounds of the xiao and shao in harmony. Savoring wine and revelry, without excess. Leading the land in joy, ensuring peace for the nation. The king's wisdom safeguards the realm, enduring for countless generations." This final section summarizes the entire text, expressing endless praise for the emperor, hoping for national prosperity and everlasting stability! The whole article is a grand hymn, praising the emperor's virtues and the prosperity of the nation!
Speaking of ancient ceremonies, they were so grand! Let's start with a passage from "Zhengde Dance Song": "Humanity exemplified, with great virtue. Songs praise the virtues, while dances showcase achievements." This means that this dance is arranged according to good teachings and grand virtues, praising with songs and expressing achievements with dance. Then, "Weapons are brandished, accompanied by flutes and bells. Feathers and jade gathered, assisting in the emperor's footsteps." The dance and music intertwine, various instruments complement each other seamlessly, showcasing the emperor's virtues. "The beauty is flawless, in harmony with the era. Brighten its chapters, illuminating all nations." The dance performance is flawless, complementing the flourishing era, shining upon all nations. "All nations thrive, following our Jin dynasty's teachings. Offering sacrifices to the heavens, expressing gratitude for divine blessings." Envoys from all nations thrive, following the teachings of our Jin dynasty, offering sacrifices to the heavens, thanking the heavens for their blessings. "The emperor's teachings flow like a gentle breeze, with the people flourishing like grass. Peaceful and prosperous, a sign of flourishing." The emperor's teachings are like a gentle spring breeze, the people flourishing like grass and trees, society is stable and peaceful. "Civil and military officials unite in celebration, prosperity flows in all directions. No competition for glory, eternal continuation." Civil and military officials unite in celebration, the auspicious spirit of this prosperous era radiates far and wide, this golden age will endure for all time.
Next is the "Da Yu Dance Song": "Yu Shun moves, truly a great time. The time advances with benevolence, the world is filled with prosperity." This dance, in accordance with the times, showcases the beautiful scene of the present prosperous era, filled with benevolence, social stability, and prosperity. "The signs of summer in our region, Xuan Wen serves as the foundation. The great cause is just beginning, our emperor is prosperous." This dance praises our land of Huaxia, with the promotion of education as the foundation; this great cause is just beginning, and the emperor will make it even more prosperous. "Bright and glorious, with wisdom and insight. Achievements have been made; this is all a blessing of the Jin Dynasty." The emperor is wise and enlightened, with literary and military achievements, ultimately achieving brilliant success, all of which are blessings of the Jin Dynasty. "The solemn emperor, with a firm mandate. All things are peaceful and prosperous, and his virtues are celebrated far and wide." The emperor is dignified and solemn, his rule is stable, everything presents a peaceful and tranquil scene, and his virtues are celebrated far and wide. "Education is widely promoted, sincere and simple. Profound teachings are smooth, and people are content." Education is widely promoted, society is simple and pure, the emperor's teachings resonate deeply with the people, and the people live in peace and contentment. "Creating music to celebrate virtues, like the beautiful 'Shao' and 'Huo'. Profound and distant, adhering to the teachings of ancient kings." Through music and dance, virtues are praised, like the ancient 'Shao' and 'Huo' music, adhering to the teachings of the ancient sage kings. Finally, a birthday poem: "Celebrating the Emperor's birthday, raising a toast to longevity. May the emperor enjoy a long life, wishing him a long and prosperous life, along with peace and happiness for the nation." This poem celebrates the emperor's birthday, wishing him a long and prosperous life, and peace and happiness for the nation and its people.
The following describes the grand scene of the morning court meeting: "Clearly above all, magnificent and distinguished. With careful wishes for threefold longevity, may prosperity and peace bless future generations." The Emperor is wise and virtuous, his achievements are outstanding, wishing the Emperor longevity and prosperity, and prosperity for his descendants. "All living beings gradually become virtuous, the world is in harmony." The influence of education is felt by the populace, bringing peace to the world. "Three auspicious moments, the court abounds with celebrations. Officials from all over China present tributes, while people from all corners come to pay their respects." On auspicious days, court officials come to congratulate, officials from all over China present tributes, and people from all ethnic groups come to pay their respects. "The court is filled with grandeur, the sound of jade echoes through the court. The court is majestic, and its brilliance is observed. The ceremony is timely, the rites are displayed." Officials in the court wear magnificent attire, the sound of jade echoes through the court, the scene is grand, the order is maintained, and the rituals are solemn. "May the Emperor enjoy great blessings, and eternal joy never cease." May the Emperor enjoy health and longevity, ushering in an era of endless prosperity. "Nine guests grace the court, their praises resounding. Ascending to offer auspicious gifts, becoming marquis and duke." Nine guests are in the court, with continuous praises, they present tributes one after another, including marquises and dukes. "The solemn Heavenly Emperor, the grand rites move hearts. Following the auspicious signs, bringing blessings to all nations." The Emperor is majestic and solemn, the grand ceremonies are awe-inspiring, inheriting the legacy of ancestors and blessing all nations.
At the morning assembly, everyone shows great respect. The ceremony is grand, the rituals are elaborate. The dance displays virtue, while the songs extol great achievements. Celebrating noble deeds and spreading the footprints of peace. The emperor's grace is boundless, penetrating even the darkest corners. Appeasing the gods, gathering auspicious signs. The concealed dragon leaps forth, while the fierce tiger softens. The phoenix and the qilin make their appearance—an auspicious omen indeed! Decayed trees flourish again, dried-up springs flow once more. Lingzhi thrives, thorns become soft. A spirit of tranquility arises, and signs of peace multiply. In alignment with heaven and earth, this reflects the emperor's reign. Stabilizing the universe, peace throughout the world. Heavenly orders bestowed, bless the royal family, bless the royal family!
For generations, saints and sages have blessed us, the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors watch over us from the heavens, creating great achievements. Initiating great accomplishments, consolidating the royal foundation. The people of the nation rejoice, sincerely support the current emperor. The benevolent governance of Emperor Hengwen is evident, an era of prosperity is born.
At the dawn of the Great Beginning, the emperor ascended the throne. Unity prevails across all corners, ensuring peace throughout the realm, all ethnic groups living in harmony. Abundant harvests, flourishing of all things.
Uniting various accomplishments, we enter the prosperous era of Taikang. Further development and prosperity, descendants continue endlessly. With deep roots, our legacy endures through generations, inheriting the imperial lineage, we shall never forget. Inheriting the imperial lineage, we shall never forget, glorifying the ancestors, leaving a lasting legacy. "Forever matching fate, the auspiciousness of Jin" ah!
The wise sovereign governs the realm, embodying supreme benevolence. His boundless grace is as expansive as heaven and earth, governing the world as naturally as tempering metal. Deep teachings that resonate with nature, supreme virtues reaching the divine. A gentle breeze carries blessings to the farthest reaches, blessings spread across boundless lands.
In the illustrious Jin Dynasty, wise rulers emerged one after another. Heaven's blessings, divine protection, and stability enveloped the land. A vast grace was bestowed upon the people, uniting them under a great destiny. This destiny converged into a singular force, and the glorious imperial legacy flourishes. Light shines anew, illuminating the six realms of darkness. The teachings spread across the land, and blessings are generously bestowed, changing customs and human emotions. The court is filled with talented and virtuous individuals. Embracing a simple lifestyle, the people shunned luxury, advocating simplicity and remembering the people. The court performs dances in the palace courtyard, and even distant tribes come to pay their respects. The Funan country sends envoys to the court, and the Su Shen tribe also comes in brocade to offer tribute. Blessings rain down like a gentle shower, and benevolent governance extends across the vast expanse, creating a scene of tranquility.
Today is the Day of New Beginnings; everyone gathers in the court to pay homage to the emperor. The emperor ascends to the highest throne of power during this prosperous era. Everyone plays harmonious melodies to express their loyalty to the emperor. We hold deep admiration for the emperor's grace and are brimming with gratitude. We bask in the simplicity of our surroundings and the beauty of our environment, sharing peace and prosperity with all the people. The emperor has forged a mighty empire, ruling the realm, mastering the balance of yin and yang, ensuring all things thrive and flourish. The emperor's benevolent rule spans the entire realm, with notable achievements in governance, a restoration of pure social customs and ethical values. The emperor earnestly makes offerings to the deities of heaven and earth, honoring rituals and music to guide the behavior of the people.
Today is the Qingyuan Festival. The emperor is hosting a banquet for his officials in the palace, where the golden and jade utensils shine and the sweet notes of the flute resonate through the palace. Musicians perform pieces like "Nine Summers," while dancers perform the "Cloud Gate Dance" and the "Shao Dance." The emperor's virtues and good name are known throughout the world, bringing stability and peace to the country. His grace extends to all, promoting the royal way and prosperity, unifying the nation, and bringing peace across the seas. The emperor's virtuous governance has harmonized the customs of diverse ethnic groups, ensuring stability and prosperity for all people. The emperor advocates simplicity and upholds virtues of honesty and integrity, promoting the royal way and setting lofty goals.
This passage is a hymn to the ancestors of the royal family, praising their achievements in founding the nation and ensuring its prosperity and the well-being of the people.
It praises the achievements of the emperors of the past, who ruled diligently and benevolently, strengthening the country and ensuring the peace of the people, while inheriting excellent culture and systems.
It praises the current emperor's governance, ruling with benevolence and righteousness, bringing prosperity and happiness to the people.
The lyrics of the "Zhengde Dance" praise the emperor's sovereign power, shining like the sun in the sky. His rule flows like the celestial bodies, with the five virtues manifesting in turn. The royal rule has a long history of wise monarchs. The emperor's grace extends to the world, enlightening the people, bringing prosperity and happiness. His governance is like sunlight nourishing the earth, promoting growth and well-being. His rule is clear and bright, with music and rituals flourishing, dances in the court symbolizing the peace and prosperity of the country, the music echoing through the heavens. This dance transcends its predecessors, showcasing exceptional skill and achieving perfect harmony, evoking a sense of peace and tranquility that resonates even in the depths of the cosmos.
The lyrics of the "Dayu Dance" are not provided, so they cannot be translated.
Speaking of the Great Jin Dynasty, it is truly a divine destiny, with the brilliance of the three generations of emperors shining anew! The emperor succeeded to the throne, inheriting the foundation of the previous dynasty, establishing peace across the realm and allowing the people to live in harmony and contentment. Our emperor is truly the ordained ruler, governing the country with wisdom and uniting the hearts of the people. He diligently upholds the Five Classics, promotes education, and gains the allegiance of all under heaven. He even composed the musical piece "Great Yu" specifically to celebrate his achievements; this flourishing scene truly embodies the prosperity of righteous rule! Even the plants and insects can feel his kindness, and the common people sing his praises, wishing for this prosperous scene to continue forever!
This poem was used by the nobles to wish the emperor a long life during his birthday celebration, with the lines "To your longevity, may joy never cease. Great Jin celebrates the heavens, the emperor knows no bounds." It means wishing the emperor boundless longevity and the prosperity of the Great Jin!
Furthermore, the emperor, resplendent and commanding, inspects the world, and in the court, civil and military officials are all talented individuals with both virtue and ability. The emperor's influence and teachings spread throughout the world, and state affairs are handled in an orderly manner. The grand banquet, with guests filling the seats, the spectacle is truly magnificent, with the sound of music and the atmosphere vibrant. The officials pay their respects, order is meticulously maintained, and the sound of gold and jade resonates through the heavens; it is truly lively!
The banquet begins, everyone drinks and celebrates, wishing the emperor a long life and the prosperity and peace of the country; the tableau of this prosperous era is ever-evolving. All the vassals come to offer congratulations; the occasion is truly grand, everyone toasts and presents gifts, and the atmosphere is vibrant. With sumptuous dishes, fine wines, and everything one could wish for, everyone joins in song and laughter, sharing the joy of this peaceful era.
Think about it, the world is peaceful, the people live and work in peace, moral education is deeply rooted in people's hearts, social customs are pure, playing the music of "Xiao Shao," it is truly a peaceful world, with a prosperous country and strong people. This scene of prosperity brings endless joy! The emperor is wise and martial, the ministers are loyal, the country enjoys favorable weather, and everything is peaceful.
Various auspicious signs appear one after another, the Qilin appears, the Phoenix flies, sweet springs gush out, and the warehouse is filled with abundant harvests. These are all gifts from heaven to the emperor, wishing the emperor a long life and prosperity for the country! The emperor follows the mandate of heaven, rules the world, follows the timing of heaven, and possesses both virtue and talent. The legacy of the four generations of emperors has created the prosperity of Great Jin, with both civil and military achievements, outstanding virtues, and the foundation of Great Jin is destined to last for generations!
During the Taishi era, both the Phoenix and the Dragon appeared, signifying the dynasty's flourishing and the country's enduring prosperity, vast territories, and the people living and working in peace. Historical records and inscriptions bear witness to all of this. The emperor's virtues shine brightly, morality flourishes, blessings extend across the four seas, moving the heavens. The descendants prosper and the country thrives, the emperor ultimately passes away in peace, blessing the country with eternal stability and strength equal to heaven.
This wise emperor governs the world, conforms to the will of heaven, and meets the desires of the people. The brilliance of the three generations of emperors converges here, laying the grand foundation during the Taishi era. The emperor's virtues illuminate the sun and moon, blessings spread throughout the four seasons, the world is peaceful, and the people are happy, truly a scene of prosperity!
All of this is the will of heaven, supporting the benevolent sovereign. Like the ancient Three Sovereigns, his virtue is flourishing day by day, understanding the principles of celestial movements, commanding the seven planets and stars, with all officials performing their duties in an orderly manner, governing the realm with divine authority. The world is united in heart and virtue, promoting benevolence, righteousness, and fostering harmony, aiding the people, nurturing all things, like the ancient deity of cultivation, bestowing blessings throughout the world. Countless talents emerge, spreading virtue and culture, blessing future generations.
The ancestral temples stand solemn and majestic, the imperial palace stands open at all four gates, handling state affairs with precision, governing diligently and loving the people, even in times of famine, anxiously tending to the people's needs, putting personal safety aside. After the grand ceremony, the entire nation rejoices.
The emperor climbs Kunlun Mountain, ascends Zengcheng, rides a flying dragon, soars into the sky, crowned with the sun and moon, adorned with five stars, wielding rainbows and comets, draped in auspicious clouds, taking in the scene of prosperity, touring the four directions, visiting the heavenly court, harmonizing with heaven and earth, balancing yin and yang, regulating the four seasons, shining brightly, expanding the heavens, organizing laws and regulations, spreading the wind of benevolence and righteousness, bestowing blessings, promoting education, uplifting royal prestige, embracing all directions, welcoming the nine barbarian tribes, attending the heavenly gate, feasting at the Purple Palace.
The emperor establishes five flags, arranges bells and chimes, lines up the troops of the four counties, performs the "Shao" and "Wu" music, the resonant sound of bells and stone fills the air, the banners flutter, the Eight Dances perform gracefully, chanting the "Odes" and "Hymns" from the Book of Songs, accompanied by the music of the pentatonic scale, collectively celebrating the achievements of the revered sovereign.
The emperor's teachings spread throughout the world, a refreshing breeze blows, gathering heroes and valiant warriors, ruling the realm and vanquishing the barbarians, radiantly shining, extolling the sagacious sovereign, surpassing all generations, spreading his fame to future generations, ensuring the prosperity of the age endures, shining for eternity.
This poem praises the Song Dynasty emperor, starting with praise for his illustrious ancestry, his assistance to the country, governing the realm, ruling in accordance with the mandate of heaven, and establishing a prosperous era. His father was also a wise and martial monarch, laying the foundation of the Jin Dynasty, with his virtues being passed down through the generations. The emperor himself was even more sagacious, communicating with the heavens and the earth, bestowing blessings throughout the world, leaving a lasting legacy.
This section discusses the music of the New Year ceremony, extolling the emperor's benevolence, like the sun and moon above, surpassing all previous emperors. His decisions determined the fate of the country and informed the regional lords. The courtiers dressed in their finest attire, arriving early to pay their respects, while the emperor hosted a banquet, featuring grand musical performances. The atmosphere was solemn and dignified, with the emperor upholding decorum throughout. After the music and dance performances, the emperor's virtues were celebrated, bringing peace and prosperity to the world, all thanks to the emperor's efforts. The music played changed according to the emperor's movements, very grand indeed.
The final two sections extol the prosperity of the Song Dynasty, believing that it inherited the legacy of the Han and Tang Dynasties, with the emperor being sagacious, and his virtues widely spread, ruling over all directions like a celestial emperor. The emperor was appointed by heaven, establishing the capital of the Song Dynasty, casting light over the world, with a renowned reputation. The final sentence is a birthday wish, wishing the emperor eternal longevity and the continued prosperity of the country. "This line offers birthday wine, congratulating the emperor and wishing for the prosperity and brilliance of the imperial family and the country to be as brilliant as the sun and moon."
It is said that the royal officials offered birthday wishes, first singing a song titled "Birthday Song" (Huangzhong Xiang Diao). The song sings, "Bright and glorious Great Song, flourishing imperial path. The heavenly blessings are bestowed, securing the heavens. With the heavens secured, welcoming guests from all directions. Rich in rituals and music, dignified and majestic." This means that the governance of the Great Song Dynasty is clear and bright, with the emperor's grace vast, bringing peace to the world, and nations prospering, creating a prosperous scene.
The singing continued: "The flowing waters of the Mian River waters, the morning tribute to the Heavenly Pool. Magnificent tributes, dignified restraint. Once accustomed to dignity, also at ease with etiquette. When one person possesses it, it is accepted by all nations." This part describes the grand scene of the vassals presenting tributes, with offerings like rivers merging into the sea; the scene is grand and orderly, and the Son of Heaven leads by example, influencing the entire world. "Oh, our emperor, born of Heaven's grace. Stepping forth to begin, celebrating the surpassing. As eternal as the heavens, as radiant as the sun. In this auspicious scene, may your reign be eternal." The singing finally praises the emperor's wisdom and longevity, wishing for the eternal prosperity of the nation.
Then, three different songs were sung in front of the hall, accompanied by percussion instruments made of gold and stone. The songs sang: "The morning sun shines brightly, all things witness. Celebrating the three dynasties, with rituals and music in full display. The New Year begins, with clear laws and shining traditions. All directions come to congratulate; the court is filled with descendants. Many skilled individuals occupy the nine ranks, gazing calmly, their brilliance shining. Drums and bells shake the heavens; etiquette fills the imperial court. Reveling in music, happiness and fortune return in harmony." This part describes the grand scene of the New Year's greetings, with civil and military officials paying their respects, complete with rituals and music, the palace filled with auspicious atmosphere, a thriving scene.
Next, the singing continued: "The five jades have been presented, the three silks offered. Your excellencies and nobles, the sound of jade bells rings throughout the grand hall. The emperor and the empress dowager receive the tribute from the south. The leader accepts the auspicious gifts; all nations rejoice together. Enjoy! A joyous banquet shared between ruler and subjects. Erecting five flags, establishing four counties. Music with culture, etiquette without weariness. Embracing the imperial spirit, striving for renewal." This part describes the specific rituals of the tribute ceremony, as well as the harmonious coexistence of the ruler and his subjects, expressing wishes for the prosperity of the nation.
The last part of the song is filled with auspicious omens: "Harmony in body and mind, feeling the balance of yin and yang. Virtue knows no harshness; prosperity and peace flourish. Auspicious signs and jade ornaments, welcoming the auspicious bells. Dancing phoenix, leaping dragon. Stars shining, sweet dew falling. Trees growing together, grains sharing the same ears. Profound transformation, spreading benevolence. Extreme auspiciousness, the end of spiritual symbols. Welcoming the descendants of the wild, pacifying the people. Receiving heavenly blessings that embrace all. Illuminating harmony, abundant celebrations abound. Abundant celebrations, carried by the benevolent emperor. Uniting energy and harmony, the people rejoice. The three spirits harmonize auspiciously, only the new emperor reigns. The royal path reaches the four corners, spreading kindness and virtue. Delving into the principles of the cosmos, guided by the emperor's teachings. Spiritual transformation flows with the seasons, deep sincerity communicates in silence. Virtue and blessings cover the eight directions, spreading peace across the land." This part uses a lot of auspicious imagery and good wishes to express praise for the emperor and his rule, wishing for national prosperity and stability.
This music celebrates the era of peace and prosperity, national prosperity and stability. "The emperor's grace shines, all is peaceful and prosperous. Rituals brighten the imperial court, customs flourish far and wide. Wearing the imperial crown, the left collar is tied. Heaven covers the earth, blessings overflow. Teachings spread harmony, virtue shines brightly." Look, these lyrics are written so well, the emperor's virtues resonate throughout the realm, even the distant barbarians come to pay tribute. Such a prosperous scene is truly uplifting!
Then it continues: "The era of prosperity begins, the king arrives. Offering tribute, attending the emperor. Sounding the jade pendant, observing the ceremonies. Enjoying the royal grace, discussing the auspicious fragrance. Spreading prosperity, wandering in great joy. Bright and illustrious, forever prosperous." This song sings about the founding monarch, with civil and military achievements, foreign envoys coming from all directions, strong national power, people living in peace and happiness, a scene of harmony that truly makes one feel comfortable just by listening.
"In the eternal beginning, virtue shines. Seven policies of Qi, five statutes are laid out. The principles of Yi are in order, the grand transformation is explained. The king's grace flows, the era of great peace begins to unfold. The teachings are firmly established, the emperor's reign is bright. The harmonious spirits are worshipped with respect. Prosperity and blessings are extended, receiving great fortune." This part sings of the emperor's virtues, governing the country with wisdom, the people living in abundance, and the country prospering. Truly, it is a blessing for China!
The song becomes more and more intense, "There is etiquette in ceremonies, music has its rituals. Gold and stone are displayed, ivory and feathers are offered. Stepping forward with martial and literary arts, all are gathered at the pool of harmony. Singing the 'Southern Wind', dancing to praise virtue. Civil and military talents are radiant, the praises are sung aloud." Look at the variety of musical instruments; the pieces being played are all timeless masterpieces. This grand scene is truly breathtaking!
Finally, the song reaches its climax, "The king's path is pure, virtue is ever more refined. The eight borders are peaceful, the nine states are harmonious. The way of courtesy is promoted, customs are changed. Changing customs, eternal harmony is achieved. Singing of prosperity and beauty, announcing success. Singing of heroism and virtue, reaching boundlessly far." These lyrics sing of the emperor's achievements, his grace passed down to future generations, lasting forever! This song, with its magnificent momentum, stirs the blood of the listeners!
The ten chapters of this song are divided into two sections, the Huang Zhong and Tai Cu parts. The Huang Zhong section plays five pieces: 'Morning Xi (晨羲)', 'Body of Harmony (体至和)', 'The King's Path (王道)', 'Opening the Origin of the Era (开元辰)', 'Etiquette in Ceremonies (礼有容)'. The Tai Cu section plays five pieces: 'Five Jades (五玉)', 'Remembering the Ancestral Land (怀荒裔)', 'Imperial Records (皇猷缉)', 'At the Beginning of Eternity (惟永初)', 'The Pure King's Path (王道纯)'.
Then, another dance performance began, and the singing followed: "Yu He Jingming, Heaven's Mandate is approaching. Music comes from Yang, rituals are performed in the shadows. Songs arise from virtue, and dances stem from profound accomplishments. Courtyards lined with palaces and counties, steps adorned with lutes and zithers. Elaborate dances and music harmonize with flutes and chimes. Though the 'Xiao Shao' is ancient, its essence remains alive today. The harmony of sound and the virtue of music resonate far and wide. Illuminate the foundation of my emperor, harmonize with the spirits. Rituals and punishments encompass the six realms, transforming in harmony with nature. Like the clouds in the sky, they are celebrated in heaven. Vibrant and diverse, harmonious and peaceful in times gone by. Striking the 'Shao' in the palace, to be remembered for eternity." This dance, accompanied by singing, was truly magnificent, showcasing the grand scenes of the prosperous era to perfection! This dance is called "Qianwu Ge" and is adapted from the Jin Dynasty's "Zhengde Dance," performed by the Rui Binxiang. The entire performance was grand and majestic, truly awe-inspiring! It is said that after the emperor ascended the throne, he truly received blessings from heaven, accumulated countless merits, and the country became strong and stable. "The dragon soars in the sky, and the rituals extend to all nations," the emperor's majesty is respected by all nations. He governed diligently, loved the people, and handled state affairs with steady wisdom. Without uttering a word, he had the power to influence all, and his grace spread throughout the world. Now that the grand ceremony is completed, his achievements deserve to be etched in history. "Carefully and benevolently, his kindness is evident," he worked diligently and cautiously, showing kindness to the people, following the will of heaven, establishing new systems, thereby stabilizing the country, ensuring peace, and bringing tranquility to the land. "Crowned, he presided over the people with benevolence," the emperor sat in the court, governing the people. Then, the dance of "Dayu" was performed, as if heaven and earth were in harmony, praying for national prosperity, peace for the people, and a lasting era of abundance.
After that, the guests performed "Su Cheng Music." The lyrics are divided into two chapters: The first chapter states that we inherit the tradition of filial piety from our ancestors, respectfully serving the great sacred ruler. People from across the land come to present their tributes, and the entire nation celebrates in unison. The emcees follow the ritual procedures, the ceremonial procession is all set, incense is wafting, and the palace is splendidly adorned. Treasures are displayed in front of the hall, the courtyard is filled with fine wine, musical instruments play, and songs are sung melodiously. The sacrificial rites are meticulously prepared in advance; everything is in order, respectfully welcoming the blessings of the gods, and the royal celebration is proclaimed to all.
The second chapter states that we respectfully follow the sacrificial rites; the emperor stands majestic and solemn, the gods protect, and the sacrificial animals are abundant. The palace is solemn and magnificent, and the palace's foundation is grand and imposing. The royal spirits bestow blessings, and various deities come to serve. We wait with devout hearts for the arrival of the night, lining up neatly to welcome the morning sun. The rising sun shines brightly on the earth, and the grand celebration radiates auspicious energy, praising the emperor's virtues and blessing the eternal stability of the country.
Next, during the offering of sacrifices, "Yin Sheng Music" is played. The lyrics are: With sincere hearts, we offer sacrifices with purity, honoring the spirits with filial piety. Respectfully offering millet and grains, we cleanse the offerings with care. The robust livestock are prepared, and the abundant offerings rise like a mountain. We honor the sacrificial traditions passed down from our ancestors, expressing respect for the emperor. The air is filled with fragrance, the flames flicker, and the spirits bear witness to it all—a resplendent sacrificial ceremony.
Finally, during the offering of beans and blood offerings, "Jia Jian Music" is played. (Lyrics omitted).
Speaking of this grand sacrificial ceremony, the preparations were quite thorough! The ceremonial procedures were meticulously arranged, with the etiquette norms of the Six Rites and the duties of the Nine Ministers well-organized. The sacrificial livestock were selected to be fat and strong, and the procession was impressive and well-coordinated. The sacrificial personnel earnestly cleaned the sacrificial vessels, kept themselves pure in body and mind, and served the spirits devoutly. The sacrificial offerings were displayed abundantly and orderly, with melodious music echoing inside and outside the palace. The entire sacrificial scene was solemn and dignified, with a serious and peaceful atmosphere, and the sacrificial personnel were neatly dressed and filled with enthusiasm. The spirits bestowed blessings, ensuring our country's prosperity and development, peace and security for the people, and the arrival of nations. This grand sacrificial event exemplifies filial piety, with a grand and solemn scene, and officials each performing their duties in an orderly manner.
—Right Evening Sacrificial Song Lyrics.
When welcoming the gods, the music played during the welcoming of the gods was "Shao Xia Music," and the lyrics were as follows:
"The palace is magnificent and grand, the buildings are splendid and brilliant. The sacrificial site is clean and bright, with brilliant lights and dazzling colors. The spirits seem to be gazing here, the jade hall is magnificent, and the fragrance is everywhere. The round sacrificial fire basin glows brightly, the square water pool is clear to the bottom. Golden branches hang from the trees, emerald lanterns hang high. The still water mirrors the night sky, the dazzling Milky Way stretches across the sky. We began the sacrificial ceremony early, with devout hearts, looking up to the grace of the spirits, praying for the blessing of our country and people."
When the emperor enters the temple through the north gate, the music played is "Yong Zhi Le," and the lyrics are as follows:
"The emperor is wise and virtuous, with outstanding filial piety. The imperial carriage is resplendent, the procession is majestic. The night is peaceful, the morning is beautiful. The golden light glimmers, the jade wind gently blows. Inheriting the sacrificial rituals of the ancestors, we respectfully honor our ancestors through sacrifices."
The Grand Priest played music at the sacrificial site and sang two songs, the lyrics were as follows:
Chapter One: "The emperor performs the sacrifices on an auspicious day. The gates of the nine-tiered palace are wide open, with the four divine beasts assembled. Solemn music fills the air, and the procession is perfectly organized. The deities accept the sacrifices, with the offerings releasing a delightful fragrance. Jade wine cups and vessels holding the offerings are neatly arranged, and the cassia wood utensils gleam beautifully. Every official carries out the rituals seriously, with uniform movements."
Chapter Two: "The grand sacrificial ceremony pays homage to the ancestors. The ritual is meticulous, with sincere and solemn language. The sacrificial wine is fragrant, deeply touching the spirits. Songs praise the grandeur of the sacrifice, the music harmonious and pleasant. The emperor's filial piety moves the heavens and earth, respecting and honoring the ancestors. The profound filial piety resonates with the heavens, uniting man and god."
Finally, the music in the Empress Dowager's divine chamber is the dance song "Zhang Dekai Rong," with lyrics as follows:
"The auspicious aura gathers, reflecting the Empress Dowager's wisdom. Praising the Empress Dowager's achievements, singing of the Empress Dowager's grace. Heaven blesses us, and the nation thrives in eternal glory."
Wow, these are all lyrics of court sacrificial dances, sounding quite grand! First, let's talk about the Empress Dowager Zhang's, written by Emperor Ming, roughly meaning:
"Manifesting the spirit like a sacred elephant, continuing the rituals and winds. Embracing the brilliance, ascending the auspicious purple sky. Guiding the world, with military prowess shining in the imperial palace. Soaring with golden radiance, writing about virtue and beauty." This means, Empress Dowager Zhang, you are like an auspicious elephant, inheriting the excellent traditions of your ancestors, shining brightly, ascending to the purple sky, influencing the world, and your military achievements are remarkable in the imperial palace. The radiant golden gathering immortalizes your virtues and beauty.
Next is the Empress Dowager Xuan's, also written by Emperor Ming:
"The heavenly pivot shines brightly, the earthly axis radiates. Light connects and rises in the world, shining with joy and auspiciousness. The fragrance fills the universe, the scenery subtly intertwines. Jade instruments praise your virtues, golden instruments spread your good name. This means, Empress Dowager, you shine like a star in the sky, reflecting with the earth, radiating light in the world, auspiciousness fills the heavens and the earth, jade instruments sing praises of your virtues, golden instruments spread your good name.
Then, when the emperor received blessings during the feast on the east wall, the dance lyrics of "Jia Shi" were used:
"Offering ceremonies are complete, blessings are flourishing. The emperor is divinely blessed, the imperial reign is harmonious. Residing in the extreme, riding the fortunes, the virtue of the realm is exalted. Clear and bright, overlooking the four directions, the essence reaches all eight regions. Benevolence resonates throughout, illuminating the universe with brilliance. Spiritual blessings intertwine with worldly auspiciousness, the great achievements know no bounds." This means, the ritual ceremonies are thorough, it is now a time of peace and prosperity, the emperor is blessed by heaven, the country is stable, the national fortunes are prosperous, the emperor's virtue is noble, governing the country with wisdom, the country is peaceful and prosperous, blessings spread throughout the world, the country is strong and glorious, heaven blesses, the country thrives and develops, the achievements are immortal.
During the sending-off of the spirits, the dance of "Zhao Xia" was played, with two sets of lyrics:
"Great filial piety is prepared, the ceremonies are abundant and grand. The spirits are at peace, the joy is full. The chariot rises high beneath the azure sky. Inviting guests from the eight directions, dispelling evil from all directions. The scenery is harmonious, the wind is solemn." The first paragraph means: Filial piety is sincere, the sacrifices are grand, the spirits are at peace, auspiciousness is abundant, the chariot rises, reaching the heavens, guests come from all directions, the four corners are peaceful, auspiciousness fills the air, and the gentle breeze blows.
"Zhao Rong imparts wisdom, cultivating refined manners. Longing for the imperial spirit, forming deep admiration. Dismissing the feathered canopy, pausing beneath the splendid tree. Leaving behind the jade ornaments, riding the jade carriage. The flow is boundless, celebrating the nation's prosperity." The second paragraph means: Teaching with bright enlightenment, cultivating a refined atmosphere, yearning for the imperial spirit, feeling deep admiration, removing the feathered canopy, leaving the splendid tree, leaving behind the jade ornaments, riding the jade carriage, the country's fortunes are prosperous, it is a time of peace and prosperity."
Finally, the emperor presented the "Xiucheng" music and dance in the side hall:
"The fine wine and delicacies are laid out, and the sacrificial vessels are arranged. The feast is sincerely presented, the rituals are complete. The music is harmonious, the blessings have been offered, the procession has withdrawn, the emperor's carriage leaves the gate, returning to the palace. The divine presence lingers, the palace stands empty and solemn. The eight spirits stand guard, the three deities have taken their leave. The emerald canopy glimmers, the brilliance envelops the palace. The jade reins lie still, the golden carriage returns, filled with music. Expressing deep filial devotion, my heart is filled with reverence. Following the emperor's example, honoring the virtues of our ancestors, aspiring to uphold the noble traditions of our forebears. May the spirits bestow blessings, bringing peace to the world, the emperor's benevolence towards the realm, the people enjoy peace and prosperity."
In summary, these lyrics express profound reverence for the imperial ancestors and heartfelt wishes for the nation's prosperity, with magnificent and grandiose language!
